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Air Nav
Air Nav
(INSTRUMENT)
PRESSURE INSTRUMENT
a. AI capsule
b. Instrument case.
a. Over read
b. Under read.
c. Read correct.
b. The indicated altitude corrected for non standard temperature and pressure.
c. The altitude indicated when the barometric pressure scale is set to 29.92".
a. 1013.25 mb
b. QFE.
c. QNH.
5. Static ports [vents] are located on both sides of fuselage to reduce/ eliminate.
6. While departing from an aerodrome if altimeter setting is not available due to any a c should
8. If it is necessary to set the altimeter from 29.15" to 29 85", what change occurs?
9. lf OAT (Outside Air Temp) increases during a flight at constant power and Indicated altitude ,
the TAS and True Altitude will -
a. Both decreases
c. Both increases
a. Higher temperatures expand the pressure levels and the indicated altitude is higher
than true altitude.
b. Lower temperatures lower the pressure levels and the indicated altitude is lower
then true altitude.
c. Pressure levels are raised on warm days and the indicated altitude is lower
than true altitude.
13. If the outside air temperature (OAT) at 3 given altitude is warmer than standard, the density
altitude is
a. Under-read.
b. Over read.
c. Read normally.
a. Under - read.
b. Over read.
c. Read normally.
16. Which instrument will become inoperative if the pitot tube becomes clogged?
a. Vertical speed.
b. Altimeter.
c. Airspeed.
17. Which instrument(s) will become inoperative if the static vents become clogged?
b. Altimeter only.
c. Airspeed only
b. Instrument error.
c. Non-standard temperature.
19. If static vent is blocked during climb Altimeter, ASI and mach will
a. Under read
b. Over read
c. Read same
20. At constant TAS highest IAS will be obtained when outside air is.
b. Non-standard temperature.
22. If pitot head is blocked during climb at constant speed, the ASI will
a. Over read
b. Read same
c. Under read
23. It" the pitot tube and outside static vents become clogged, which instruments would be
affected?
24. The pitot system provides impact pressure for which instrument?
a. Airspeed indicator.
b. Altimeter.
c. Vertical-speed indicator.
25. An a/c is maintaining constant power setting an a indicated alt. If OAT decreases the TAS will.
26. As altitude increases, the indicated airspeed at which a given airplane stalls in a particula
configuration will r
27. What does the red diagonal line on an airspeed indicator represent?
a. Never-exceed speed.
b. Maneuvering speed.
a. Never-exceed speed
c. Maneuvering speed.
29. On a VSI.
a. Dynamics to static.
c. Dynamics to pitot.
31. A decrese to 0.1 mach results in decrease of TAS by 62 kts the LSS is
a. 280 k
b. 620 k
c. 632 k
32. Maintaining a const Mach No. The temp is increasing, the TAS will
a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. Remain same.
33. On LRC (Long range cruise), at constant power the mach No.
a. Remains constant
34. Aircraft is at pressure altitude 20,000 feet and density altitude is also same, the OAT is
a. +15oC
b. +5oC
c. -25oC
DEFINE
Q33. Indicated airspeed?
35. If a weight is attached to the rotor of the horizontal axis gyro, the effect will be.
a. Tilt.
b. Drift.
c. Rigidity is reduced.
36. If a weight is suspended from the axis of horizontal axis gyro, the gyro will.
a. Topple.
b. Tilt.
c. Drift.
37. An a/c is turning to right & is skidding out of turn, the ball will go to ……as insufficient bank is
applied
39. Force experienced by turn and slip indicator while establishing rate of turn is known
a. Rigidity.
b. Precession.
c. Gravity.
42. The horizontal axis gyro rotor is rotating in clockwise direction if a force is applied the
precession will take place
44. Advantage of electrically driven artificial horizon over air driven is.
45. A turn is made through 360°, the error indication jf artificial horizon
46. In a climbing turn to the left the horizon bar will appear.
b. Altimeter.
c. VSI.
c. Correct attitude.
49. At low rotor speeds turn and Slip indicator will indicate
a. Same ROT
b. Higher ROT
c. Lesser ROT
a. TAS/100 + 7 deg
b. TAS/10 + 7 deg
c. GS/100 + 7 deg
d. TAS/10 - 7 deg
a. Acceleration error, turning error, attitude error, transport wander, rotor speed
error .
c. Gimbal error, loop error, roll error, rotor speed, transport wander.
a. Variation
b. Dip
c. Deviation
55. Lines joining places of zero dip/ zero variation are called
a. Isoclinal / Isogonal.
b. Aclinal/ Agonal.
c. AgonsI / Isogonal
a. Isoclinal.
b. Horizontal.
c. Magnetic meridian.
d. Great circle.
a. Is stationary.
59. Due to liquid swirl m compass the turning error will increase when the turn is made through
………….. heading
a. Northerly
b. Southerly
60. In Northern hemisphere if ac is accelerated or decelerated the magnetic compos will indicate
61. Northerly turning error in a direct reading magnetic compass[ Conventional magnetic
compass ] occurs due to
62. An a/c while tuning left for finals for K/VV 33 from heading 060 will roll out tin heading (If
lead / lag angle is 10 degrees]
a. 340
b. 330
c. 350
d. 320
c. Magnetic fields within the aircraft distorting the lines of magnetic force.
64. In the Northern Hemisphere a magnetic compass will normally indicate initially a turn toward
the west if
66. In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the
north if
67. In the Northern Hemisphere, the magnetic compass will normally indicate a (urn toward the
south when
68. During flight, when are the indications of a magnetic compass accurate?
69. What should be the indication on magnetic compass when a/c rolls to right from heading
South in northern hemisphere
a. Compass will indicate turn la right at a rate higher than actual rate.
c. Compass will initially remain in heading south and later catch up with actual
heading
d. Indication will be corrected with correct "VOA and backward pressure on control
column.)
70. Advantages of gyrosyn compass over direct reading magnetic compass are
b. lt is dead beat and does not suffer from acceleration and turning errors.
a. Vertical.
b. Horizontal.
c. Inclined.
72. When flying in Polar Regions, rely on.
a. DIC.
b. RIC.
c. DGI.
a. Press synchronizing knob and press it in the direction of alternatively to dot and
cross.
75. In a gyrosyn compass heading indicator is maintained in alignment with magnetic m by.
a. Magnetic compass.
c. DGI.
d. Detector unit.
a. Coeff A , B and C.
c. Coeff A only
a. Micro adjuster
a. P+c
b. Q+f
c. P+f
d. Q+c
a. Frequency decreases.
a. VLF to MF
b. MF and HF
85. Sky waves during day or night are not expected to occur in freq band
a. HF
c. MF and HF
86. Duct propagation/ super refraction occurs when a duct forms due to
a. Polar regions
c. Arctic region
a. Decrease
b. Remain same
c. Increase
a. In hilly regions.
a. Vertical
b. Horizontal
c. Circular
a. VHF
b. LF
b. UHF
c. HF
d. LF
a. HF
b. LF & HF at night
a. Frequency
b. Amplitude
97. The letters VHF/DF appearing in the Airport/ Facility Directory [AIP AERADlO) for a certain
airport indicate that
98. When Radio waves travel from Sea to land at coast they are deflected-
99. VDF [VHF DF] bearing accuracy is classified as category 'B' when bearing is out within.
a. Plus or Minus 5°
b. Plus or Minus 2o
a. D layer
b. E layer
c. F layer
a. Area navigation
b. Radio- navigation.
c. Radar navigation.
c. Can have direct route and reduce time distance and fuel.
b. Easier to demodulate
d. Similar bandwidth
ADF
105. While tracking in on a constant heading of 055° the ADF needle on RM1 reads 060° and
after some time it reads057°,thea/c drift is
a. Port
b. Starboard
c. Nil
c. Begin timing on completion of inbound turn When using ADF ,the bearings
obtained are.
a. True
b. Relative
c. QDMs
d. QDRs.
108. If ADF reads 290° the a/c should turn — to home on to the NDB.
a. 70° to port.
b. 290° to port.
a. Coastal refraction
b. Night Effect
d. Mountain effect
a. Midnight
b. At low altitude
111. The combined polar diagram of loop and sense antenna signals is.
a. Limacon.
b. Circle.
d. Figure of Eight.
a. While maintaining desired track inbound with proper drift correction, the ADF
pointers deflected to windward side of nose position.
c. While tracking in or out the heading correction is made away from ADF pointer.
d. Only when tracking out-bound heading correction is made away from ADF pointer.
113. An a/c is crossing a NDB Station to its star-board, the ADF readings will continue to.
a. Remain same
b. Increase
c. Decrease
c. This freq band has mainly sky waves, hence it gives long range.
117. An a/c NDB pointer indicates 000° on RMI when a/c heading is 225" The
quadarantal error if any expected to be.
a. Nil
b. Minimum
c. Maximum
118. An a/c on outbound track from a NDB is flying a heading compensating 10" S drift the
ADF should read.
a. 010°
b. 190°
c. 350°
d. 170°
119. An a/c maintaining constant heading on inbound track to a NDB, continues drifting,
port the relative bearing will.
a. Remain 180°
b. Continue increasing
c. Continue decreasing.
d. Remain 000.
121. When a/c is on heading 360 QEC is most when ADF reads.
a. 090
b. 225
c. 000
122. When a/c is on heading 045 QEC is most when ADF on KMI reads.
a. 090
b. 225
c. 225
124. An aero plane is flying over sea parallel to coast, which of the following will give
max coastal refraction error.
VOR/ILS
125. When checking sensitivity of a VOR Rx the number of degrees in course change as
the OBS is rotated to move the GDI from centre to last dot on either side should be
between
a. 2° and 5°
b. 5° and 6°
c. 8° and 10°
d. 10° and12°
c. Circle
d. Figure of Fight.
a. ADF
b. VOR
c. DME
131. VOR monitor may remove the ident or switch off transmitter ii the transmitted bearing is
out by more than.
a. 2°
b. 4°
c. 1°
d. 10°
132. While tracking in to a VOR radial, the GDI continues indicating 1/4 deflection to
right, the a/c distance off-track is
a. Increasing.
b. Remains same.
c. Decreasing.
133. When checking a VOR on ground using VOT, the omni-bearing selector (OBS) and the
TO/FROM indicator should read
b. O" TO or 180° FROM, regardless of the a/c position from the VOT.
c. Oo FROM or 180° TO, regardless of the a/c position from the VOT.
134. When using VOT to check accuracy of VOR Rx the RMI should read
a. 240°
b. 180°
c. 090°
a. Phase comparison.
b. Phase difference.
c. Echo principle.
b. Fails to select reciprocal bearing on OBS after crossing VOR ground station.
137. To track out on radial 140 on VOR, correct procedure is to set the OBS to;
138. While tracking inbound, to the VOR station you should fly towards the needle to
center it.
a. OBS selection and magnetic heading are within 70° to 80" of each other.
140. When using VOR which of the following confirms station passage.
141. What timing procedure is followed when entering a VOR holding pattern.
b. Timing for outbound log begins when over or abeam VOR whichever
occurs later.
142. To convert QDMs indicated on RMI by NOB and VOR needles apply variation for finding
true bearings as follows
143. ATC may assign the MOCA under certain special conditions and a/c is within
a. 44 NMs of VOR.
b. 22 NMs of VOR.
144. Maximum variation permitted between indicated bearings of two VORs fitted in an ac is
b. Controller's discretion
c. At MAP.
d. At 50 feet agl.
a. Decreased.
b. Maintained.
c. Increased.
148. The marker beacons operate on……… mhz and are modulated with………..
149. ILS.GP needle is deflected fully above centre line the a/c is
a. 500 feet
b. 100 feet
c. 200 feet
151. During an ILS approach the a/c is below GP and left of R/ VV centre line. The VOR/ ILS
meter indications are
152. During ILS approach the localizer needle is deflected right and horizontal needle
below The a/c is
153. The giidescope and localizer are centered but airspeed is high, what should be adjusted
b. Pitch only
c. Power only
a. 6o or above
b. 3 or above
c. At 3o
155. ILS CAT1 provides coverage to…………feet above ILS reference datum
a. 50
b. 200
156. If horizontal needle during ILS approach is deflected '6 full scale fly up it is
considered,
c. Extremely unsaid.
157. An a/c while taking off using ILS ,GP, the vertical needle has deflected to right the a/c
is in which sector and modulation and it should turn which side to regain GP
b. Lowest alt/height to which a/c can descend below which missed approach is
initiated unless aerodrome has been sighted.
c. Lowest alt/height to which a/c can descend below which missed approach is
initiated unless ILS GP transmitter has been sighted.
159. When approaching on ILS, GP, the head-wind changes to tail-wind The following is
expected
b. Airspeed and pitch attitude increase, a/c has tendency to go above GP.
c. Airspeed and pitch altitude decrease a/c has tendency to go above GP.
d. Airspeed and pitch attitude increase a/c has tendency to go below GP.
161. When a/c is approaching along centre-line the DDM difference m depth modulation is
a. Maximum
b. Zero
c. 1/4
a. 3o to 6o.
b. 1.35o to 5.25o.
c. 1o to 3o.
c. DMF,
a. Omnidirectional.
b. Unidirectional.
166. The freq difference between adjacent Locators! LOM,LMM and LIM] should not be
a. 20° either side of R/ W in azimuth and 20° in vertical at 20 NMS at 30,000 feet.
c. 40° either side of R/W in azimuth and 20° in vertical at 40 NMS at 20,000 feet.
a. Straight in only.
c. Sitting error.
d. Scalloping
b. By marker beacons.
c. Circular pattern
d. Rectangular pattern
b. At pilots discretion
d. At MAP
176. An ac heading 060 [M] is tracking with ADF reading 030[R]. the ac is asked to intercept
and approach on radial 250 for standard holding pattern inbound leg. The pilot should
alter hading to ……..[M]and entry to holding pattern is ……..
a. 030 /direct
b. 250 / parallel
c. 070 / teardrop
d. 130 /direct
177. An ac tracking in to NDB on in bound track of 040 [M] is asked to intercept and
proceed direct on to outbound track of 330 {M} by intercepting the same at 40 o. The
ac should alter heading to
a. 290 [M]
b. 010 [M]
c. 080 [M]
d. 030 [M]
a. 0000001
b. 0001
c. 0000000001
d. 000000001
180. The freq band and rate of scan of airfield surface movement radar are.
a. SHF, 60RPM.
b. SHF, 200RPM.
d. EHF, 10 RPM.
181. In precision radar approach talk down normally ceases …………. At nm from
touchdown.
a. 0.5 nm
b. 2 nm
c. 3 nm
d. 5 nm
a. Yellow colour
b. Red colour
c. Orange colour
183. In AWR in 'weather’ mode strongest signals are received from.
a. SSR
b. AWR
c. GPS
a. Grid
b. Second anode
c. Cathode.
d. x & y plates.
187. If there is potential difference between Y – plates but no potential X – plates the
a. Cathode, grid, 1st, 2nd and 3rd anodes, Y and X plates, screen.
b. Grid, Cathodes, 1st, 2nd and 3rd anodes, Y and X plates, screen.
c. Cathode, grid, Y and X plates, 1st, 2nd and 3rd anodes, screen.
I. Grid 1. Focusing
190. When making routing transponder code change, pilots should avoid inadvertent
selection of which codes?
191. SSR code for entering FIR from adjacent region SSR is not required or assigned is.
a. 2000
b. 7600
c. 7722
192. When radar controller provides range and azimuth the approach is called.
a. GCA
b. ILS
193. What information in addition to heading does radar controller provide to pilot in ASR
[surveillance radar] approach?
b. When to commence descent to MDA, a/c position each NM from R/W and
arrival at MAP
194. In SSR the identification and altitude encoding modes are respectively.
a. 300 NMs
b. 200 NMs
c. 100 NMs
196. In SSR at mode C operation a/c, height information transmitted is.
RADIO/RADAR ALTIMETER
a. Pressure altimeter.
a. DME
b. Radio Altimeter
c. GPS
a. ILS/VOR.
b. Radio Altimeter
c. Radar Altimeter
d. DME
DME
b. More than 100 a/c are interrogating ground stn and combined replies by ground
station saturate transmitter.
c. If 100 a/c are interrogating and receiving replies from ground station. If more a/c
sends in the interrogations the closest 100 a/c receive replies.
d. If 100 a/c are interrogating and receiving replies from ground station. If
more a/c sends in the interrogations the strongest '100 signals receive
replies.
204. The a/c ground distance from DME and DME reading are out by maximum value when.
207. If a Pilot records readings of a DME as 27, 22,18,21,22.23 NMs. The a/c was abeam
DME at.
a. 22 NMs
b. 18 NMs
c. 27 NMs
GPWS
d. Generate no warning.
GPS
b. Bearing
214. In obtaining fix GPS uses position lines similar to that of.
a. DME
b. ADF
c. VOR
215. In GPS the satellites complete one orbit in.
a. 24 hrs.
b. 12 hrs.
c. 30 days.
216. For obtaining 3-d fix by GPS an a/c Rx must obtain range position lines from at least
a. Two satellites.
b. Three satellites.
c. Four satellites.
TAS/ACAS
a. Threat threat.
b. Traffic traffic
a. 1200’ & 6 nm
b. 600’ & 12 nm
c. 600’ & 30 nm
a. Radio Active.
b. Resolution Advisory.
c. Radar Advisory.
a. Traffic Advisory.
b. Transition Altitude,
c. True Altitude.
b. Co-ordinate their RAs and provide vertical avoidance maneuver to one a/c.
c. Co-ordinate their RAs and provide information to ground radar.
222. TCAS is
a. Primary radar.
c. SSR
GENERAL NAVIGATION
a. great circles
b. Small circles
c. Meridians are great circles, and parallels of latitude are rhumb lines.
d. Parallels of latitude are great circles and meridians are rhumb lines.
225. Only one great circle can be drawn through any two points on die surface of the
earth
a. Correct
b. Not correct
226. When airspeed is decreasing in a turn, the angle of attack must be ……….and angle of
bank must be………
a. 45 secs
b. 90 secs
c. 180 secs
228. In southern hemisphere if destination pressure is lesser than departure aerodrome, the
a/c heading will be
a. Port of track.
b. Starboard or track.
229. When wind direction is 90° to track the TAS will be, theoretically.
b. Same as G/S.
a. Hdg
b. Track
232. Under nil wind conditions an aircraft in air covering 100 runs air distance will cover.
233. Drift angle of an ac with higher TAS when compared to an ac with lower TAS under
similar wind conditions will be
a. More
b. Less
c. Same
TIME
a. Zone times
b. LMT of Greenwich meridian
235. An a/c files from 170° E to 170° W, eastwards the date will …….. & LMT will……..
237. Nautical twilight is said to exist when centre of sun is ……….. Degrees below the
horizon.
a. 1 to 6
b. 6 to 12
c. 12 to 18
a. Summer Solstice.
c. Perihelion.
d. Aphelion.
CP and PNR
242. On a flight on constant TAS a/c achieves faster stage timings, compare to plan
timings. The CP position will shift closer to
a. Destination
b. Place of departure
c. Remain same
a. Remain same.
b. Decrease
c. Increase
a. Normal TAS
b. Reduced TAS
c. normal/Reduced TAS
d. Reduced/Normal TAS.
247. If hwc changes to two by equal amount on outbound dPSR will and t I^R will
a. increase/increase
b. decrease/decrease
c. Remain same/decrease
d. Increase/remain same
d. Beam-wind conditions
250. Away from the equator the dist along parallel between two meridians at 1 degree diff
reduces at a rate
a. Sine of latitude
b. Cos of latitude
c. Sec pf latitude
b. IMPP.
c. Mercator
d. Polar stereographic
253. The segments of an airway reporting points on a Jeppesen chart are.
a. Rhumb lines
b. Great Circle.
c. Small circles.
254. Transverse mercator projection is best used on routes which extend considerable
distance.
a. In North/South direction.
a. Straight line
257. To pilot VOR true bearings on lamberts conformal, following correction is applied
b. Conversion angle.
c. Variation only
a. Lamberts conformal
b. Polar sereographic
c. Mercator
c. At pole.
d. At equator
a. Mercator - Zero
b. Polar stereographic - 1
a. Mercator - Zero
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