Jurisprudence and Citations  The last Volume of the Philippine Report is Volume 126 I.

General Rules in Citing Cases

which covered April to June 1967.
A. Introduction to Jurisprudence and its sources  The Supreme Court took over with Vol. 127 (July 1967) A. Philippine Reports
onwards.
I. Case law and jurisprudence, defined. 1. Give the surname/family name of the party, the
4. Philippine Reports Reprint volume, title, and pages of reports, and the year of
Case law is the general term that refers to a great class of official promulgation in parentheses
literary manifestations of law made up of cases by persons and  Undertaken by the Lawyer’s Cooperative Publishing Co. 2. Abbreviate versus (vs.) or contra as (v.)
agencies of the government performing judicial and quasi-judicial  It covers the 74 original volumes of the Philippine 3. When used in text, underscore the title of the case (if
functions. Reports printed italicize)
4. Place the source or citation in the footnote
Jurisprudence are judicial precedents considered collectively1 5. Jurisprudencia Filipina
Example:
II. Categories of jurisprudence  Spanish edition of the Philippine Reports
Name of Case:
1. Conventional decisions – which refers to decisions VI. Unofficial Repositories of Supreme Court
made by regular courts of justice Decisions NATIVIDAD ARIAGA, petitioner
2. Subordinate decisions – decisions made in accordance vs.
with law, by administrative agencies and legislative 1. Philippine Decisions Elpidio Javellana, respondent
tribunals. 2. Philippine Reports Annotated
3. Supreme Court Reports Annotated (SCRA) Citation: Ariaga v. Javellana, 92 Phil. 330 (1952)
III. Examples of conventional decisions 4. Supreme Court Decisions (SCD)
5. Philippine Law and Jurisprudence (PHILAJUR) B. Advance Sheets
1. Decisions of the Supreme Court 6. Supreme Court Unpublished Decisions (SCUD)
2. Decisions of the Court of Appeals 7. Supreme Court Advance Decisions (SCAD) 1. Give the surname/family name of parties (italicized),
3. Decisions of the Sandiganbayan 8. Supreme Court Excerpts General Register no., specific date of promulgation
4. Decisions of the Court of Tax Appeals 9. Summary of Supreme Court Rulings 2. Abbreviate versus (vs.) or contra as (v.)
5. Decisions of the Regional Trial Courts 10. Citations: Excerpts of Supreme Court Decisions 3. Place the source or citation in the footnote
6. Decisions of other lower courts like the Metropolitan
Trial Court, Municipal Trial Court, Municipal Circuit Trial VII. Publications of the Court of Appeals Example:
Court and Municipal Trial Courts in Cities
1. Appellate Courts Report Name of Case:
IV. Examples of subordinate decisions 2. Advance Sheets
3. Official Gazette AGAN et. al, petitioner
1. Decisions of the Senate Electoral Tribunal 4. Court of Appeals Reports vs.
2. Decisions of the House of Representatives Electoral 5. Court of Appeals Reports Annotated PLATCO et. al., respondent
Tribunal
3. Decisions of Administrative agencies exercising quasi- VIII. Publications for Court of Tax Appeals Decisions Citation: Agan, et. al. v. PLATCO et. al., G.R. No. 155001, May 5,
judicial functions 2003.
1. Court of Tax Appeals Digest of Customs and Real
V. Official Repositories of Supreme Court Decisions Property Tax Cases (1973) C. Consolidated Cases
2. Court of Tax Appeals Digest of Internal Revenue Code
1. Advance Sheets – in mimeograph form (1971) 1. Use the surname/family name of the parties in the first
2. Official Gazette case only (italicized), volume, tile and pages of reports,
3. Philippine Reports IX. Decisions of the RTC and other lower courts and year of promulgation in parentheses.
2. Abbreviate versus (vs.) or contra as (v.)
 Started on August 8, 1901 until October 31, 1937 (74  The decisions of the RTC and other lower courts have Example:
volumes) not been published in official reports or in books of
 It stopped its publication due to the Japanese secondary authority BIENVENIDO A. EBARLE, et. al., petitioner
Occupation.  In order to secure a copy of decisions from this court, vs.
 It presumed printing Volume 74 to 110 which covers one has to request from their respective sala. HON. JUDGE MELQUIADES B. SUCALDITO, et. al., respondents
decisions from November 23, 1960 to January 31,
1961. xxxxxxx
B. Citations of Jurisprudence
1
Black’s Law Dictionary BIENVENIDO A. EBARLE, petitioner
vs. iii. However, if the word to be 1. Cite case names beginning with procedural terms like
HON. JUDGE ASAALI S. ISAANI, et. al. abbreviated is the first name, it ex parte, ex rel and in re as they appear in the decisions
should not be abbreviated
Citation: Ebarle v. Sucaldito, 156 SCRA 803 (1987) iv. Follow the general rules in Examples:
citation
D. Exceptions to the General Rule  Ex parte Milligan
Examples:  In re Garcia
a. Citing Islamic and Chinese names  U.S. ex rel. Greathouse v. Smith
 Allied Workers Association of the Philippines v. Republic
i. Islamic and Chinese names Trading Corporation or Allied Workers Ass’n of the II. Citing Supreme Court Decisions
should be in full and not merely Philippines v. Republic Trading Corp.
the surname  Mata v. Rita Legarda, Incorporated or Mata v. Rita A. Decisions from the Philippine Reports
ii. Follow the same rules of citation Legarda, Inc.
in the general rule Citation: Name of case, Volume Phil. Page (year)
E. Citing Criminal Cases
Example: Example: Diaz v. Estrera, 78 Phil. 637 (1947)
1. In citing criminal cases, the adverse party is the State
CHI MING TSOI, petitioner and not the victim and the respondent is the accused B. Decisions from the Official Gazette
vs. 2. Follow the general rules in citation
COURT OF APPEALS, et. al. Citation: Name of case, G.R. No., date of promulgation, Volume
Citation: O.G. Page (Month and Date of issue)
Citation: Chi Ming Tsoi v. Court of Appeals, 266 SCRA 324 (1997)
 Government v. name of accused Example: Espiritu v. Rivera, G.R. No. 17992, September 30, 1963,
Other examples:  Commonwealth v. name of accused 62 O.G. 7226 (Oct., 1966)
 Republic v. name of accused
 Liam Sian Tek v. Ladislao not Lim v. Ladislao  U.S. v. name of accused
 Una Kibad v. Commission on Elections not Kibad v.  People v. name of accused C. Administrative cases against attorney-at-law
Commission on Elections
Examples: Citation: Name of case, G.R. Admin. Case No., date of
b. Compound names promulgation
 Government v. Abadinas
i. Compound names should be  Commonwealth v. Corominas Example: In re Mallare, G.R. Admin No. 533, April 29, 1968
cited in full  Republic v. Carpin
ii. Follow the same rules of citation  U.S. v. Jaranilla D. Administrative cases against judges
in the general rule  People v. Santos
Citation: Name of case, G.R. No. Case/Admin No., date of
Examples: F. Citation of cases involving public officers and offices promulgation

 People v. De la Cruz not People v. Cruz de la
 Abad Santos v. Auditor General not Santos v. Auditor
General
 Galeos-Veldehuesa v. Republic not Valdeheuza v.
Republic
Examples
c. Rules on corporations, associations,
business firms and partnerships
i. The name of corporations,
associations, business firms and
partnerships should be in full
ii. As a general rule, words forming
part of such name may be
abbreviated
1. When the person is named in his official capacity, give
the name of the person only
2. Where the office is names, give the complete name of
the office
 City of Manila v. Subido not City of Manila v. Subido, in
his capacity as Civil Service Commissioner
 Collector of Internal Revenue v. Tan Eng Hong
 Chief of the Philippine Constabulary v. Sabungan
Bagong Silangan
 Board of Election Inspectors of Tolosa v. Piccio
 Civil Liberties Union v. Executive Secretary
G. Citation of cases with procedural terms
Example: Secretary of Justice v. Catolico, G.R. Adm. Case No. 203-J
& Adm. Matter No. 625-CFI, November 18, 1975
III. Citing Court of Appeals Decisions
A. Appellate Court Reports
Citation: Name of case, Volume C.A. Rep. page (year)
Example: Chunaco v. Singh, 8 C.A. Rep. 488 (1947)
B. Court of Appeals Reports, second series
Citation: Name of case, Volume C.A. Rep 2d page (year)
Example: Flores v. Valpena, 2 C.A. Rep. 2d 64 (1962)
C. Court of Appeals General Register

Citation: Name of case, C.A.-G.R. No. _____ -R, CV, CR or SP, date
of promulgation
Example: Caliboso v. Bueno, C.A.-G.R. No. 20401-R, April 8, 1960
Citation: Name of case, MCTC or MTC (place) Crim. Case No.
______, date of promulgation
Example: People v. Soliven, MCTC (Paoay-Currimao Ilocos Norte)
Crim. Case No. 992-C, November 11, 1983

D. Official Gazette IX. Citation of Shari’ah District Courts and Shari’ah

Citation: Name of case, C.A.-SP or CR or CV No. ______, date of
promulgation, volume O.G. page (month and year of issue)
Example: Manila Electric Co. v. Allarde, C.A.-SP No. 11850, May
15, 1987, 868 O.G. 3447 (May, 1990)
Circuit Courts
Citation: Name of case, Shari’ah Dist./Circ. Ct. (place), date of
promulgation
Example: Al-Awadhi v. Rulona, Shari’ah Dist. Ct. (Marawi City)
Special Proceedings No. 011-87, September 15, 1988

IV. Citation of Sandiganbayan Cases

X. Citation of Administrative Decisions
Citation: Name of case, Sandiganbayan Crim. Case No.______,
date of promulgation, Volume Sandiganbayan, Rep. Page (year of Citation: Name of the case, name of the agency (abbreviation or
issue) acronym), case number, date of promulgation

Example: People v. Sabarre, Sandiganbayan Crim. Case No. 001, Example: Tinio v. Dizon, DENR Case No. 2734, April 24, 1967
December 12, 1979, 1 Sandiganbayan, Rep. 305 (1979)
In re Colorado, CSC Adm. Case No. R-27182
V. Citation of Court of Tax Appeals Cases

Citation: Name of case, CTA Case No. _______, Date of Sources:

promulgation
Santos, Antonio M., Basic Information for Legal Research in the
Example: Abad v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, CTA Case. Philippines.
No. 717, June 4, 1963
Santo-Ong, Milagros. UPDATE: Philippine Legal Research
VI. Citation of Regional Trial Court Decisions
University of Sto. Tomas Law Review Style
Citation: Name of case, RTC (Place and Branch No.), Crim. Case or
SP No. R-________, date of promulgation

Example: People v. Johnson, RTC (San Jose, Occidental Mindoro,

Br. 45) Crim. Case R-1681, August 6, 1984

In re Morales, RTC (Dagupan City, Br. 43), SP-2472,

December 7, 1989

VII. Citation of Metropolitan Trial Court Decisions

Citation: Name of case, MeTC (Place and Branch No.) Civil or

Criminal Case No. ______, Date of Promulgation

Example: Shell Distribution Co., Inc. v. Balmaceda, MeTC (Manila,

Branch 10) Civil Case No. 59963, July 20, 1982

VIII. Citation of Municipal Trial Courts and Municipal

Circuit Trial Courts