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Krok 1 Stomatology 2015
Krok 1 Stomatology 2015
A. N. ulnaris
B. N. radialis A. Cervical mucocytes of glands
C. N. medianus B. Parietal exocrinocytes of glands
D. N. musculocutaneus C. Principal exocrinocytes of glands
E. N. cutaneus antebrachii medialis D. Endocrinocytes
E. Mucocytes of the gland body
12. A 2-year-old child has congenital spastic
contraction of muscles on one side of neck, 18. Microscopic examination of a CNS body
that is torticollis. What muscle is affected? revealed the gray matter with three layers
of neurons, namely molecular, ganglionic
A. Sternocleidomastoid and granular layer. What are the neurons
B. Subcutaneous constituting the second layer?
C. Sternohyoid
D. Sternothyroid A. Piriform
E. Omohyoid B. Basket
C. Small stellate
13. Nucleoli of nuclei have been damaged D. Large stellate
due to tissue culture nuclear irradiation. E. Granule cells
Regeneration of the following organelles
becomes hampered in cytoplasm: 19. A histological preparation of lower jaw
shows dentin being formed. Collagen fibers
A. Ribosomes synthesized by odontoblasts are thin and
B. Lysosomes situated perpendicular to dentinal tubules.
C. Endoplasmic reticulum What fibers are being produced in dentin?
D. Microtubules
E. Golgi apparatus A. Tangential fibers
B. Radial fibers
14. A histological preparation shows organ, C. Parallel fibers
where lymphocytes form three types D. Sharpey’s fibers
of lymphoid structures: lymph nodules, E. Perforating fibers
medullary cords and lymphatic sinuses.
What organ is it? 20. Normal implantation of human embryo
is possible only if uterus endometri-
A. Lymph node um undergoes certain changes, with the
B. Spleen following type of endometrium cells
C. Thymus increasing in number:
D. Tonsil
E. Red bone marrow A. Decidual cells
B. Macrophages
15. An electron microphotograph of C. Endotheliocytes
duodenal epithelium clearly shows a cell D. Fibroblasts
with electron-dense granules in the basal E. Neurons
pole. What cell is it?
21. There is a large amount of effusion
A. Endocrine in the pericardial cavity of a patient wi-
B. Prismatic with a limbus th exudative pericarditis. What cells cause
C. Poorly differentiated such a phenomenon when their functional
D. Goblet activity is disrupted?
E. Parietal
A. Mesotheliocytes
16. As a result of a development anomaly a B. Fibroblasts
newborn has malformation of major sali- C. Working cardiac myocytes
vary glands. This anomaly is caused by D. Cardiac conduction cells
the damage of the following embryonal E. Endotheliocytes
structure:
22. Stimulation of the peripheral segment
A. Ectoderm of chorda tympani in an experimenal ani-
B. Splanchnotom mal resulted in the discharge of the followi-
C. Somites ng secretion from the parotid salivary fi-
D. Entoderm stula:
E. Mesenchyme
17. The effect of some harmful factors
caused focal damage to the gastric epi-
thelium. What cells are responsible for its
regeneration?
Krok 1 Stomatology 2015 3
cal for the following pathology: child to prevent asphyxiation. This operati-
on was caried out in the following neck tri-
A. Chronic lympholeukosis angle (trigonum):
B. Acute lympholeukosis
C. Lymphogranulomatosis A. Omotracheale
D. Infectious mononucleosis B. Caroticum
E. Chronic myeloleukosis C. Omoclaviculare
D. Submandibulare
73. A 67-year-old patient has atherosclerosis E. Omotrapezoideum
of cardiac and cerebral vessels. Exami-
nation revealed hyperlipidemia. What 78. A histological preparation of
class of blood plasma lipoproteids is most cerebellum transverse section shows large
important in atherosclerosis pathogenesis? number of multipolar neurons in the grey
matter. What morphological feature allows
A. Low-density lipoproteids to identify them as multipolar?
B. Chylomicrons
C. α-lipoproteids A. Number of cellular processes
D. High-density lipoproteids B. Length of cellular processes
E. - C. Shape of axon terminals
D. Shape of perikaryon
74. A 42-year-old patient with tetanus E. Cell size
developed an acute respiratory failure.
What type of respiratory failure occurs in 79. A patient is diagnosed with seborrheic
this case? dermatitis caused by vitamin H (biotin)
deficiency. Observed is activity disruption
A. Disregulatory impairment of alveolar of the following enzyme:
ventilation
B. Restrictive impairment of alveolar venti- A. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
lation B. Pyruvate decarboxylase
C. Obstructive impairment of alveolar C. Alcohol dehydrogenase
ventilation D. Aminotranspherases
D. Perfusion impairment E. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
E. Diffusion impairment
80. Human X chromosome contains a
75. A patient, who has been suffering from dominant gene that is reponsible for normal
severe injury of thorax, went into shock blood clotting. An autosomal dominant
followed by symptoms of acute renal fai- gene plays a similar role. Lack of any of
lure. What is the primary mechanism of these genes leads to the coagulation di-
acute renal failure development in this sorder. The form of interaction between
case? these genes is called:
A. Arterial pressure drop A. Complementarity
B. Disruption of urinary outflow B. Epistasis
C. Increase of pressure in glomerular C. Polymerism
capsule D. Codominance
D. Increase of pressure in renal arteries E. Pleiotropy
E. Decrease of oncotic blood pressure
81. A 56-year-old female patient is regi-
76. A histologic study of a red bone marrow strated in a psychoneurologic dispensary
puncture sample had been conducted in the due to her suffering from epilepsy, specifi-
course of examination of a 35-year-old pati- cally, minor attacks (pti mal). What drug is
ent, and significant megakaryocyte number most efficient in this case?
depletion was detected. What peripheral
blood changes will result from that? A. Sodium valproate
B. Phenobarbital
A. Thrombocytopenia C. Trihexyphenidyl
B. Leukocytosis D. Levodopa
C. Thrombocytosis E. Phenytoin
D. Agranulocytosis
E. Leukopenia 82. Glucose content of blood stays at suffi-
cient level after one week of starvation.
77. A 5-year-old child with diagnosis of di- Is it caused by activation of the following
phtheria has been hospitalised in severe process:
condition in a contagious isolation ward.
Tracheostomy had to be performed on the
Krok 1 Stomatology 2015 9
A. Dehydropholate reductase
B. Thiaminase A. Aphthous stomatitis
C. Deaminase B. Hypertrophic stomatitis
D. Pholate oxidase C. Herpetic stomatitis
E. Pholate decarboxylase D. Catarrhal gingivitis
E. -
123. A patient has secretory dysfunction
of the submandibular salivary galnd. Whi- 128. An irregular-shaped dense grey and
ch nerve is responsible for its vegetative white focus has appeared on the pati-
innervation? ent’s oral cavity mucosa, raising above
mucosa surface. The patient considers it
A. Сhorda tympani to be denture-caused damage of mucosa.
B. N.auriculotemporalis Microscopy has revealed the following:
C. N.mandibularis hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis,
D. N.petrosus major acanthosis of stratified epithelium of
E. N.petrosus minor mucosa; underlaying connective tissue
has lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. What
124. A patient complains of decreased abi- pathology is it?
lty to produce proper pressure with his
masticatory muscles. What method of study A. Leukoplakia
allows checking the patient’s complaint? B. Candidosis
C. Ichthyosis
A. Gnathodynamometry D. Syphilitic papula
B. Dynamometry E. Lupus erythematosus
C. Electromyography
D. Sphygmography 129. After restoration of maxllary incisors
E. Masticatiography with artificial crowns a 44-year-old female
was found to have a brownish overgrowth
125. A child is 6 years old. The permanent in form of a node of 15 mm in diameter.
teeth have started to take the place of the Histological study revealed that under
primary teeth. What teeth are the first to the stratified squamous epithelium of gi-
emerge? ngiva there was a connective tissue mass
A. Lower first molars with numerous sinusoidal vessels, oval-
B. Lower first premolars shaped mononuclear cells forming osteoid
C. Upper first premolars substance, and polynuclear giant cells that
D. Upper medial incisors destroyed the alveolar ridge of the upper
E. Lower canines jaw. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Glycemia rate can be assessed retrospecti- in increase of its body temperature. What
vely (4-8 weeks prior to examination) by substance of those named below acts as a
measuring concentration of the following secondary pyrogen that is a part of fever-
blood plasma protein: inducing mechanism?
A. Glycated hemoglobin A. Interleukin 1
B. Albumin B. Pseudomonas polysaccharide (Piromen)
C. Fibrinogen C. Histamine
D. C-reactive protein D. Bradykinin
E. Ceruloplasmin E. Immunoglobulin
143. When examining a patient with a suspi- 148. Phenylketonuria is a disease caused
cion of food toxicoinfection, a doctor on by a recessive gene that is localized in the
duty has detected symptoms characteristic autosome. The parents are heterozygous for
of botulism. The patient named the meals this gene. They already have two sons with
he had eaten the day before. What is the phenylketonuria and one healthy daughter.
most probable cause of infection? What is the probability that their fourth chi-
ld will have the disease too?
A. Homemade canned meat
B. Custard pastry from private bakery A. 25%
C. Sour cream from local dairy factory B. 0%
D. Strawberries from suburban vegetable C. 50%
garden D. 75%
E. Fried eggs E. 100%
144. A histological preparation of multi- 149. X-chromatin test of somatic cells
rooted tooth reveals polygonal cells with is used for quick diagnostics of heredi-
processes in the root bifurcation area. What tary diseases caused by variations of
cells and what dental tissues are characteri- sex chromosomes number. What is the
sed by these morphologic features? karyotype of a male, whose cells mostly
contain one X-chromatin body?
A. Cementocytes, cement
B. Odontoblasts, enamel A. 47, ХХY
C. Enameloblasts, enamel B. 45, Х0
D. Fibroblasts, pulp C. 46, ХY
E. Cementocytes, dentine D. 48, ХХХY
E. 49, ХХХХY
145. A 26-year-old woman at 40 weeks’
gestation was admitted to the maternity 150. A 32-year-old patient has B2 hypovi-
ward. Examination revealed that the cervix taminosis. The specific symptoms such as
was open, but uterine contractions were epithelial, mucosal, skin and corneal lesions
absent. The doctor gave her a hormonal are most likely to be caused by the defici-
drug to induce labor. Specify this drug: ency of:
A. Oxytocin A. Flavin coenzymes
B. Hydrocortisone B. Cytochrome a1
C. Estrone C. Cytochrome oxidase
D. Testosterone D. Cytochrome b
E. ACTH E. Cytochrome c
146. A patient consulted an immunologist 151. A female patient suffering from
about diarrhea, weight loss within several coronary artery disease has been prescri-
months, low-grade fever, enlarged lymph bed amiodarone that has antianginal acti-
nodes. The doctor suspected HIV infecti- on. What other action does this drug have?
on. What immunocompetent cells must be
studied in the first place? A. Antiarrhythmic
B. Analgesic
A. Helper T-lymphocytes C. Local anaesthetic
B. Suppressor T-lymphocytes D. Anti-inflammatory
C. B-lymphocytes E. Anti-shock
D. Monocytes
E. Plasma cells 152. In order to prevent massive
haemorrhage in the region of oral cavity
147. Pyrogenal administered to a rabbit, floor it is required to ligate an artery which
in the course of an experiment, resulted is located within Pirogov’s triangle. What
Krok 1 Stomatology 2015 16
A. Trophic
B. Motor A. Gamma-carboxyglutamic acid
C. Sensory B. Gamma-aminobutyric acid
D. Vegetative C. Gamma-oxybutyric acid
E. Higher nervous activity D. Hydroxyproline
E. Mono amino dicarboxylic acids
163. Diphtheria exotoxin had been treated
with 0,3-0,4% formalin and kept in a 168. Tooth temperature increases during its
thermostat for 30 days at a temperature of preparation due to dental borer friction,
40o C . What preparation was obtained as a which may cause painful sensations. What
result of these manipulations? is the threshold of teeth thermal sensitivity?
A. Anatoxin A. 51-60 0С
B. Antitoxin B. 41-50 0С
C. Diagnosticum C. 10-20 0С
D. Therapeutic serum D. 21-30 0С
E. Diagnostic serum E. 31-40 0С
164. A patient with acute cardiac failure 169. A patient suffering from pericardi-
has been taking cardiac glycoside drug for tis with rapid progression has developed
a long time. He has developed the followi- acute cardiac tamponade. What regulation
ng symptoms: nausea, fatigue, extrasystole. mechanism is most likely to compensate for
What is the cause of this symptoms? this pathology?
A. Material cumulation A. Tachycardia
B. Idiosyncrasy B. Heterometric
C. Acquired tolerance C. Homeometric
D. Functional cumulation D. Inotropic effect of catecholamines
E. Drug addiction E. Vasoconstriction
165. Preventive examination of a 55- 170. A patient with incised wound of
year-old patient revealed type II diabetes trapezius muscle has been referred to a
mellitus. An endocrinologist revealed traumatology department. What cervical
an increase in body weight and liver fascia forms sheath of this muscle?
enlargement. The man is non-smoker and
doesn’t abuse alcohol but likes to have a A. Lamina superficialis
good meal. Histological examination by B. Muscular part of lamina pretrachealis
means of diagnostic liver puncture revealed C. Visceral part of lamina pretrachealis
that the hepatocytes were enlarged mostly D. Lamina prevertebralis
on the lobule periphery, their cytoplasm E. Vagina carotica
had transparent vacuoles showing posi-
tive reaction with sudan III. What liver 171. A 64-year-old male patient died with
pathology was revealed? symptoms of acute cardiovascular failure.
Autopsy results: the section of the anterior
A. Fatty hepatosis wall of the left ventricle showed a yellowi-
B. Acute viral hepatitis sh flaccid 1,5-2 cm focus surrounded by
C. Chronic viral hepatitis a reddish rim. The convoluted coronary
D. Alcohol hepatitis arteries had lumen irregularly narrowed
E. Portal liver cirrhosis by 75%. The vessel intima was thickened,
dense, covered with whitish plaques,
166. Squamous part of temporal bone and crunched when cut. What disease can you
the artery situated on its inner surface have think of?
been damaged in the result of inflicted
gunshot wound. What artery is it? A. Acute myocardial infarction
B. Continuously recurrent myocardial
A. Middle collateral artery infarction
B. Middle temporal artery C. Postinfarction cardiosclerosis
C. Superficial temporal artery D. Microfocal cardiosclerosis
D. Anterior deep temporal artery E. Recurrent myocardial infarction
E. Posterior deep temporal artery
172. A 36-year-old patient underwent tooth
167. Activation of certain hemostasis extraction at a dental clinic. After two
system factors is done through calcium ions weeks the stratified squamous epithelium
attachment. What structural component regenerated at this site. What organelles
allows this attachment? were involved in the restoration of the
Krok 1 Stomatology 2015 18
mucous membrane?
A. Recurrent verrucous endocarditis
A. Ribosomes B. Acute verrucous endocarditis
B. Centrosomes C. Fibroplastic endocarditis
C. Postlysosomes D. Diffuse valvulitis
D. Smooth EPR E. Polypous-ulcerative endocarditis
E. Mitochondria
178. Autopsy of a dead 6-year-old child
173. A dentist has detected symptoms revealed a marked edema of the soft tissues
of parodontosis in a patient. What anti- of neck and enlarged tonsils. Pharyngeal
protozoal drug should be prescribed? mucosa was covered with numerous dense
whitish-yellow pellicles exposing deep
A. Metronidazole ulcers after their removal. Histological
B. Levamisole examination of the pharyngeal mucosa
C. Griseofulvin revealed necrosis of the upper epitheli-
D. Mykoseptin al layers, impregnation of the mucous
E. Furazolidone memrane with the fibrinous exudate and
moderate leukocyte infiltration. What
174. A 36-year-old patient had had a infectious disease caused the death of the
traumatic brain injury which caused a child?
swallowing impairment. Which part of
brain was affected? A. Diphtheria
B. Parainfluenza
A. Medulla oblongata C. Scarlet fever
B. Mesencephalon D. Whooping cough
C. Diencephalon E. Measles
D. Reticular formation
E. Thalamus 179. A patient was suffering from primary
tuberculosis 5 years ago. Radiography has
175. A 43-year-old patient has acute revealed a sharply marginated nodular
pancreatitis with concomitant disruption of shadow with diameter of 4 cm in the
common bile duct patency. What condition 2nd segment of the right lung. Focus was
can it result in? surgically removed. Histological study has
A. Mechanical jaundice revealed the following: the focus of caseous
B. Hemolytic jaundice necrosis surrounded by the thick capsule of
C. Hepatocellular jaundice connective tissue. What kind of secondary
D. Hepatic coma tuberculosis has occurred in patient?
E. Portal hypertension A. Tuberculoma
176. An inflammatory process in tissues is B. Acute cavernous tuberculosis
characterised by hyperemia and edema. C. Fibro-cavernous tuberculosis
What leukocytes situated in connecti- D. Caseous pneumonia
ve tissue provide for vasodilatation and E. Cirrhotic tuberculosis
increased blood vessel capacity under these 180. When examining the child’s oral cavity,
conditions? a dentist has noticed growth of the child’s
A. Basocytes first permanent canines. How old is the chi-
B. Neutrophils ld?
C. Eosinophils A. 13
D. T-lymphocytes B. 10
E. B-lymphocytes C. 9
177. Postmortem examination of a patient D. 7
with a long history of rheumatism revealed E. 6
thickening and shortening of the mitral 181. Calcification of dental tissues is signi-
valve leaflets with abundant thrombotic ficantly influenced by osteocalcin protein
deposits. Histological examination of the which has an ability to bind calcium ions
valve leaflets confirmed sclerosis and due to the presence of the following modi-
revealed multiple foci of connective tissue fied amino acid residues in the polypeptide
disorganization in form of mucoid and fi- chain:
brinoid swelling, as well as deendothelizati-
on foci. Endothelium defects were covered
with thrombotic deposits of 1-2 mm. What
type of valvular endocarditis is the case?
Krok 1 Stomatology 2015 19