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1. Merencanakan dan melaksanakan pelayaran dan menentukan 12. You are enroute to assist vessel A. Vessel A is underway at 4.5 knots on course
posisi. (Plan and conduct a passage and determine position )
233°T, and bears 264°T at 68 miles from you. What is the course to steer at 13
1. When must a passage plan be prepared ? Before the voyage commences. knots to intercept vessel A? b. 256°
2. What should a passage plan include ? The plan should include the entire 13. Mariners are FIRST warned of serious defects or important changes to aids to
voyage from berth to berth. navigation by means of ______. a. marine broadcast Notice to Mariners
3. The path that a vessel is expected to follow, represented on a chart by a line 14. You are informed of defects or changes in aids to navigation by __________.
drawn from the point of departure to the point of arrival, is the b. Track line d. All of the above
4. Which nautical charts are intended for coastwise navigation outside of outlying 15. You would expect to find channels marked with the IALA-A Buoyage System in
reefs and shoals? b. General charts __________.b. Australia
5. Which would you consult for information about the general current circulation 16. Which statement about radio navigational warnings is TRUE?
in the North Atlantic Ocean?a. Pilot chart a. The topics for warnings included in HYDROLANTS, HYDROPACS, and
6. Distance along a track line is measured on a Mercator chart by using the NAVAREA warnings are the same.
a. latitude scale near the middle of the track line 17. In which country would you expect the channels to be marked with the IALA-B
7. You will be loading in Boston Harbor to a maximum draft of 32'06". The Buoyage System? c. Peru
charted depth of an obstruction in the channel near Boston Light is 30 feet and 18. What is TRUE concerning new editions of Light Lists? c. New editions are
you wish to have 3 feet of keel clearance. The steaming time from the pier to corrected through the date shown on the title page.
the obstruction is 01h 05m. What is the latest time (ZD +4) you can sail on 17 19. The world is divided into NAVAREAS for the dissemination of important marine
May 1983 and meet these requirements? b. 1728 information. Which NAVAREAS include the Indonesian? a. XI
8. In which voyage, between two points, is the rhumb line distance NOT 20. In which source could you find the number of a chart for a certain geographic
approximately the same as the great circle distance? b. The two points are in area? b. Catalog of Charts
high latitudes in the same hemisphere. 21. What publication contains information about the port facilities and passage
9. You are planning to enter an unfamiliar port. Which publication provides entry to port ? a. World Port Index
information about channel depths, dangers, obstructions, anchorages, and 22. The velocity of the current in large coastal harbors is __________.c. predicted
marine facilities available in that port? c. Coast Pilot in Tidal Current Tables
10. The drift and set of tidal, river, and ocean currents refer to the b. speed and 23. The Sailing Directions (Enroute) contain information on c. coastal anchorages
direction toward which the current flows 24. On a chart, the characteristic of the light on a lighthouse is shown as flashing
11. You are preparing to take a tow from San Diego to Portland, OR. Good white with a red sector. The red sector __________.b. indicates a danger area
seamanship would require that you have on board, available for reference and 25. To which traffic separation schemes does Rule 10 apply?
use, all of the following EXCEPT the c. Sailing Directions (Enroute) a. Those adopted by the International Maritime Organization
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10: When using a buoy as an aid to navigation which of the following should be considered?
c. The buoy may not be in the charted position.
11: When taking an amplitude, the Sun's center should be observed on the visible horizon
1. The position of the ship is found by taking a series of bearings using a magnetic when __________. a. in high latitudes
12: When navigating a vessel, you __________.
compass. How should an error of 5 degrees WEST be applied to the compass d. should never rely on a floating aid to maintain its exact position
bearings? 13: Civil twilight begins at 1910 zone time on 20 July 1981. Your DR position at that time is LAT
22°16'N, LONG 150°06'W. Which statement concerning the planets available for evening
a. Subtract 5 degrees to the bearings sights is TRUE?
a. Venus will have a westerly meridian angle.
2. The positions of the ship provided by the GPS should always be confirmed by
14: When should a navigator rely on the position of floating aids to navigation?
other means, when possible. Which of the following suggested methods would d. Only when fixed aids are not available
15: While steering a course of 150°T, you wish to observe a body for a latitude check. What
be the most accurate?
would the azimuth have to be?
a. The ranges of three distinctive shore objects on the radar. a. 000°T
16: For navigational purposes, each great circle on the Earth has a length of _d. 21,600 miles
3. What is important to check when transferring a position from the GPS output to 17: The LMT of LAN is 1210. Your longitude is 70°30'E. Which time would you use to enter the
a paper chart? Nautical Almanac to determine the declination of the Sun at LAN?
a. Any necessary corrections are applied to convert between the GPS c. 0728
datum and the chart datum
18: A position obtained by taking lines of position from one object at different times and
4. When navigating using the GPS, how does the GPS display indicate when the advancing them to a common time is a(n) __________.
accuracy of the displayed position is reduced?
d. running fix
a. A large HDOP value is displayed on the screen 19: The parallax angle will vary the most with the time of year for __________.
5. Which of the following figures drawn on the plane of the Meridian is correct for a. Venus
an observer in position Latitude 30°00' North; Longitude 15°00' West, when 20: The zone time of LAN is 1152. Your longitude is 73°15'E. What time would you use to enter
the Nautical Almanac to determine the declination of the Sun at LAN?
observing the sun on the meridian, if the sun's Declination is 15°00' South?
a. 0659
a. Figure 4 is correct.
21: A single line of position combined with a dead-reckoning position results in a(n) _
6. Which of the four calculations illustrated is the correct one to determine the
b. estimated position
latitude of the observer when the sun is on the meridian? 22: The rate of increase in hour angle is the slowest for __________.
b. the Moon
a. Calculation 3 is correct. 23: All Loran-C transmitting stations are equipped with cesium frequency standards which
7. Which of the four figures illustrated shows the correct position line for the permit __________.
b. each station to transmit without reference to another station
following situation: Latitude 50°00'N, Longitude 30°00'W, Time 1200 GMT. 24: Your longitude is 179°59'W. The LMT at this longitude is 23h 56m of the 4th day of the
Course steered: 090° True, Speed: 12 knots, bearing of the sun: 200°, Intercept month. Six minutes later your position is 179°59'E longitude. Your LMT and date is now d. 00h
02m on the 6th
correction: 00°02' Towards (observed altitude - computed altitude). 25: Which position includes the effects of wind and current?
a. Figure 2 is correct. c. Estimated position
26: The GHA of the first point of Aries is 315° and the GHA of a planet is 150°. What is the
right ascension of the planet? b. 11 hours
8: A vessel's position should be plotted using bearings of b. fixed known objects on shore
27: The time interval between the transmission of signals from a pair of Loran-C stations is
very closely controlled and operates with __________.
a. an atomic time standard28: The difference in local time between an observer on 114°W
9: If Loran-C signals become unsynchronized, the receiver operator is warned because
and one on 119°W is
__________. a. signals begin to blink
c. 20 minutes
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26. The distance covered by a ship on four successive days were 320, 300, 310 and
330 nautical miles respectively. Find the average daily run speed if each day is
24 hours long
a. 315 naut. Miles
27. How often is it recommended that a position fix is taken during a sea voyage if
the ship is in open waters ?
a. At least every 30 minutes
28. What chart should be used when navigating ?
a. The largest scale chart onboard for the area which is properly
corrected
29. Define the required interval between position fixes.
a. Such that the vessel cannot be set appreciable off course, or into
danger by the effects of wind, tide or current
30. The latest edition of a chart can be found from _______.
a. the latest cumulative notices to mariners
31. A cumulative list of notices to mariners are published _____ a year. twice
32. Controls testing of bridge equipment should be carried out one to two hours
prior sailing
33. You are asked to find if a particular port you are expected to visit has an Indian
Embassy. Which of these publications would you consult?
a. Guide to Port Entry
34. Which of the following factors may not be taken into consideration when
planning a passage in coastal waters?
a. Choice of ocean route
35. A voyage passage plan is made from _____.
a. berth to berth
36. Your chart indicates that there is an isolated rock and names the rock using
vertical letters. This indicates the __________. c. rock is dry at high water
37. When the range of a ship is decreasing and its bearing remains constant,the ships
are on:
a) parallel courses
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29: A position that is obtained by applying estimated current and wind to your vessel's course
and speed is a(n) b. estimated position
30: A position that is obtained by using two or more intersecting lines of position taken at
nearly the same time, is a(n) __c. fix
31: The date is the same all over the world b. 1200 GMT
32: What describes an accurate position that is NOT based on any prior position?c. Fix
33: If the radio signal ground wave extends out for less distance than the minimum skywave
distance, there is an area in which no signal is received. This is called the __a. skip zone
34: How many fixed objects are needed to plot a running fix? b. One
35: The part of a sextant mounted directly over the pivot of the index arm is the a. index
mirror
36: On 6 July 1981, at 1000 zone time, you cross the 180th meridian steaming westward.
What is your local time?d. It is 1000, 7 July.
37: The horizon glass of a sextant is ______. a. silvered on its half nearer the frame
38: Civil twilight occurs at 0558 zone time on 30 December 1981. Your DR position at that
time is LAT 15°02'N, LONG 46°02'W. Which statement concerning the planets available for
morning sights is TRUE? a. At 0558, Mars can be used for an ex-meridian observation.
39: When navigating using GPS, what is an indicator of the geometry of the satellites that your
receiver is locked onto? a. Horizontal Dilution of Precision
40: Because of the reflecting properties of a sextant, if the sextant altitude reads 60° on the
limb, the actual arc of the limb from 0° to the 60° reading is __________. b. 30°
41: The difference between local apparent time (LAT) and local mean time (LMT) is indicated
by the __________.
a. equation of time
42: Which aid is NOT marked on a chart with a magenta circle?
d. Aero light
43: When using GPS, how many theoretical position lines are required for a two-dimensional
fix?
c. 3
44: A sextant having an index error that is "on the arc" has a __________.
c. negative correction
45: The equation of time is 12m 00s and the mean Sun is ahead of the apparent Sun. If you
are on the central meridian of your time zone, at what zone time will the apparent Sun cross
the meridian?
c. 1212
46: At 0000 you fix your position and plot a new DR track line. At 0200 you again fix your
position and it is 0.5 mile east of your DR. Which statement is TRUE?
d. The drift is 0.25 knot.
47: A sextant having an index error that is "off the arc" has a __________.
a. positive correction
48: The equation of time is 8m 40s. The apparent Sun is ahead of the mean Sun. If you are on
the central meridian of your time zone, the apparent Sun will cross your meridian at
__________.
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b) opposite courses
c) diverging courses
d) collision courses
38. According to the recommendations of International Navigational Congress in 1912,
the ratio of length to width at the entrance for cargo vessels is c. 7.4 and 7.8 to 1
39. Which one of the following land marks on the coast line must be depicted on
hydrographic maps d. all the above
40. Pick up the correct statement from the following: d. All the above
41. You expect to sight land at 2100 where an alteration of course is marked on the
chart. By 2120 no land has been sighted, the visibility is very good. What action
would you take? Call Master.
42. How should a vessel cross a traffic lane when obliged to do so? On a HEADING as
nearly as practical at right angles to the direction of traffic flow
43. A vessel is steaming in east longitude on January 25 and crosses the International
Date Line on an eastbound course at 0900 zone time. What is the date and time
at Greenwich when the vessel crosses the line? b. 2100, 24 January
44. The period at high or low tide during which there is no change in the height of the
water is called the __________. c. stand of the tide
45. Spring tides are tides that __________. a. have lows lower than normal and highs
higher than normal
46: Mean high water is the reference plane used for __________.
b. heights above water of land features such as lights
47. The range of tide is the __c. difference between the heights of high and low tide
48. The reference datum used in determining the heights of land features on most
charts is __________. b. mean high water
49. Charted depth is the __________.b. vertical distance from the chart sounding
datum to the ocean bottom
50: The datum from which the predicted heights of tides are reckoned in the tide
tables is __________. b. the same as that used for the charts of the locality
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a. 11-51-20 ZT
49: When using GPS, how many theoretical position lines are required for a three-dimensional
fix that takes into account altitude?
d. 4
49: Which of the four adjustable errors in the sextant is the principle cause of index error?
b. Index mirror and horizon glass not being parallel
50: It is 1200 local time for an observer at 54°E longitude. Which statement is TRUE?
c. The observer is in time zone -4.
51: Which of the four adjustable errors in the sextant causes side error?
a. Horizon glass not being perpendicular to the frame
52: The marine sextant is subject to seven different types of errors, four of which may be
corrected by the navigator. An error NOT correctable by the navigator is __________.
b. prismatic error
53: When using a radar in a unstabilized mode, fixes are determined most easily from
__________.
c. ranges
54: A position obtained by crossing lines of position taken at different times and advanced to
a common time is a(n) __________.
a. running fix
55: The true wind is from 330°T, speed 6 knots. You want the apparent wind to be 30 knots
from 10° on your port bow. To what course and speed must you change?
d. Cn 090°, 32.5 knots
56: What is a nonadjustable error of the sextant?
a. Prismatic error
57: The difference (measured in degrees) between the GHA of the body and the longitude of
the observer is the _____
b. meridian angle
58: In order to remove index error from a sextant, you should adjust the _________
b. horizon glass to make it parallel to the index mirror with the index set at zero
59: Vessels required to have an Automatic Radar Plotting Aid must have a device to indicate
the ___
b. speed of the vessel over the ground or through the water
60: The position accuracy of Loran-C degrades with increasing distance from the transmitting
stations as ____
b. a result of variation in propagation conditions
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61: The index error is determined by adjusting the __________.
d. micrometer drum
62: What is the geographic longitude of a body whose GHA is 232°27'?
a. 127°33'E
63: A polyconic projection is based on a __________.
d. series of cones tangent at selected parallels
64: A marine sextant has the index arm set at zero and the reflected image of the horizon
forms a continuous line with the actual image. When the sextant is rotated about the line of
sight the images separate. The sextant has __________.
b. side error
65: A navigator fixing a vessel's position by radar __________.
c. can use radar information from one object to fix the position
66: During the month of October the Sun's declination is __________.
c. south and increasing
67. If the radar scanner of one ship is at the same height as the cargo deck of the other
during transfer operations, which type of radar would pose a greater danger of the
induced ignition ?A 10cm radar.
68. A ship's position is best plotted by bearings from ____________. d. fixed
known objects on the shore
69. In Loran C ___________. c. the master station transmits 9 pulses and the secondary
stations transmit 8 pulses each
70. In Mercator sailing ________---. c. DMP = D'long x Secant Course
71. Plotting position using the method of a running fix is used when _______. b. only
one bearing line is available
72. The DMP between latitude 20? 30' N and latitude 10? 15' S is _________.
a. 1863.07
73. The Decca green zone has ________.
a. 18 lanes
74. A vertical sextant angle gives _________. b. a position line
c. a position circle
75. From the following data: Sextant altitude (LL): 38?12.4'; Index error : 3.0' on the
arc; Corr'n for HE : 6.6'; Total corr'n for sun : for UL -17.0' , for LL + 14.8. What is the
true altitude of the Sun's Lower limb? b. 38?17.6'
76. What will be the d?long for departure of 66.5? when the ship is on m?lat of 29
degrees N. b. 76?
77. The SHA of star "VEGA" to the nearest minute is _______. c. 80?47'
78. Coastal radio navigational warnings are issued _____.
a. by port and harbour authorities within their respective limits
79. The azimuth of a body whose LHA is 195? will be _____. b. easterly
80. Which of the following methods do you think will give the most accurate ship?s
position? c. Two distances off two objects subtending an angle of about 90 degrees.
1. A ship is navigating in the Caribbean in August when it receives the warning of
a Hurricane. To determine the centre of the storm the Master uses "Buys Ballot's
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1. What action should the Officer of the Watch (OOW) take if he is forced to make
a major deviation from the voyage plan?
a. Inform the Master
2. What are the limits of a passage or voyage plan?
a. From berth to berth
3. What is the shortest distance between two points on the surface of the earth?
a. Great Circle
4. What methods could be introduced into a passage plan for continuous monitoring
of the ships position when navigating along a coastline?
a. Parallel Index lines
5. When a ship is steaming along a course line, what is the importance of
determining the set and rate of drift due to wind and current?
a. All of the suggested answers
6. When should voyage planning be done?
a. Prior to leaving the berth
7. Where can a ship expect an act of piracy to take place?
a. All over the world
8. Which of the answers best summarises the information which should be provided
for the bridge Officers of the Watch within an effective Voyage plan.
a. All of the suggested answers
9. Who is ultimately responsible for the voyage plan?
a. The Master
8. The position of the ship is found by taking a series of bearings using a magnetic
compass. How should an error of 5 degrees WEST be applied to the compass
bearings?
b. Subtract 5 degrees to the bearings
9. The positions of the ship provided by the GPS should always be confirmed by
other means, when possible. Which of the following suggested methods would
be the most accurate?
b. The ranges of three distinctive shore objects on the radar.
10. What is important to check when transferring a position from the GPS output to
a paper chart?
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Law" and faces the wind. On what side of the Master would the low pressure area
be located?
a. On the right side
2. If the strength of the wind is related to the pressure gradient and the space
between the isobars, which of the following statements is correct?
a. he closer the isobars are together the stronger will be the predicted wind.
3. In the Beaufort Scale of Wind Force, what is the Beaufort number associated with
the wind force known as a "Gale"? This should not be confused with a "Near
Gale" or "Strong Gale"
a. Eight (8)
4. What is the correct understanding of the term "Isobar"?
a. An "Isobar" is a line joining places of equal pressure.
5. What is the correct understanding of the term "Lapse Rate" when used in
Meteorology?
a. The change of the temperature in the atmosphere with height above sea
level.
6. What is the depth of an iceberg below the surface of the sea?
a. The draught of an iceberg varies with the type of berg and its age.
7. What is the direction of wind associated with an anticyclone (area of high
pressure) in the Northern Hemisphere?
a. Clockwise around the high pressure
8. What is the weather associated with being in the centre of an Anticyclone (a
region of High Pressure)?
a. Light winds and fair weather, sometimes fog.
9. What is understood by the term "Dew point" of the air?
a. The temperature at which condensation in the air forms into water
droplets.
10. When the temperature of the air increases with height it is known as a
"Temperature Inversion" and may influence the performance of some instruments
on the ship. What should the bridge Officer of the Watch be prepared to happen?
a. Abnormal ranges of VHF RT and Second Trace Returns on the radar
1. How can the error of the Gyro compass be determined?
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b. Any necessary corrections are applied to convert between the GPS datum
and the chart datum
11. When navigating using the GPS, how does the GPS display indicate when the
accuracy of the displayed position is reduced?
b. A large HDOP value is displayed on the screen
12. Which of the following figures drawn on the plane of the Meridian is correct for
an observer in position Latitude 30°00' North; Longitude 15°00' West, when
observing the sun on the meridian, if the sun's Declination is 15°00' South?
b. Figure 4 is correct.
13. Which of the four calculations illustrated is the correct one to determine the
latitude of the observer when the sun is on the meridian?
b. Calculation 3 is correct.
14. Which of the four figures illustrated shows the correct position line for the
following situation: Latitude 50°00'N, Longitude 30°00'W, Time 1200 GMT.
Course steered: 090° True, Speed: 12 knots, bearing of the sun: 200°, Intercept
correction: 00°02' Towards (observed altitude - computed altitude).
b. Figure 2 is correct.
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a. By taking a transit bearing with the gyro compass of two prominent fixed
shore objects and comparing it with the bearing of the same objects on the
chart
2. Is the location of the Compass Binnacle critical?
a. Yes, for the reasons stated in all of the suggested answers
3. The compass binnacle on the ship has various specific functions, which of the
following answers reflect its most important functions.
a. All of the answers provided
4. The gyro compass can suffer from a compass error and may need to be allowed
for, when steering a course in a dangerous navigational area. What is the probable
cause of the error?
a. An uncorrected course and speed error.
5. What are the main components causing the magnetic compass to require a regular
evaluation and compass correction?
a. Permanent and induced magnetism in the ships structure
6. What are the required data inputs into most gyro compasses to reduce any
possible compass error?
a. Latitude and Speed
7. What are the two parts of the magnetic compass error?
a. Variation and Deviation
8. What could be the reason for the magnetic compass to swing through large angles
when the ship is rolling in a seaway?
a. The heeling error magnets are upside down and/or not in the correct
position.
9. Where can the size of the Magnetic Compass Error be found?
a. By taking a transit bearing of two fixed geographical positions and
comparing it with the bearing of the same points on the chart
10. Which part of the magnetic compass error changes with a change in the course
steered?
a. Deviation
1. How can an ARPA assist the ship to steer a suitable course to make good the
entrance to a channel?
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a. Select ground stabilised true motion display and alter course so that own
ships true vector passes through the middle of the entrance to the channel.
2. If the radar is set onto the Relative Motion Display, what would an echo of a
target with no trail indicate? Note this the trail of the echo and not a vector.
a. The target is on the same course and speed as own ship.
3. The ship is navigating in dense fog where the visibility is less than one mile. The
Arpa radar is set on a range 12 miles on a course of 314 degrees and own ship
has a vector as shown. What is the vector mode selected on the Arpa?
a. True vectors
4. What corrections must be applied to the echo sounder reading to compare the
depth of water with the depth printed on the chart?
a. Draught of the ship
5. What is the advantages of a GPS satellite system compared to other navigational
aids?
a. The GPS system gives information about position, speed and time
continuously world wide.
6. What is the correct setting of the "Anti sea clutter" control on the radar?
a. A few sea returns remaining on the screen.
7. What is the probable cause of an error in position of the ship obtained from the
GPS system?
a. Incorrect height of the antenna.
8. What possible reason could there be for the identification mark associated with a
Racon not being visible on the radar screen?
a. All of the suggested answers.
9. When using the echo sounder in a river the soundings indicated may be incorrect,
what would be the most probable cause of the error?
a. The density of the water
10. Which of the suggested navigational systems is a "Hyperbolic" navigational
system and has hyperbolae as position lines?
a. Loran C
11. Why should Ground Stabilised True Motion display mode be avoided when using
the Arpa for anti-collision purposes
a. The collision regulations are based on ship courses through the water.
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