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Transfer Function 2
Transfer Function 2
C(s)
1. Find the transfer function
R(s)
G1 + G2
(A)
1 - (G1 + G2 )(G3 + G4 )
G1 + G2
(B)
1 + (G1 + G2 )(G3 - G4 )
G1G2
(C)
1 + G1G2G3G4
G1G2
(D)
1 - G1G2G3G4
2. An LTI system with input as r (t) =α u(t) produce response c (t) = (1 - e-2t )u(t) is cascaded
1 1
-t
with another system whose response is c (t) = 4e u(t) for input r (t) = βδ(t)
2 2
When these two system are connected in cascade the overall transfer function is
1 then the value of is _______
G (s)G (s) =
1 2 (s +1)(s + 2)
(A)4 (B)6
(C)2 (D)8
Y(s)
3. Consider the signal flow graph below. Obtain the closed loop transfer function using
R(s)
Y(s)
mason’s gain formula. =___________________
R(s)
4. The transfer function of LTI system whose output y(t) and input u(t) are related by the
t -3(t-τ)u(t)]dτ
following equations y(t) = [(2+(t - τ))e
0
2e-2s s+2
(a) (c)
s+3 (s+3)2
(d) 2s+72
2s+5
(c)
s+3 (s+3)
C(s)
5. Find the transfer function of the system shown below.
R(s)
Where G(s) is the V0 (s) of the circuit shown below as R=1 , C=1 F
V1 (s)
1
(a)
S
(b) 0
-1
(c)
S +1
-1
(d)
S
6.
(a) X = G2 Y = (1+G1 )
(b) X = G Y = G1
2
(c) X = G1 Y = G2
C
of the system is __________________
R
(a) 8 (b) 4
(c) 2 (d) none
C
is ________________.
R
12. Time domain information is not considered in block diagram representation of dynamic
system because
(a) Output cannot be directly obtained by multiplying the time domain input with the
impulse
response function
(b) It is difficult to get physical issues using time domain response
(c) It is difficult to give time domain input
(d) None of the above
14. Introduction of integral action in the forward path of a unity feedback system will result
in
(a) Marginally stable system.
(b) System with no steady state error
(c) System with better speed of response
(d) System with increased stability margin.
V0 (s)
15. In the electrical circuit shown below, The ratio of is
Vi (s)
2s
(a)
s 4s 2
2
(b) 2 s
s 2s 1
(c) 2 2s
2s 2s 1
(d) 2 s
s 3s 1
18. A forcing function (t 2 2 t)u(t 1) is applied to a linear system. The Laplace transform of
the forcing function is
2 s 2s 1 s2 s
(a) e (b) e
s3 s
1 1 2 s2
(c) es 2 e2s (d) 3 e s
s s s
19. For the given feedback system, the forward path does not affect the system output if KG
is
(a) Very small
(b) One
(c) Negative
(d) Very large
20. A control system with certain excitation is governed by the following mathematical
equation d x2 1 dx 1 x y . Where y is the input and x is the output. The sum of the time
2
dt 2 dt 18
constants of the response of the system is _______sec.
If the forward path gain is 400 and feedback gain is 0.05. The percentage change in closed
loop gain for 10% change in G is ________.
22. For the input to the system as 10sin t , the response obtained is 20cosωt . For input of
20cosωt the response would be
(a) - 40sinωt (b) 20sinωt
(c) 40sinωt (d) -20sinωt
180
(a) T (b) T
(c) T (d) 0
180
1 1
26. Unit step response of system is c(t) e t e2t for t>0 The transfer function of
2 2
system is
1 2(s 2)
(a) (b)
(s 1)(s 2) (s 1)
2(s 1) 2
(c) (d)
(s 2) (s 1)(s 2)
27. Consider the signal flow graph. The number of two non-touching loop pairs are ________
30. Match the list-I and with List-II by using corresponding alphabets and numbers
respectively.
A. Negative feedback 1. Applied only to LTI systems
B. Signal flow graph 2. Reduces the bandwidth
C. Feedback Block 3. Increase the bandwidth
D. Positive feedback 4. Highly sensitive to the parameter
variations in the block.
(a) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2 (b) A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
(c) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2 (d) A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
31. Two gain block with individual transfer functions G1 (S) and G2 (S) are connected in
cascade configuration and found that the block-1 is loaded by the block-2. The overall
transfer function is
Y2 (s)
(a) G1 (s)G2 (s) (b)
X 1 (s)
G1 (s) Y1 (s)
(c) (d)
G2 (s) X 1 (s)
32. The overall gain of the control system represented by the following signal flow graph
is________.
33. The sensitivity of overall transfer function T(S) against the variations in the feedback
function H(S) for a system represented by the following diagram at 2rad / sec ,
is__________%
34. The overall transfer function of a closed loop system with the following block diagram
representation is
(a)
1 G1G2 G 4 G5 G1G2G4G5 G1G3G4G6
1 G1G2 G4G5 G1G2G4G5
(b)
G7 G8 1 G1G2 G 4 G5 G1G2G4G5 G1G3G4G6
1 G1G2 G4G5 G1G2G4G5
(c)
G7 G8 1 G1G2 G 4 G5 G1G2G4G5 G1G3G4G6
1 G4G5 G1G2G4G5
(d)
1 G1G2 G 4 G5 G1G2G4G5 G1G3
1 G1G2 G6G5 G1G2G4G5
35. Find the overall transfer function of the system, whose block diagram is as shown in the
following figure.
Y (G2G4 G3G5 )
(c)
R 1 (G4 G5 )(1 G1H1 )(1 G6 ) (H3 H4 )G1G6 (G2G4 G3G 5 )
Y G1G6 (G2G4 G3G5 )
(d)
R 1 H2 (G4 G5 )(1 G1H1 )(1 G6 ) (H3 H4 )G1G6 (G2G4 G3G 5 )
G1 should be
2G 2G
(a) (b)
1 2G GH 1 2G 2GH
2G G
(c) (d)
1 G 2GH 1 G GH
7 3 1
37. The step response of a system is given as y 1 e t e2t e4t . If the transfer
3 2 6
(s a)
function of this system is then a+b+c+d is_____________.
(s b)(s c)(s d)
38. For an initially relaxed system, the input r(t) and output c(t) are related by the equation.
d2 c(t) dc(t)
5 6c(t) r(t) , then the impulse response at t=10 microsecond is
dt 2
dt
(a) 9.99 106 (b) 9.99 103
(c) 2 106 (d) 6 106
39. The overall transfer function of the signal flow graph shown in the figure below is:
40. The transfer function corresponding to the signal flow graph shown in the figure is
12s 12 12s 10
(a) (b)
5s2 4s 4s2 s
12(s2 s 1) s 10
(c) (d) 2
5s2 4s s 10s 2
44. Find transfer function of the figure below, using state flow graph.
G1G2 G3
(a)
1 G1G2H1 G3H1
G1G2
(b)
1 G1G2H1 G3H1
G3
(c)
1 G1G2H1 G3H1
G1G2 G3
(d)
1 G1G2H1 G3H1
45. The number of feedback loops and number of forward paths respectively are _________.
46. Which of the transfer function has multiple open loop poles?
1 1
(a) (b)
S2 S 2S 2
2
1
(c) (d) none
S2 2S 1
47. Calculate the transfer function for signal flow graph shown below.
(a) A
A
(b)
1B
A
(c)
1 B
(d) A+B
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d) a and c
4
52. Open loop transfer function is given by G(s)H(s) . The type of system is ________.
s (s 2)
2
53. For a first order control system, what is the time response for unit step input function?
t t
(a) c(t) 1 e T (b) c(t) t T t e T
t
1 Tt
(c) c(t) e (d) c(t) 1 e T
T
E(s)
54. Consider the block diagram shown below. Find out .
R(s)
s 1
G(s)= and H(s)=
s 2s 4 s
s2 6s 8
(a)
s2 6s 9
s
(b)
s 6s 8
2
s
(c)
s 6s 9
2
s2 6s 9
(d)
s2 6s 8
C(s)
55. Consider the block diagram shown below. Find out .
R(s)
s 1
G(s)= and H(s)=
s 2s 4 s
s2 6s 8
(a)
s2 6s 9
s
(b) 2
s 6s 8
s
(c) 2
s 6s 9
s2 6s 9
(d) 2
s 6s 8
1
(a) , 45 (b) , 90
2 0 0
57. Transfer function of a transportation lag is eST . If lag is small compared with time
constant of the system. It can be approximated by
2s 5
(a)
s 4s2 5s 2
3
2s2 6s 5
(b)
s3 4s2 5s 2
2s2 6s 5
(c)
s3 2s2 5s 2
3s2 5s 2
(d)
s3 2s2 5s 2
59. As shown in the figure below, find out the overall system gain in approximately.
(d) 1000 1%
C
60. ____________is the value of for the system given below, if G1 =5, G2 =8 and G3 =4, H1
R
=2.
(a) -2
(b) 6
(c) -6
(d) 2
62. The overall transfer function C/R of the system shown below will be
(a) G
G
(b)
1 H2H1 H2
G
(c)
(1 H1 )(1 H2 )
G
(d)
1 H1 H2H1
Solutions
1. Ans: (b)
Soluion: The block diagram after rearranging
C(s) G1 +G2
=
R(s) 1+(G1 +G2 )(G3 - G4 )
2. Ans: (d)
Solution:
1 1
C (s) -
1 = G (s) = s s+2
R (s) 1 1
1 α
s
2 1
G (s) =
1 α s+2
4
C2 (s) 4
= G2 (s) = s +1 =
R 2 (s) β β(s +1)
The overall transfer function of cascade configuration is
2 1 4 8
=
α s+2 β(s+1) αβ(s+1)(s+2)
1 8 1
By comparing with G1G2 = => =
(s+1)(s+2) αβ(s+1)(s+2) (s+1)(s+2)
αβ = 8
3. Ans: 0.83-0.84
Solution: Apply mason’s gain formula
Y(s) 4 1 +2 1 + 4 1
= = 0.833
R(s) 1- -1- 4 - 2- 4
4. Ans: (d)
-3tu(t)
Solution: y(t) = x(t) * u(t) where x(t) = (2+t)e
Y(s) 2 1 2s+7
= X(s) = + =
U(s) s+3 (s+3)2
(s+3)2
5. Ans: (d)
V
I
Solution: V = s = VI
A 1 S+1
1+
s
V - V VB - V0
B I+ =0
1 1
2VB - VI = V0
2V
I -V =V
s+1 I 0 VA - VB 0
1- S
V =V
I 1+S 0
V (s) 1 - s
0 =
V (s) 1+s
I
The overall transfer function is
G(s) 1- s
C G(s) 1-s 1-s -1
= s -1 = = s+1 = = =
R G(s) s -1+G(s) (1 - s) s2 -1+1 - s s(s -1) s
1+ (s -1)+
s -1 (s+1)
6. Ans: (a)
C
Solution: From block diagram is
R
Apply mason’s gain formula
C G G +G G G +G G (1+ G )
= 1 2 2 1 2 2 = 2 1
=
R 1-[-G - G G ] 1+ G + G G 1+ G (1+ G )
2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1
C XY
By comparing with =
R 1+ XY
X=G Y = (1+G1 )
2
7. Ans: (b)
8. Ans: (a)
9. Ans: (d)
Solution: Apply mason’s gain formula
C 24 6
R 1 (( 2)(2) ( 2)(4)) 13
13. Ans: 3
9 9
Solution: Range of ‘K’ for stability with the third loop becomes K i.e -3 < K < 3
3 3
Vo (s) s
Vi (s) s 3s 1
2
Thus, in order to reduce the effect of noise element the gain G1 (s) should be increased.
T K 1 sT
SKT = .
K T 1 K.K1 sT
2e s e s = 2 s e s
2
F(s)
s
3
s3 s
KG 1
C(s) R(s) R(s)
1 KGH 1
H
KG
R(s)
If KG>>1; then C(s)
H
20. Ans: 9
X(s) 1 18 6 6
Solution:
Y(s) s 1 18s 9s 1
2
1 1
s2 s s
2 18 6 3
1 t 1 t
T(t) 6(e 6 e 3 )
T1 T2 6 3 9sec
G
10% 0.1
G
T G 1
SGT
T G 1 GH
T 1
0.1 100 0.476%
T 21
2s 2s s 40.s2
L[response] T .F L[input] = L[20 cos t] = 20 2 =
s 2 (s2 2 )
put,s j ,
40
L[response]
s2 2
40
response L1 2
40 sin t
s
2
K = the value of for the path which is not touching the K th forward path we get
C G1G3 G2G3
R 1 G1 G1G3G4 G2G3G4
25. Ans: 3
Solution: There are 3 loops in the signal flow graph, they are 1 , cj and dek
Method 2
Differentiating c(t)
d
h(t) c(t) et e2t
dt
1 1 s 2 s 1 1
H(s)
(s 1) s 2 (s 1)(s 2) (s 1)(s 2)
27. Ans: 3
Solution: There are three non-touching loop pairs
“be” and “dg”, “be” and ”1” and “cf” and “1”
SHT =102%
Y G1G3G4 G6
G7 G8
X (1 G1G2 )(1 G4 G5 )
Y
G7 G8 1 G1G2 G 4 G5 G1G2G4G5 G1G3G4G6
X 1 G1G2 G4G5 G1G2G4G5
M can be represented by
37. Ans: 15
d
Solution: Impulse response =
dt
Step response
7 3 1
y 1 e t e2t e4t
3 2 6
dy 7 t 3 1
h(t) e ( 2)e2t ( 4)e4t
dt 3 2 6
Taking Laplace transform
73 3 23 (s 8)
TF
s 1 s 2 s 4 (s 1)(s 2)(s 4)
a b c d 15
Taking Laplace transform on both side, and making all initial conditions to zero.
s2C(s) 5sC(s) 6 C(s) R(s)
C(s) 1 1 1 1 1
2
R(s) s 5s 6 (s 2)(s 3) (s 2)(s 3) (s 2) (s 3)
g(t) e2t e3t u(t)
Impulse response at t 106
6
g(10 106 ) e21010 e31010
6
u(t)
g(t)= 9.99 106
42. Ans: 20
Solution: Apply mason’s gain formula
Forward path,
P1 2 1 3 4 24; 1 1
P2 2 1 2 4 16; 2 1
Loop gain,
L 1 1
1 L1 2
C P1 1 P2 2 24 16 40
20
R 2 2
1 L1 L2
1 G1G2H1 G3H1
1 1; 2 1
G1G2 G3
TF=
1 G1G2H1 G3H1
52. Ans: 2
Solution: Order : Total power of s; Type: Number of poles at origin
TF G 1 1
10 % 1%
TF G (1 GH) 9
1 1000
1000
Overall system gain= 100 1%
60. Ans: 4
Solution: Apply mason’s gain formula
Forward path
P1 G1G2 , P2 G3
Loop gain,
L1 G1H1
C G1G2 G3
R 1 G1H1
Given G1 =5, G2 =8, G3 =4, H1 =2.
C 4 8 5 44
4
R 1 2 5 11
2( 2 2 ) = 1 2
4 α - 4 = 1+α2
5
2 5 2.5
2
2. Ans: (b)
Solution: Apply mason’s gain formula
X3
X (1 + c) 1
3 X1 1[1 - [-c]]
=
= = =
X X 2 1[1 - [-b - c]+[bc]] (1 +b)(1 + c) 1 +b
2
X1
3. Ans: (c)
Solution: Apply mason’s gain formula
R(s)D(s)G(s)+ W(s)N(s)
Y(s) =
1 - D(s)G(s)H(s)
Y(s) N(s)
=
W(s) R(s)= 0 1-D(s)G(s)H(s)
4. Ans: (d)
Solution:
sC sC
H (s) = 1
and H2 (s) = 2
1
1 sC1R1
1 sC2R 2
1 1
E c sc s
4 = 1 2
E 1 1 1 1
1 R +R + + R +
1 c s 2 c s c s 2 c s
1 2 1 2
E (s)
4
It is not equal to = H (s)H (s)
E (s) 1 2
1
5. Ans: (a)
Solution: Apply mason’s gain formula
C 23 2[1 ( 2)]
R 1 [( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2)] [( 2)( 2)]
86 14
1.0769 1
1 8 4 13
6. Ans: 0.83-0.84
G
Solution: M
1 GH
M H GH 10(0.5) 5
SM
H 0.833
H M 1 GH 1 10(0.5) 6
7. Ans: (c)
1
Solution: C(s) 1 and R(s) (Given)
R(s) 1 sT s
1 1 1 1 1
C(s)
(1 sT) s 1 s 1
Ts s s
T T
Taking inverse Laplace Transform both side, we get
t
c(t) =(1 e T
)u(t)
8. Ans: (b)
Solution: d y2 3 dy 2y x(t)
2
dt dt
y(t) = (1 e 2e )u(t)
2t t
9. Ans: (b)
Solution: Apply mason’s gain formula
Forward path(P) and Loops(L) are
P1 G1G2G3 ; 1 1
P2 G1G2 ; 2 1
L1 G1G2G3H1H2
L 2 G2
L3 G1G2H2
L 4 G1G2H1H2
C G1G2 (1 G3 )
=
R 1 G2 G1G2H2 (1 H1 G3H1 )
P1 G1G2 ; 1 1
P2 G1 ; 2 1
L1 G1G2H1
L2 G2H2
L3 H2
G1 (1 G2 )
Also, T(s)
1 G1G2H1 (1 G2 )H2
1
For cascaded system H(s) H1 (s) H2 (s)
(S 3)(S 4)
R (2 3 5) 30
2.79
C 1 3 (2 3 0.5) (3 5 0.25) 10.75
2
Vo (s) 1 sRC 12 2 (RC)2 1 10 4 103 10 10 6 1.16
0.84
Vi (s) 1 2sRC 1.64
1 42 (RC)2
2
1 4 10 4 103 10 10 6