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Thermal Properties of Matter: Long Questions & Answers
Thermal Properties of Matter: Long Questions & Answers
Thermal Properties of Matter: Long Questions & Answers
Chapter#8.
When water is taken in a dish then after sometime it disappear. During this process, the
fast moving atoms of liquid leave the surface of liquids. In this way all moving molecules
escape from surface.
Following are the factors on which evaporation is depend :
Temperature :
The larger is temperature of liquids, the faster is evaporation. In summer, wet clothes dry
up move quickly than in winter.
Surface Area :
The larger area of surface of liquid, the greater is change for the fast moving molecules
to escape. So, evaporation becomes rapid.
Wind :
The Wind blowing over the surface of liquid sweeps out of the vapours. This increases
the chance for other molecules of liquid to escape. Hence, evaporation increases.
Nature of Liquid :
It is experimentally confirmed that rate of evaporation is faster in case of spirit as
compared with water. So, evaporation depends on nature of liquid.
∆L ∝ L∘
∆L∝ ∆T
So, ∆L ∝ L∘∆T
∆L = α L∘∆T where, ∆L =L - L∘
L - L∘ = α L∘∆T
L = α L∘∆T + L∘
L = L∘ ( α ∆T + 1 )
Or. α = L - L∘
L∘∆T
“α “ is called coefficient of linear thermal expansion and defined as :
“ Fractional change in length per Kelvin change of temperature.” It’s SI unit is “ K “.
V∘ = changed volume
V - V∘ = ∆V = change in volume
T = changed temperature
T∘ = original temperature
∆T = change in temperature
It is experimentally observed that change in volume is directly proportional to original
volume and change in temperature.
∆V ∝ V∘
∆V ∝ ∆T
∆V ∝ V∘ ∆T
So, ∆V = V∘ β ∆T
Where, β is called coefficient of volume thermal expansion.
3
β= ∆V
V∘ ∆T
It is defined as : “ Fractional change in volume per kelvin change of temperature is called coefficient of
volume expansion.”
4. What is thermometer?
Answer : A device that is used to measure the temperature of a body is called
thermometer.
Answer : The quantity of heat that changes unit mass of a liquid completely into gas
as its boiling point without any change in its temperature is called latent heat of
vaporization.
H = ∆Q
m
∆Q = m H