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2.1. General: Figure 2.1: Common Types of External Wall System
2.1. General: Figure 2.1: Common Types of External Wall System
2.1. General: Figure 2.1: Common Types of External Wall System
Introduction
In a survey conducted by BCA in year 2003 involving speeds experienced by high-rise buildings also
about 10,000 private residential units, water seepage increase the likelihood of water seepage. Building
through external walls was found to be a common envelopes must, therefore, be adequately designed
defect faced by homeowners. The survey findings also and constructed to prevent ingress of water.
showed that the use of single layer brickwall is the
most common cause of water seepage through external There are various external wall systems used in the
walls. Almost 90% of the water seepage occurred local industry, including precast concrete walls, cast
through cracks in the plastered brickwalls. In general, in-situ reinforced concrete walls, brickwalls, curtain
water seepage through external walls occurred within walls, cladding walls, concrete block walls, etc.
the first five years of building completion.
Due to volume constraint, this publication focuses on
Water seepage through the external walls is precast concrete walls, cast in-situ reinforced concrete
unacceptable to the occupants. The problem is further walls and plastered brickwalls. It provides industry
compounded by Singapore’s high humidity and good practices to help achieve durable and effective
abundant rainfall throughout the year. High wind waterproofing of the building envelope.
introduction/ design of external walls