Thesis Group 2

0
EXTENT OF HEALTH CONCERN AMONG MIDDLE-AGED MEN INMATES

OF TERESA BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT
AND PENOLOGY REGION IV-A
An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to

the Faculty of College of Nursing
University of Rizal System
Taytay, Rizal
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
VIA L. ANDRES
ANGELA NICOLE O. BAILIO
ROBERTO E. GARCIA JR.
CRIGEL JANE R. JAMIG
October 2018
1
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter presents the background of the study and purpose of the study,
theoretical and conceptual framework, statement of the problem, hypothesis, scope
and limitation, significance of the study and the definition of terms.
Introduction
Life in prison can change any one, but it can be particularly hard for people
whose bodies and minds are being whittled away by age. Some, inmates in prison
today entered when they were young or middle-aged, others, committed crimes
when they were already along in years. Those who have lengthy, as many do, are
not likely to leave prison before they are aged and infirm.
These are several health problems confronting inmates incarcerated in the jail
is lack of attention to the health problems and health needs of the inmates inside the
jail which increases the rate of inmates having poor quality of health. Providing health
care in jails is a necessary to prevent the wide spread of illnesses.
Fabio Voller et al., (2016) concluded that a large number of detainees were
affected by several chronic conditions such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes
mellitus, with an unusually high prevalence for such a young population. Therefore,
a series preventive measures is the entire care process and improve the health and
living of prisoners.1
2
According to Watson et al., (2004) point out in opposition to members of the
wide variety society are shoddier off as they frequently bring a range of health
glitches in prison and are also in danger from a number of health problems while in
prison.2
In conformity of Newton Kendig, (2013) he noted that jails provide a strategic
public health opportunity to screen and diagnose infectious diseases among persons
who often evade traditional health care systems and yet are at high risk for illnesses,
such as HIV infection and viral hepatitis, and prisons provide an opportunity to
diagnose and treat chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, addiction and
mental illness among persons who frequently have not sought or had access to
treatments prior to incarceration.3
As stated by Sen. Leila de Lima, (2018) wants to integrate the management of
the country’s jail and prison facilities under one agency to provide better
rehabilitation programs for all detainees and prisoners. She stated that severe
congestion is also a root of cause of prison based criminality. She mentioned
problems that lead to prisons criminality maltreatment of inmates, official misconduct
cruelty and incompetence of some personnel manning jail and correctional facilities.
The perennial congestion problem of the country’s prison and jails has resulted
in other related problems, such as jail disturbances, escapes, substandard living and
working conditions poor sanitation and other infectious diseases.4
In this study, the researchers aimed to determine the nutrition, hygiene and
activities of daily living of the inmates and how it affects their health. Further, their
3
physical condition, emotional and social health will assessed in terms of their health
concerns. It is the genuine purpose of the study to help the prisoners to improve their
health and to identify whether they are satisfied to the basic health and wellness
needs services provided by the BJMP.
Background of the Study
The purpose of the Optional Protocol is to prevent torture and other cruelties,
human or degrading treatment of punishment. The objective of these visits is to
prevent torture and improve the conditions of prisoner detention center. Having to
fight for air and space 24 hours a day make prison, in the words of inmates a living
death. Overcrowding is the one that common problems inside the jail. Since the
Philippines have no access agency concerning the health problems of prisoners.
Overcrowding as stated is dangerous to health and to human life. It breeds diseases,
breakdown disciplines and exacerbates tensions. (https://www.preda.org/media/)5
Overcrowding in prisons is a common problems that affects many countries.
But prison overcrowding also has other effect on the health and well-being of the
people living in these conditions and may also adversely affect public health and the
prison system. It can increase the prevalence of diseases, particularly infectious and
psychiatric disorders. It may also hinder the work of social rehabilitation and lead to
in human, cruel degrading treatment. (https://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/sanipe)6
Further, penitentiary overcrowding or overpopulation can have consequences
in the physical health of persons. The increase in physical contact, the lack of
ventilation and light, as well as a shortage of time spent outdoors favours disease
4
propagation, essentially infectious and parasitic diseases. (https://scielo.isciii./pdf/)7
Another side effect of over population is passive smoking. In recent article on
cardiovascular risk factors among inmates, a 78.8% smoking prevalence was
observed among inmates in Castellon. Overcrowding can cause behavioural
disorders and affect the psychological health of persons. (https://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/)8
Prison Insider (2017) claims that, prisons are seriously overpopulated. They
have the highest occupation rate in Asia. Overcrowding, lack of ventilation of drinking
water lead to spread of diseases. This can be visible to the scenario which occurred
on July 2016, wherein, a cholera epidemic broke out which resulted to the death of
the prisoners due to tuberculosis and other respiratory diseases.9
Imprisonment is one of the most common mode of punishment however we
are not aware on how difficult the life is inside the jail there are different kinds of
people, different kind of cases they are facing, but they are living in just one place.
We don’t have any idea on what situation they are going inside, is imprisonment will
resulted them for a better life or it will affect their own personality as an individual.
Additionally, not only overcrowded that inmates faces inside the jail but also
their physiological needs that really needs. Most of inmates has no family or never
been visited of their family, so they rely to the food they give inside the jail.
In the Philippines, the right to food of prisoners is embodied in the guidelines
of the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP and the Bureau of
Corrections BuCor) (www.google.com.ph.)10

5
According to the Inmates Orientation Sheet of the BJMP, the right to adequate
food is in accordance to the Prisoner Subsistence Allowance (PSA). Meanwhile,
Republic Act No. 10575 or the Bureau of Corrections Act of 2013 mandates that the
safekeeping of inmates shall include decent provision of quarters, food, water and
clothing in compliance with established United Nations Standards.
In the Study of Pinggang Pinoy, the daily food guide developed by the food and
nutrition said that a nutritious meal consists of one cup of rice, one cup of vegetables,
one portion of meat and one fruit.
In 2009, Preda Foundation, Inc. Studied prisoners are still endowed with the
same basic rights for human rights in common parlance are rights inherent in the
nature of every individual without which we cannot live as a human being. All
accommodation shall meet all requirements of health with due regard to climactic
conditions particularly to cubic content of air, minimum floor space, lighting and
ventilation. The most common problem of prisoners was the insufficiency or lack of
food provision due to the delay in release of food and another major problem inmates
have easily acquire different kind of diseases.11
Most of the inmates do not receive the basic necessities that each of them
needs in order to survive their daily living.
Every human has their own right but not everyone have the access to medical
services. Life outside is very convenient to acquire the most specific medical
services, but the prisoners does not their enough rights to have the medical attention
they needed. From a normal individual perceptions, the prisoners should be provided
6
consistent and enough medical care in order to meet their human rights which is a
complete medical care.
Based on World Health Organization strongly recommend that prison and
public health care is closely linked. (WHO) One method of ensuring that prisoner
have access to an appropriate quality of health care is by providing close links
between prisons administered health services and public health. The organization of
prison health care must be directed to improving the quality of health care provided
to prisoners.12
As cited by Joseph E. Paris, (2008) there are fundamental ethical reasons why
prisoners should be given medical care. They very poor, the aged and the disabled
are generally provided with assistance in the form of federal and state medical care
program. Proper care helps to preserve their function which make it possible for
inmates integrating into society to embark or productive activities and avoid
becoming burden to all.13
Provision occurs in an environment that poses unique challenges for all
involved, from detention officers who must decide whether they are witnessing a true
medical emergency to the jail health care providers who must constantly strike the
balance between protecting their patient privacy and protecting their own safety.
Government should give preferential needs to the health condition of the jail
officers and prisoners, across the Philippines. Government should focus to the health
condition of the jail officers, every officers that enter the facility wear medical mask
which means they are not really satisfy on their health facilities. To every jail in the
7
Philippines improve the level of safety for jail officers during duties and additional
funds to provide and construct more health inside the jail for the health problems of
inmates, so they can be quantified safety if they are suffering any illnesses.
In 2017, Narag asserts that current prison management models strictly prohibit
inmates from assisting with prison administration or governance. This is feasible in
developed countries where governments can provide adequate resources, security
and personnel. It is not, however realistic in developing countries like which is
characterized by poverty, corruption and under resourcing of correctional and
facilities.14
As stated by Christopher Wildeman, he suggested that correctional facilities
may present a unique opportunity to provide these individuals with at least some
medical care that they haven’t gotten.
In addition to, Western Harvard University, states that prisons are coming to
function as a massive organ of delivery of public health who are involved in the
criminal justice system.
The State Laws also requires the country to pay the cost of medical services
unless the inmates has third party insurance. If the inmates has such insurance and
it has not terminated upon incarceration. The law requires the emergency medical
services provider to bill the insurer first and makes the country liable for any costs
that are not reimbursed by the insurer. It also permits the country to attempt to
recover those cost from the inmates. (https://washington.D.:Bureauofjustice)15

8
Additionally, everyone with stake in the country jail would be wise to learn more
about local inmate health care needs and the country’s legal duties for jail medical
care, and to consider how the country can meet those obligations in a way that is
both fiscally responsible and protective of public health and safety.
(https://isciii.es.pdf/sanipe)16
A continuing challenges in public health is to get services to the people who
need them the most who are hardest to reach. Yet it is sad reality of life that, at any
one time a high proportion of those with multiple health problems are incarcerated in
the prisons of each country. They are certainly reachable, for a certain period at
least.
Whatever the underlying rationale, the bottom line is clear. Countries that
operates jails must provide inmates medical care and are probably going to pay most
of the costs of it. Furthermore, fail to provide adequate care could result not only in
adverse health consequences for inmates but in liability for the country.
In conformity of Nelson Mandella, that no one knows a nation until one has
been inside its jail. What will the food system inside prison and jails.
The study was conducted by the researchers in order to determine the extent
of health concern of male inmates. The middle-aged men inmates are the
respondents of this study. The researchers used the variables to know the health of
inmates.
9
Purpose of the Study
The researchers aimed to provide insights that will enhance the health of the
prisoners in terms of the basic health and wellness needs. It also seeks to determine
the things that affects the health conditions.
Theoretical Framework
The study was anchored on the theory of Helbert Dunn, the high level of
wellness.
According to Helbert Dunn, it forms of different dimensions such as physical,
social, and emotional. He confide the importance of finding personal satisfactions
and a sense of purpose in life. He distinguished between good health-being ill and
he described the interconnections between body, mind, spirit, and explained how
health is more than the absence of illness
Additionally, we used this theory to figure out the extent of health concern to
support the variables that we used. In terms of their physical, emotional and social,
inmates need to improve their health even though they are incarcerated for at several
years. The researchers used the theory of Helbert Dunn because he asserted the
importance of personal satisfaction and the sense of our life.
The second theory, used was the Environmental Theory by Florence
Nightingale.
This theory, She defined the act of utilizing the environment of the patient and
the correlation between patient and environment. This theory has different concepts
that includes the personal cleanliness or hygiene, nutrition or food taking, chattering
10
hopes and advices for the emotional status of an individual and lastly the social
needs.
The third theory used was 21 Nursing Problems by Faye Glenn Abdellah.
Third theory states that the focus of nursing from disease centered to patient
centered and began to include the care of families and elderly in nursing care. She
defined nursing as a service to individuals and families and identified 21 nursing
problems categorized by Physical, Social, and Emotional. In this theory she has
various idea which consists the promotion of good hygiene, exercise, the role of
social problems as influencing factors in the cause of illness and facilitate the
maintenance of nutrition of all body cells. She stated this concepts to meet the
patient needs and increases or restore self-help ability.
The researchers used the stated theories in order to determine the extent of
health concern of middle-aged men inmates of Teresa Bureau of Jail Management
and Penology Region IV-A.

11
Conceptual Framework
Input Process Output
1. Profile of Respondents
a. Age
b. Civil Status  Distribution of
c. Health Status
Questionnaire
d. Number of years
incarcerated Checklist to the
2. Basic Health and Determine the Extent
Wellness Needs of Middle-
middle-aged of Health Concern to
the Middle-Aged Men
Aged Men Inmates
men inmates of Inmates of Teresa
a. Nutrition BJMP.
b. Hygiene Teresa BJMP.
Creation of an Action
c. Activities of daily Plan based on the
 Tallying
living findings of the study
3. Extent of Health Concern  Analysis in
a. Physical
Condition identification
b.Emotional
using statistical
Condition
c. Social Health treatment
FEEDBACK
Figure 1
Figure 1
Conceptual Model of the Study
Figure 1 presents the paradigm of the study, which serves as the central idea
of the research. This illustrates the whole content of the study for the readers better
understanding and grasping of information.

12
Conceptual Framework
The study used the Input-Process-Output model.
The first frame is the input which is divided into three category: the first is the
profile of the respondents which includes age, civil status, health status and number
of years incarcerated. Second, is the Basic Health and Wellness needs which
includes nutrition, hygiene and activities of daily living. Third, is the Extent of Health
Concern, it includes physical condition, emotional condition and social health.
The second frame is the process which includes the distribution of
questionnaire-checklist to the middle aged men inmates, tallying and analysis in
identification using statistical treatment.
The third frame is the output which includes the outcome of the study and
proposal of an action plan based on the findings of the study.
The arrow stands for the feedback. It presents the flow of the conceptualized
ideas of the study and proves the success of the research work.
13
Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to determine the extent of health concern among the middle-
aged men inmates incarcerated in a Jail of Teresa Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology Region IV-A.
Specifically, the study sought to answer the following questions:
1. What is the profile of the middle-aged men inmates in terms of:
1.1 age;
1.2 civil status;
1.3 health status; and
1.4 number of years incarcerated?
2. How are basic health and wellness needs of male inmates provided by Teresa
BJMP in terms of:
2.1 nutrition;
2.2 hygiene; and
2.3 activities of daily living?
3. What is the Extent of Health Concern of middle-aged men inmates with respect
to:
3.1 physical condition;
3.2 emotional condition; and
3.3 social health?

14
4. Is there a significant relationship between basic health and wellness needs
and extent of health concern?
5. Is there a significant difference on the extent of health concern among the
middle-aged men inmates with respect to the profile of the respondents in terms of
undermentioned variables?
Hypothesis
1. There is a significant relationship between Basic Health and Wellness needs
and Extent of Health Concern of middle-aged men inmates.
2. There is no significant difference on the extent of health concern among
middle-aged men inmates with respect to the profile of the respondents in terms of
undermentioned variables.
Scope and Limitations
The subjects of the study were limited to the middle-aged men inmates who
are 40-60 years old who are incarcerated in the Jail of Teresa for at least several
years and were given a consent from the interview.
The study aimed to determine the health concern of the middle-aged men
inmates incarcerated at Teresa Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region
IV-A.
The subject from the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A
(Teresa, Rizal) were classified by age, civil status, health status, and number of
years incarcerated.
15
This was conducted during the Academic Year 2017-2018. The gathering of
data in the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A (Teresa, Rizal)
was facilitated.
The subjects of the study were selected based on the knowledge about the
population and it was a good place to conduct the study because of a wide variety
of middle-aged men inmates can be found.
The researchers ensured the confidentiality of the information and will be used
for research purposes only.
Significance of the Study
The outcome of the study would contribute to the following:
Middle-Aged Men Inmates. This study will help for the better understanding
of inmates on how important health is even though they are incarcerated, and this
will also enrich their knowledge about the changes of their physical attributes and
their lifestyle.
Nursing Students. This will help the nursing students to improve their caring
on different clients. As a nursing student we should be aware of the health condition
of our clients. In this study not only in the hospital we should practice our knowledge
and but also outside like in jail, because we are aware that they lack of medical
attention. And also this will create awareness on current health status of the inmates
and awaken their interest to further conduct similar study.

16
Jail Staff. This study will help the jail staff for greater understanding the
condition of the inmates and will be equipped on how to properly monitor the
inmates.
Future Researchers. This study will benefit the future researchers by
providing additional information about the physical, healthy lifestyle of the inmates
and conduct health teaching to inmates and to collect additional data information
about the health conditions of inmates inside the jail.

17
Definition of Terms
For better understanding of the study, the following terms are conceptually and
operationally defined:
Activities of daily living. Operationally, defined as health care matter
provided by the Teresa BJMP inmates for self-care daily activities.
Emotional Condition. Operationally, defined as expressive emotions and
arousing emotion of male inmates at Teresa BJMP.
Health and Wellness Needs. Operationally, defined as functional level and
metabolic efficiency, and is an active process of becoming aware and of making
choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life with includes Nutrition, Hygiene, and
Activities of daily living.
Health Concern. Operationally, defined as health related matter that is of
interest, importance or worry to the middle aged inmates of Teresa Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology with includes Physical Condition, Emotional Condition,
and Social Health.
Hygiene. Operationally, defined as a material provide as well as set of
practices by Teresa BJMP to preserve health.
Inmates. Conceptually, (also known as a prisoner) is a person who is deprived
of liberty against his/her will. (www.com.google/inmates)17
Middle Aged Men. Operationally, is a middle age between 40-60.

18
Nutrition. Operationally, defined as the type of diet provided by Teresa BJMP
for the middle age inmates.
Physical Condition. Operationally, defined as a state of well-being or bodily
functions desired by the middle age inmates.
Social Health. Operationally, defined as an ability to form satisfying
interpersonal relationships with others as wanted by Teresa BJMP inmates.

19
Notes
1Fabio Voller et al., (2016) “Health Conditions of Inmates in Italy”, From

https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/, (March 12, 2018)
2Watson et al., (2004) “Prison Health Care: A Review to literature”, From

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8917295_Prison_healthcare, (March 12,
2018)
3Federal Bureau of Prisons, (2013) “Impact of Incarceration on Health” From

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK201966/ (March 13, 2018)
4Bernadette E. Tamayo, (2018) “de Lima Seek Integrated Jail Prison

Management” From www.manilatimes.net (March 13, 2108)
5OPCAT Report, (2010) “The Condition of Philippine Prisons and Jails”, From
https://www.preda.org/media/research-documents/the-condition-of-philippine-
prisons-and-jails/, (March 12, 2018)
6Vieira AA et al., (2010) “Effects on Overcrowding in the Physical Health of

Person”, From http://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/sanipe/v14n3/en_06_revision2.pdf, (March
12, 2018)
7Garcia, Guerrero J1 A, Marco, (2012) “Overcrowding in prisons and its Impact

on Health” (pp.106), From https://scielo.isciii.es/pdfsanipe/v14n3/en_06.pdf, (March
12, 2018)
8Minguez C. Vera et al., (2011) “Effects on overcrowding in the physical health

of persons”, From http://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/sanipe/v14n3/en_06.pdf, (March 12,
2018)
9Prison Insider, (2017) “Prisons in Philippines” From www.prison-insider.com,

(March 13, 2018)
10Jodesz Gavilan, (2015) “Looking into the Food System of PH inmates”, From
www.com.ph.google, (March 13, 2018)
20
11Preda Foundation, Inc. (2009) “The Situaton of the Philippines

Penitentiaries”, From www.preda.org, (March 12. 2018)
12World Health Organizational From http://www.euro.who.iny/data/assets/pdf

prisons and health, (March 12, 2018)
13Joseph E. Paris PhD, MD (2008) “Why Prisoners Deserve Health Care”,

From https://journalethics.ama.assn.org, (March 12, 2018)
14 Raymund E. Narag et al., (2016) Understanding Prison Management in the

Philippines, From http://journals.com/doi/pdf/, (March 12, 2018)
15Doris J. James, (July, 2004) “Profile of Jail Inmates, 2002, Bureau of Justice
Statistics Special Report”, From https:// Washington,D.C.:Bureau of Justice
Statistics, U.S Dep’t of Justice, (March 12, 2018)
16Luann Laubscher, (2002) “No Jail Plan a Misdemeanor”, From https://

scielo.isciii.es/pdf/sanipe, (March 13, 2018)
17Inmates From, https://.google.com.inmates/, (March 13, 2018)

21
Chapter 2
RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research design, setting of the study, subject of the
study, source of data, procedure of the study and the statistical treatment to be
applied.
Research Design
A descriptive design was utilized in this study. To describe the profile of middle-
aged men inmates. Descriptive design was used to determine the extent of health
concern among middle-aged men inmates with respect to their profile. Descriptive
research is a study designed to depict the participants in an accurate way.
(http://study.com/rdesign)1
This method is to describe the nature of situation as it exists at the time of the
study and explore of the particular phenomena.
The researchers gathered pertinent information to observe, describe and
document the extent of health concerns among middle-aged men inmates. It
includes the profile of the respondents and extent of health concern that tested the
hypothesis and answered question concerning the statement of the problem. The
study attempts on how different aspects of health can affect the middle-aged men
inmates. Thus, it is appropriate to use such design to interpret the assessment for
each affecting the well-being of middle-aged men.

22
Setting of the Study
The study was conducted in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region
IV- A in Teresa, Rizal.
The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology is attached agency of the
Department of the Interior and Local Government mandated to direct, supervise and
control the administration and operation of all district city and Municipal Jails in the
Philippines pronged tasks of safekeeping and development of its inmates.
(https://wiki.org.BJMP)2
It was also a good place to conduct the study because of a wide variety of
middle-aged men inmates can be found with different conditions and perceptions.
Figure 2
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A

23
Subject of the Study
Middle-Aged men inmates in the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
Region IV-A were primarily the participants of the study. There are 400 middle-aged
male presently incarcerated at Teresa, Rizal. The 150 selected respondents are
aged 40-60 years old, who executed rational thinking who are imprisoned in the Jail
of Teresa Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A for at least several
years.
Sources of Data
To determine the extent of health concern among middle-aged men inmates,
the respondents were utilized. The questionnaire is composed of three parts. The
first part was focused on the profile of middle-aged men inmates in terms of age,
civil status, health status, and number of years incarcerated; the second part dealt
on the basic health and wellness needs of middle aged-men inmates in terms of
nutritional, hygiene, and activities of daily living; the third part consist of the extent of
health concern of middle-aged inmates in terms of physical condition, emotional
condition, and social health.
The secondary sources include books, journals, articles and unpublished
thesis. They were easy to use because the information are well organized and
condensed.
To determine the extent of health concern of male inmates, a scale by Likert
was used with its corresponding verbal interpretation.

24
Scale Range Verbal Interpretation

4 3. 25 – 4. 00 Always
3 2. 5 – 3. 24 Often
2 1. 75 – 2. 49 Seldom
1 1. 0 – 1. 74 Never
Scale Range Verbal Interpretation
4 3. 25 – 4. 00 Great Extent of Concern
3 2. 5 – 3. 24 Moderate Extent of Concern
2 1. 75 – 2. 49 Less Extent of Concern
1 1. 0 – 1. 74 Not a Concern
Procedure of the Study
This study entitled Extent of Health Concern among Middle-Aged Men Inmates
followed systematic procedures to make this study.
It was enriched and approved during defense, then the researchers proceeded
on the instrument or questionnaire-checklist to be used in the proposal defense,
Corrections and suggestions are incorporated to improve the instrument which was
validated by the experts. The questionnaire-checklist were distributed to the
respondents. After the survey and gathering of data, tallying, tabulating and
analysing of the data were conducted in order to determine the result.

25
Statistical Treatment
To analyze the data, the following statistical treatment were used by the
researchers:
For Problem Number 1, Frequency, percentage and rank distribution were
used to find out the profile of the respondents in terms of age, civil status, health
status and number of years incarcerated.
For Problem Number 2, Weighted mean was used to determine the basic
health and wellness needs of middle-aged men inmates in terms of nutrition, hygiene
and activities of daily living.
For Problem Number 3, Weighted mean was also used to determine the extent
of health concern of middle-aged inmates in terms of physical condition, emotional
condition and social health.
For Problem Number 4, One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to
determine the significant difference on the extent of health concern with respect to
the profile of middle-aged inmates.
For Problem Number 5, Pearson` r was used to determine if there’s a
significant relationship between basic health and wellness needs and health concern
of middle-aged inmates.
26
Notes
1Research Design From http://study.com/academy/lsson/descriptiv-research-

design-definition-examples-tps.html (March 12, 2018)
2Bureau of Jail Management and Penology: From

https://en.wikepedia.org/wiki/Bureau_of_Jail_Management_and_Penology, (March
12, 2018)
3Google Map From https://google.com/maps/search/bjmp-teresa-

rizal/@14.8246,121.20984,17z (March 12, 2018)
27
Chapter 3
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of gathered data from the
distributed questionnaires.
The data and the statistical findings are presented using tables in conformity
in the sequences of the sub-problems enumerated under the statement of the
problem portion in chapter 1 and are given their statistical implication.
Profile of Middle-Aged Men Inmates
Problem Number 1. What is the profile of middle-aged men inmates in terms
of age, civil status, health status, and number of years incarcerated?
Table 1
Frequency, Percentage, Cumulative Percentage, and Rank
Distribution of the Age of Middle-Aged Men Inmates
Age Frequency Percentage Cumulative Rank

Percentage
45 below 69 46.0% 46.0 1
46 – 50 33 22.0% 68.0 2
51 – 55 24 16.0% 84.8 3.5
56 Above 24 16.0% 100 3.5
Total 150 100%
Table 1 presents the frequency, percentage, cumulative percentage, and rank
distribution of the profile of the respondents in terms of age.
Table 1 shows that 69 or 46% of the respondents are on the age bracket of 45
and below while on age 46-50 obtained 22% or 33 respondents. Further, age range
of 51-55 and 56 above got 24 or 16% respectively.
29
28
It conveys that majority of the respondents age are ranging from 45 and below.
According to CJ Wiltz (1978) aged inmates have no significant advantage over non-
aged inmates because aged inmates may not be perceived as less dangerous to
society than non-aged inmates. (https://www.ncjrs.gov)1
Table 2
Frequency, Percentage and Rank Distribution of the
Civil Status of Middle-Aged Men Inmates
Civil Frequency Percentage Cumulative Rank

Status Percentage
Single 58 38.7% 38.7 2
Married 69 46.0% 84.7 1
Widowed 7 4.7% 89.3 3
Separated 16 10.7% 100 4
Total 150 100
Table 2 present the frequency, percentage, cumulative percentage and rank
distribution of the profile of middle-aged inmates in terms of civil status.
Table 2 shows that most of the respondents are already married which
obtained 46.0% and the single status ranked as 2 nd which has 58 respondents or
38.7% while the separated status obtained 16 respondents or 10.7% and lastly the
widowed status has the least number of respondents which obtained 7 respondents
or 4.7%.
This implies that majority of the respondents are married. According to the
National Census, (1975) federal inmates are about twice as likely to be in the never
married category as the general population three times as likely to be divorced,
separated, or widowed and only about half as likely to be married.
(https://www.ncjrs.gov)2
29
Table 3
Frequency, Percentage and Cumulative Percentage of
the Health Status of Middle-Aged Men Inmates
Health Status Frequency Percentage Cumulative

Percentage
Healthy 114 76.0% 76.0
Unhealthy 36 24.0% 100
Total 150 100
Table 3 presents the frequency, percentage and cumulative percentage of the
profile of the respondents in terms of their health status.
Table 3 shows that out of 150 respondents, 114 or 76.0% assumed that they
have a healthy status while 36 or 24.0% of the respondents answered unhealthy.
It revealed that most of the respondents health status are healthy. Based on
the interview that we gathered about their health status most of the respondent
perceptions for being healthy do not have any forms of illness such as cough, colds,
fever, chicken fox, itching, scabies, etc. Understanding the health status of inmates
is very important because it helps health care provider to enhance and maintain the
health status of inmates.
Table 4
Frequency, Percentage, Cumulative Percentage, and Rank Distribution
of the Number of Years Incarcerated of Middle-Aged Men Inmates
Number of Years Frequency Percentage Cumulative Rank

Incarcerated Percentage
1 Year Below 38 25.3% 25.3 2
1 – 4 Years 71 47.3% 72.7 1
4 – 7 Years 13 8.7% 81.3 4.5
7 – 10 Years 15 10.0% 91.3 3
10 Years Above 13 8.7% 100 4.5
Total 150 100
30
Table 4 presents the frequency, percentage, cumulative percentage and rank
distribution of middle aged men inmates in terms of number of years incarcerated.
Table 4 shows that the highest population is incarcerated between 1 to 4 years
with the respondents of 71 or 47.3%, second has the population of 38 or 25.3%
incarcerated for 1 year and below 9 months, third has the population of 15 or 10.0%
incarcerated between 7 to 10 years and the remaining have the same frequency and
percentage of 13 or 8.7% are incarcerated between 4 to 7 years and the longest are
incarcerated in 10 years above in the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
Region IV-A.
It implies that most of the respondents are incarcerated between 1 to 4 years
which got the highest rank.
Problem Number 2. How are Basic Health and Wellness Needs of Male
Inmates provided by Teresa, Bureau of Jail Management and Penology in terms of
Nutrition, Hygiene and Activities of daily living?
Table 5
Weighted Mean on the Extent of Health Concern of Middle-Aged Men
Inmates in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A
Basic Health and Summated Std. Deviation Verbal

Wellness Needs Mean Interpretation
A. Nutrition 3.48 0.46 Always
B. Hygiene 3.74 0.43 Always
C. Activities of 3.69 0.43 Always
daily living
Grand Mean 3.64 0.37 Always
Table 5 presents the weighted mean on the Extent of Health Concern of middle
aged men inmates in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A.
31
Table 5 shows that basic health and wellness needs in terms of nutrition has
an average weighted mean of 3.48 with verbal interpretation of always. In terms of
Hygiene, it obtained a weighted mean of 3.74 with verbal interpretation of always
and lastly concerning on activities of daily living, it obtained a weighted mean of 3.69
with verbal interpretation of always.
The table indicates that hygiene has the highest weighted mean of 3.74 which
verbally interpreted as always. According to International Committee of the Red
Cross (2005), hygiene purposes are issue, which are regularly discussed to control
access providing an adequate water supply and preparing personal hygiene.
(https://www.icrc.org)3
Problem Number 3. What is the Extent of Health Concern of middle-aged
inmates with respect to physical condition, emotional condition and social health?
Table 6

Extent of Health Summated Std. Deviation Verbal Interpretation

Concern Mean
D. Physical 3.19 0.86 Moderate Extent of
Condition Concern
E. Emotional 3.90 0.91 Great Extent of
Condition Concern
F. Social Health 3.23 0.82 Moderate Extent of
Concern
Grand Mean 3.17 0.79 Moderate Extent of
Concern
32
Table 6 presents the weighted mean of health concern of middle aged men
inmates in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A.
Table 6 shows that on the Extent of Health Concern in terms of physical
condition has a weighted mean of 3.19 which is verbally interpreted as Moderate
Extent of Concern and in terms of emotional condition with the highest weighted
mean of 3.90 which is verbally interpreted as Great Extent of Concern and lastly
concerning on social health has a weighted mean of 3.23 with verbal interpretation
of Moderate Extent of Concern.
It signifies that emotional condition got the highest mean of 3.90 which is
verbally interpreted as Great Extent of Concern. As stated by Haney and Israel
(2008), emotional support is defined as support that involves the establishment of
empathy, love, trust and caring. (https://opencommons.uconn.edu,) 4
Problem Number 4. Is there a significant relationship between basic health
and wellness needs and extent of health concern?
Table 7

Criteria r P HO VI
Basic Health and Wellness

Needs and Extent of Health .260 .001 R S
Concern
Table 7 presents the weighted mean on the extent of health concern of middle-
aged men inmates in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A.
33
Table 7 shows that the Basic Health and Wellness needs and Extent of Health
Concern of middle-aged men inmates has the frequency of .260 with significant
value of .001 the hypothesis is rejected.
It simply implies that the basic health and wellness needs of inmates in terms
of extent of health concern has an effect or it influenced the perceptions of male
inmates.
Problem Number 5. Is there a significant difference on the extent of health
concern among middle aged men inmates with respect to the profile of the
respondents in terms of undermentioned variable?

34
Table 8
ANOVA on the Extent of Health Concern of Middle-Aged

Men Inmates in Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology Region IV-A in terms of Age
Criteria Sum of df Mean F P HO VI

Square Square
a. Nutrition 1.38 3 .461 2.192 .091
Between 30.71 146 .210 FR NS
Groups Within 32.09 149
Groups Total
b. Hygiene 0.41 3 .135 .724 .539
Between 27.23 146 .187 FR NS
Groups Total
c. Activities of 0.37 3 .124 .649 .585
daily living 27.92 146 .191. FR NS
Between 28.29 149
Groups Within
Groups Total
0.56 3 .185 1.331 .267
Overall 20.34 146 .139 FR NS
20.90 149
d. Physical 2.36 3 .788 1.064 .367
Condition 108.15 146 .741 FR NS
Between 110.52 149
Groups Within
Total
e. Emotional 1.06 3 .354 .425 .736
Between 122.70 149
Groups Within
Total
f. Social Health 0.99 3 .332 .492 .689
Between 98.64 146 .676 FR NS
Total
1.29 3 .430 .683 .564
Overall 91.89 146 .629 FR NS
93.18 149
*p. >0.05, failed to Reject (FR), *p. <0.05. Rejected (R)
35
Table 8 presents difference on the extent of health concern among middle-
aged men inmates in terms of nutrition, hygiene, activities of daily living, physical
condition, emotional condition and social health.
Table 8 shows emotional condition attain the highest significant value of .73
the hypothesis is failed to reject and verbally interpreted as not significant. On the
other hand, nutrition gain the lowest significant value of .09 the hypothesis is failed
to reject and verbally interpreted as not significant.
It revealed that emotional condition of male inmates has no effect in terms of
age. Based on the findings of Susan Charles and Laura Carstensen (2007), it clearly
demonstrate the decrease biological, physiological and cognitive capacity with those
suggesting that people are generally satisfy in all age and experience relatively high
levels of emotional well-being. Viewing aging as adaptation sheds light on resilience,
well-being and emotional distress across adulthood. (www.ncbi.nlm.nin.gov)5

36
Table 9
Penology Region IV-A in terms of Civil Status

Square Square
a. Nutrition 0.68 3 .226 1.051 .372
Between 31.42 146 .215 FR NS
Groups Total
b. Hygiene 0.73 3 .243 1.319 .271
Between 26.90 146 .184 FR NS
Groups Total
c. Activities of 0.54 3 .180 .948 .419
daily living 27.75 146 .190 FR NS
Between 28.29 149
Groups Within
Groups Total
0.58 3 .194 1.397 .246
Overall 20.31 146 .139 FR NS
20.90 149
d. Physical 1.86 3 .620 .833 .478
Between 110.52 149
Groups Within
Groups Total
e. Emotional 0.85 3 .283 .339 .797
Between 122.70 149
Groups Within
Groups Total
f. Social Health 1.54 3 .514 .766 .515
Between 98.09 146 .672 FR NS
Groups Total
1.24 3 .412 .654 .582
Overall 91.94 146 .630 FR NS
93.18 149
*p. >0.05, failed to Reject (FR), *p. <0.05. Rejected (R)
Table 9 presents the frequency, percentage, cumulative percentage in terms
of Civil Status.
37
Table 9 shows emotional condition obtain the highest significant value of .79
the hypothesis is failed to reject and verbally interpreted as not significant on the
other hand hygiene gain the lowest significant value of .27 the hypothesis is failed to
reject and verbally interpreted as not significant.
It simply implies that emotional condition of inmates does not influence in terms
of civil status. Based on the result gathered they have same level of perceptions on
answering questions with regards to emotional condition. As stated by Ines Joung
(1996), these marital roles would be associated with specific psychological states
and lifestyles because of the lack of close interpersonal ties, unmarried people would
be emotionally less stable and more willing to take risk. (https://repub.eurnlpub)6

38
Table 10
ANOVA on the Extent of Health Concern of Middle-Aged Men

Inmates in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
Region IV-A in terms of Health Status

Square Square
a. Nutrition 1.14 1 1.136 5.433 .021
Between Groups 30.96 148 .209 R S
Within 32.09 149
Groups Total
b. Hygiene 1.20 1 1.199 6.714 .011
Within Groups 27.63 149
Total
c. Activities of daily 1.93 1 1.929 10.829 .001
living Between 26.36 148 .178 R S
Groups Total
1.40 1 1.400 10.628 .001
Overall 19.50 148 .132 R S
20.90 149
d. Physical 0.00 1 .000 .000 .990
Between Groups 110.52 149
Within Groups
Total
e. Emotional 0.24 1 .237 .286 .594
Within Groups
Total
f. Social Health 0.01 1 .013 .020 .889
Between Groups 99.62 148 .673 FR NS
Total
0.04 1 .039 .062 .804
Overall 93.14 148 .629 FR NS
93.19 149
*p >0.05, failed to Reject (FR), *p <0.05. Rejected (R)
Table 10 presents the frequency, percentage and cumulative percentage in
terms of health status.

39
Table 10 shows that social health attain the significant value of .88 the
hypothesis is failed to reject and verbally interpreted as not significant on the other
hand activities of daily living gain the lowest significant value of .00 the hypothesis
is reject and verbally interpreted as significant.
It signifies that social health of inmates does not affect in terms of health status.
According to James S. House, et al., (1988) Recent scientific work has established
both a theoretical basis and strong empirical evidence for a casual impact of social
relationship on health. Prospective studies, which control for baseline health status,
consistently show increased risk of death among person with a low quantity and
sometimes low quality of social relationship. (scholar.google.com.ph.)7

40
Table 11
ANOVA on the Extent of Health Concern of Middle-Aged Men Inmates

in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A
in terms of Number of Years Incarcerated

Square Square
a. Nutrition 1.03 3 .258 1.202 .313
Within 32.09 14
Groups Total
b. Hygiene 0.49 3 .121 .648 .629
Total
c. Activities of daily 0.74 3 .185 .974 .424
living Between 27.55 145 .190 FR NS
Groups Total
0.67 4 .166 1.191 .317
Overall 20.23 145 .140 FR NS
20.90 149
d. Physical 4.33 3 1.082 1.477 .212
Within Total
e. Emotional 5.07 3 1.268 1.563 .187
Within Total
f. Social Health 2.66 3 .665 .994 .413
Within Total 99.63 149
3.32 4 .831 1.341 .258

Overall 89.85 145 .620 FR NS
93.18 149
*p >0.05, failed to Reject (FR), *p <0.05. Rejected (R)
Table 11 presents the frequency, percentage and cumulative percentage in
terms of Number of years incarcerated.

41
Table 11 shows that hygiene attain the highest significant value of .62 the
hypothesis is failed to reject and verbally interpreted as not significant on the other
hand emotional condition gained the lowest significant value of .18 the hypothesis is
reject and verbally interpreted as significant.
It indicates that hygiene got the highest mean of .62 and verbally interpreted
as not significant it revealed that hygiene has no effect or does not influenced in
terms of number of years incarcerated.

42
Notes
1Cj Wiltz, “Influence of age on length of Incarceration”,From
https://www.ncjrs.gov/app/publications/abstract.aspx?id=60892 (September 05,
2018)
2E HANDLER ; L SCHUETT, “MARITAL STATUS OF PRISON INMATES”,
From https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/abstract.aspx?ID=46024, (September
05, 2018)
3International Committee of the Red Cross (2005) “Inmate Hygiene”, From
https://www.icrc.org/eng/assets/files/publication/icrs-002-4083.pdf, (September 05,
2018)
4Haney and Israel, “Emotional Condition”, From https://
opencommons.uconn.edu, (September 05, 2018)
5Susan Charles & Laura Carstensasen, “Emotional Conditions in terms of
Age”, From www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, (September 06, 2018)
Joung, “Emotional affecting Civil Status”, From https:// repub.eur.nl>pub

6 Ines
(September 06, 2018)

7James S. House et al., “Social Health affecting Health Status”, From
scholar,google.com.ph (September 06, 2018)
43
Chapter 4
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions and
recommendations based on the data analysed in the previous chapter.
1. Profile of the Middle-Aged Men Inmates
1.1 The highest part of the total number of respondents is in the age group of
45 years old below with the frequency of 69 or 46.0 percent.
1.2 Large part of the respondent’s total number are married with a frequency
of 69 or 46.0 percent.
1.3 There are 114 or 76.0 percent out of 150 respondents are healthy based
on their perception on the definition of health status.
1.4 There are 71 or 47.3 percent out of 150 respondents are incarcerated in
BJMP between the year of 1 year and I month and 4 years.
2. Basic Health and Wellness needs of male inmates in Bureau of Jail

Management and Penology Region IV-A
2.1 The result shows that in terms of nutrition provided by Teresa BJMP it
obtained summated mean of 3.48 and the descriptive rating is always.
2.2 The result shows that the respondents in terms of hygiene it obtained
summated mean of 3.74 with a descriptive rating of always.
2.3 The result shows that the respondents in terms of their activities of daily
living obtained a summated mean of 3.69 with descriptive rating of always.

44
3. Extent of Health Concern among Middle-Aged Men Inmates in Bureau

of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A
3.1 The result shows that the respondents with regards to their physical
condition shows a summated mean of 3.19 with descriptive rating of Moderate Extent
of Concern.
3.2 The result shows that the respondents based on their emotional condition
with a summated mean of 3.09 with descriptive rating of Moderate Extent of
Concern.
3.3 The result shows that the respondents concerning to their social health with
a summated mean of 3.23 with descriptive rating of Moderate Extent of Concern.
4. Is there a relationship between Basic Health and Wellness needs and
Extent of Health Concern among Middle-Aged Men Inmates in Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology Region IV-A?
4.1 Based on the gathered data, there is a relationship between basic health
and wellness needs and extent of health concern with total frequency of .260 and
significant of .001 the hypothesis is rejected and verbally interpreted as significant.
5. Difference on the perception on the Extent of Health Concern to the
Middle-Aged Men Inmates in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region
IV-A across the profile variables.
5.1 With respect to the male inmates age, it revealed a computed significant
value greater than 0.05, thus the null hypothesis is accepted and there is no
significant difference in the male inmates perception on the extent of health concern.
45
5.2 With respect to the male inmates civil status, it revealed a computed
significant value greater than 0.05, therefore, accepts the null hypothesis that there
is no significant difference on the extent of health concern in male inmates
perception in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A.
5.3 With respect to the male inmate health status, it revealed a computed
significant value less than 0.05, therefore, accepts the null hypothesis is rejected
and verbally interpreted as significant.
5.4 With respect to the male inmates number of years incarcerated, it revealed
a computed significant value greater than 0.05, therefore, accepts the null
hypothesis that there is no significant difference on their perception on the extent of
health concern in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A.
Conclusions
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are hereby drawn:
1. Majority of middle-aged men inmates in Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology Region IV-A, are 45 years old below, already married and majority of them
thinks that they have healthy status and have been incarcerated of 1 to 4 years.
2. The male inmates confirmed that BJMP provides enough basic health and
wellness needs in terms of nutrition, hygiene and activities of daily living.
3. The study revealed that in terms of health concern, there is a moderate
extent of concern, therefore their physical, emotional and social has a moderate
extent of concern.
46
4. Based on the gathered data, it revealed that there is a relationship between
basic health and wellness needs and extent of health concern and has a computed
mean of .001, therefore, the hypothesis is rejected and verbally interpreted as
significant.
5. The study shows that in terms of age, civil status, number of years
incarcerated has no effect or does not influence the male inmates perceptions on
the extent of health concern, but in terms of health status it influenced their
perception.
Recommendations
Based on the conclusions, the following are hereby recommended:
1. The BJMP should continue to deliver a high level of basic health and
wellness needs in terms of nutrition, hygiene and activities of daily living.
2. The BJMP must improve their support on social and emotional activities like
out-reach programs, bible study and sharing of gospel.
3. Inmates should be motivated to continue activities that promote physical,
emotional, spiritual health while incarcerated to obtained quality or fulfilling life inside
the jail.
4. Jail staff or the medical staff should continue to support their existing
programs on the preservation of quality of health and environment for the inmates.
47
5. A parallel study may be conducted by future researchers and can utilize
other variables such as lifestyle, in order to identify and assess the health concern
among inmates.
48
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. Books
Kozier erb (2004), “Fundamentals of Nursing” pg. 171 (March 13, 2018)
B. Online Sources
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology: From (1991)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureau_of_Jail_Mangement_and _Penology,
(March 12 2018)
Charles, Susan and Carstensen, laura (2007), “Emotional Conditions in terms of

Age”, From www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, (September 6 2018)
Federal Bureau of Prisons, (2013) “Impact of Incarceration on Health” From

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK201966/ (March 13 2018)
Garcia, Guerrero, j1 A, Marco (2012) “Overcrowding in Prisons and its Impact on

Health” (pp.106) From
hhtp://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/sanipe/v14n3/en_06_revision2.pdf, (March 12 2018)
Gavilan,Jodesz (2015) “Looking into the Food System of PH Inmates”, From

www.com.ph.google, (March 13 2018)
Google Map From httos://google.com/maps/search/bjmp-teresa-

rizal/@14.8246,121.20984,17z (March 12 2018)
Handler,E ;Schuett L,(1975) ”MARITAL STATUS PRISON INMATES”, From

https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/abstract.aspx?ID=46024, (September
5 2018)
Haney and Israel (2008) “Emotional Condition”, From https://

opencommons.uconn.edu, (Septermber 5, 2018)
International Committee of the Red Cross (2005) “Inmates Hygiene”, From https://
www.icrc.org/eng/assets/files/publication/icrc-002-4083.pdf, (September 05,
2018)
James, Doris J, (July 2004), “Profile of Jail Inmates 2002, Bureau of Justice Statistics
Special Report”, From https:// Washington,D.C.:Bureau of Justice
Statistics,U.S Dep’t of Justice”, (March 12, 2018)
Joung, Inez (1996) “Emotional affecting Civil Status”, From https:// repub.eur.nl>pub,
49
Laubscher, Luann (2002) “No Jail Health Plan a Misdemeanor” From https://
scielo.isciii.es/pdf/sanipe, (March 13,2018)
Narag Raymund E. et al., (2016) “Understanding Prisons Management in the

Philipppines”, From http:/journals.com/doi/pdf, (March 12, 2018)
OPCAT Report (2010) “The Conditions of Prisons and Jails”, From

https://www.preda.org/media/research-documents-the-conditions-of-
philippine-prisons-and-jails/, (March 12, 2018)
Paris Joseph E. PhD, MD (2008) “Why Prisoners Deserve Health Care”, From
https:// journalethics.ama.assn.org, (March 12, 2018)
Preda Foundation Incorporation, (2009) “The Situation of the Philippines

Penetentiaries”, From www.preda.org, (March 12, 2018)
Research Design (2018) From https:// study.com/academy/Isson/descriptive-

research-design-definition-examples-tps.html, (March 12, 2018)
Tamayo Bernadette E, (2018) “de Lima seek Integrated Jail Prisons Management”,
From www.manilatimes.net, (March 13, 2013)
Vera, Minguez C. et al., (2011) “Effects on overcrowding in the physical health of

person”, From https:// scielo.isciii.es-pdf-sanity-V14n3/en_06_revision2.pdf,
(March 12, 2018)
Watson et al., (2004) “Prisons Health Care: A Review to Literature”, From, https://
www.researchgate.net publication/8917295_prisons_healthcare, (March12,
2018)
Wiltz CJ, (1978) “Influenced of Age on length of Incarceration”, From, https:// www.
Ncjrs.gov/app/publications/abstract.aspx?id=60892, (September 05, 2018)
World Health Organizational, From https://

www.euro.who.iny/data/assets/pdfprisons and health, (March 12, 2018)
C. Unpublished Materials
Villanueva, Froilaline (2012) “Health Status of Inmates at Provincial Jail”, (March

13, 2018)
50
APPENDICES
51
APPENDIX A
ACTION PLAN
PROPOSED ACTION PLAN TO ESTABLISH THE EXTENT

OF HEALTH CONCERN
Goal: Promote Physical Health

Specific Activity Time Frame Persons Progress Indicator
Objectives Involved
Conduct Physical At least Inmates 95% enjoyed

activities that activities twice a the activity and
Jail Staff
can improve such as week. reduce the risk
the health basketball of acquiring
condition of games and health
inmates. other sports disparities.
activities.
Goal: Increase their Emotional and Social Health

Specific Activity Time Frame Persons Progress Indicator
Objectives Involved
Implement Engaging At least Inmates Jail 85% of inmates

activities that seminar- thrice a Staff participated on
can escalate workshop week. the emotional
Non-
the inmates, and other and social
Government
emotional related activities to help
Organization
and social activities them to have a
health. that tackles positive outlook
the value of in life.
spiritual
belief and
importance
of
harmonious
relationship.
52
APPENDIX B
GANTT CHART OF ACTIVITIES
Activities Dec Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct
Thesis title 2017

development
Development 2018
of Chapter 1
and 2
Colloquium 2018
Revision of 2018
Chapter 1
and 2
Development 2018
and validation
of
questionnaire
checklist
Tallying and 2018

tabulating
data
Analysis and
interpretation
of the result
Oral Defense
Revision 2018
Final Copy
53
APPENDIX C
SAMPLE FORMULA
1. Frequency and Percentage
Formula is:
𝑓
P = 𝑥 100
𝑛
Where;
F= frequency associated with each category or score value.
N= Total number of observation.
2. Weighted mean
Formula is:
𝛴𝑊𝑖 𝑋𝑖
𝑋=
𝛴𝑊𝑖
3. Weighted mean
Formula is:
𝛴𝑊𝑖 𝑋𝑖
𝑋=
𝛴𝑊𝑖
4. Analysis of Variance
Formula is:
𝑀𝑆𝑇
𝑀𝑆𝐸
Where:
F = ANOVA Coefficient
MST= mean sum of square due to treatment
MSE = mean sum of square due to error
Formula for MST: MSE = _SSE_

N–D
SSE = ∑ (n-1) s2
Where:
SSE= Sum of square due to error
s= Standard deviation of samples
N= Total number of observations
54
5. Pearson` r
Formula is:
𝑁𝛴𝑥𝑦 − (𝛴𝑥)(𝛴𝑦)
𝑟=
√[𝑁𝛴𝑥 2 − (𝛴𝑥)2 ][𝑁𝛴𝑦 2 − (𝛴𝑦)2 ]
Where;
N – number of pairs of scores
Σxy – sum of the products of paired scores
Σx – sum of x scores
Σy – sum of y scores
Σx2 – sum of squared x scores
Σy2 – sum of squared y scores
55
APPENDIX D
Appointment Letter to the Adviser

Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF RIZAL SYSTEM
Taytay, Rizal
APPOINTMENT
March 20, 2018
GEMMA R. LAVARA RN, MAN

Instructor
This Campus
Dear Prof. Lavara:
In consideration of your field of specialization, expertise and experience, you are

hereby appointed to be adviser of Via L. Andres, Angela Nicole O. Bailio, Roberto E. Garcia
Jr. and Crigel Jane R. Jamig whose thesis entitled “Extent of Health Concern among
Middle-Aged Men Inmates of Teresa Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region
IV-A” has been approved by the office in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
Bachelor of Science in Nursing.
As adviser you shall perform among others the following duties and responsibilities.
1. Assist the thesis writer in drafting the proposal and research instruments;
2. Review and edit the draft of the proposal, the research instrument and the
complete manuscript;
3. Help improve the manuscripts into perfection;
4. Remind and require the writer to submit the bound copies of the thesis on
the date prescribed by the office of the University President; and
5. Attend the oral examination.
Thank you very much!
______________________________
RULEN T. VELICARIA, RN, Ph.D
Dean, College of Nursing and Psychology
Conforme:
__________________________
56
APPENDIX E
Appointment Letter to the Language Critic

Taytay, Rizal
APPOINTMENT
March 20, 2018
MS. KEITH A. DOLORIAN

Administrative Aide III
This Campus
Dear Ms. Dolorian:
In consideration of your field of specialization, expertise and experience you

are hereby appointed to be the language critic of Via L. Andres, Angela Nicole O.
Bailio, Roberto E. Garcia and Crigel Jane R. Jamig whose thesis entitled “Extent of
Health Concern among Middle-Aged Men Inmates of Teresa Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology Region IV-A” has been approved by the office in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science in Nursing.
As language critic you shall perform among the following duties and
responsibilities.
1. Assist the undergraduate thesis writer particular in language use form and
style, and editing to ensure overall quality of the completed thesis;
2. Attend the oral examination; and
3. Check and certify to the correctness of the final draft of the thesis before the
Binding.
____________________________
Conforme:
__________________
KEITH A. DOLORIAN
57
APPENDIX F
Appointment Letter to the Statistician
Taytay, Rizal
APPOINTMENT
March 20, 2018
MR. ROBERT M. QUEDDENG, RPm

Part-Time Instructor
This Campus
Dear Mr. Queddeng:
In consideration of your field of specialization, expertise and experience you

are hereby appointed to be the statistician of Via L. Andres, Angela Nicole O. Bailio,
Roberto E. Garcia Jr. and Crigel Jane R. Jamig whose thesis entitled “Extent of
Management and Penology Region IV-A” has been approved by the office in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science in Nursing.
As statistician you shall perform among others the following duties and
responsibilities.
1. Propose to the adviser and the undergraduate thesis writer the statistical
treatment in the study.
2. Assure the correction of the statistical computation presented in all tables;
3. Attend the oral examination; and
4. Check the final draft of thesis before binding.
____________________________
Conforme:
__________________________
ROBERT M. QUEDDENG, RPm
58
APPENDIX G
Letter to the Adviser
Taytay, Rizal
March 20, 2018

Instructor
This Campus
Dear Prof Lavara:
The undersigned are Bachelor of Science in Nursing students of URS Taytay

campus. We are currently in the process of writing our undergraduate thesis entitled
“Extent of Health Concern among Middle-Aged Men Inmates of Teresa Bureau
of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A” which is a prerequisite to
graduation.
In relation to this, we would like to solicit your help as our Adviser to guide us through
the process, considering your expertise and qualifications.
May this humble request merit your most favorable response regarding this matter.
Very truly yours,
VIA L. ANDRES

The Researchers
Conforme:

59
APPENDIX H
Letter to the Language Critic
Taytay, Rizal
March 20, 2018
MS. KEITH A. DOLORIAN

Administrative Aide III
This Campus
Dear Ms. Dolorian:

graduation.
In relation to this, we would like to solicit your help as our Language Critic to guide
us through the process, considering your expertise and qualifications.
May this humble request merit your most favourable response regarding this matter.
Very truly yours,
VIA L. ANDRES

The Researchers
Conforme:
KEITH A. DOLORIAN
60
APPENDIX I
Letter to the Statistician
Taytay, Rizal
March 20, 2018
MR. ROBERT M. QUEDDENG, RPm

Part-Time Instructor
This Campus
Dear Mr. Queddeng:

graduation.
In relation to this, we would like to solicit your help as our Chairman to guide us
through the process, considering your expertise and qualifications.
Very truly yours,
VIA L. ANDRES

The Researchers
Conforme:
ROBERT M. QUEDDENG, RPm

61
APPENDIX J
Letter to the Chairman
Taytay, Rizal
March 20, 2018
MA. TERESITA F. CERAPION RN, MAN

Instructor
This Campus
Dear Prof. Cerapion:

graduation.
In relation to this, we would like to solicit your help as our Chairman to guide us
through the process, considering your expertise and qualifications.
Very truly yours,
VIA L. ANDRES

The Researchers
Conforme:
MA. TERESITA F. CERAPION RN, MAN

62
APPENDIX K
Request to the Validators
Taytay, Rizal
March 20, 2018
Dear Instructors/Professors:
This is to request your assistance in the content validation on the instrument for our
study entited: “Extent of Health Concern among Middle-Aged Men Inmates of
Teresa Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A”
Thank you very much.
Respectfully yours,
VIA L. ANDRES

The Researchers
Instructor’s Name Date Validated Signature
________________ ____________ ________
________________ ____________ ________
________________ ____________ ________
________________ ____________ ________
________________ ____________ ________

63
APPENDIX L
Certificate of Content Validation
Taytay, Rizal
CERTIFICATE OF CONTENT VALIDATION
This is to certify that the following experts validated the Researcher’s-Made
Questionnaire-Checklist of Via L. Andres, Angela Nicole O. Bailio, Roberto E. Garcia
Jr. and Crigel Jane R. Jamig for their undergraduate research entitled: “Extent of
Management and Penology Region IV-A ”
Name Signature Date
1. PROF. DARREN M. TAN, MAT ___________ _________

Instructor, URS-Binangonan
2. DR. SHIELANIE SORIANO-DACUMOS ___________ _________

Coordinator, Gen.Ed, URS-Binangonan
3. DR. FERDINAND B. VIVAS ___________ _________

Instructor, URS-Taytay / Expert
4. MARY ANN V. CASTRO, RN ___________ _________

Campus Nurse, URS-Binangonan
5. JONNAH MARIE S. FLORES, RN ___________ _________

Campus Nurse, URS-Binangonan
64
APPENDIX M
Invitation for Oral Defense
Taytay, Rizal
September 24, 2018
Dear Madams/Sir:
May we have the honor of your presence during the Oral Defense of our thesis
entitled “Extent of Health Concern among Middle-Aged Men Inmates of Teresa
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A” on September 26, 2018
at 10:00am, to be held at University of Rizal System-Taytay Campus Accreditation
Room.
Name Conforme
Chairman Ma. Teresita F. Cerapion, RN, MAN __________
Language Critic Keith A. Dolorian __________
Statistician Robert M. Queddeng, RPm __________
Thank you for your favorable response regarding this matter. Good day and God
bless!
Sincerely yours,
VIA L. ANDRES

The Researchers
Noted by:

Research Adviser
65
APPENDIX N
Letter to Conduct Research

Taytay, Rizal
July 06, 2018
J/CINSP MIGUEL D. LANGCAUON

Warden, Teresa District Jail
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
Dear Mr. Langcauon:
The undersigned are Bachelor of Science in Nursing of University of Rizal System Taytay
Campus. We are currently in the process of writing our undergraduate thesis entitled “Extent of
Health Concern among Middle-Aged Men Inmates of Teresa Bureau of Jail Management
and Penology Region IV-A
In line with this, we are humbly asking permission from your good office to allow us to conduct
our research and administer our questionnaires to the middle-aged men inmates of Teresa
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology. Rest assured that the information will be gathered
and will be treated with utmost confidentiality.
Your approval to this humble request will be highly appreciated. Thank you very much and more
power!
Sincerely yours,
VIA L. ANDRES

The Researchers
Noted by:

Research Adviser
Conforme:
_____________
Signature
_____________
Date
66
APPENDIX O
Letter to the Respondents

Taytay, Rizal
July 06, 2018
Dear Respondents:
We are currently conducting a study entitled “Extent of Health Concern among

Middle-Aged Men Inmates of Teresa Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
Region IV-A”. In line with this, we are seeking your honest answer in our
questionnaire for our study.
Please feel assured that the information you will give will be treated with strict
confidentiality.
Thank you very much for your kind response!
Sincerely yours,
VIA L. ANDRES

The Researchers
Noted by:

Research Adviser
67
APPENDIX P
Sample Questionnaire-Checklist
College of Nursing and Psychology
Taytay, Rizal
RESEARCHER’S QUESTIONNAIRE-CHECKLIST
EXTENT OF HEALTH CONCERN AMONG MIDDLE-AGED MEN INMATES OF

TERESA BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY REGION IV-A
Part I. Respondent’s Profile

Name (Optional): ________________________________________________
Directions: Please fill in the blanks and put a check (√) in the box that corresponds
to the information that best suits to your answer. (Panuto: Punan ang puwang at
lagyan ng tsek ang kahon batay sa impormasyon tungkol sa iyong sarili.)
A. Age (Edad): _____

B. Civil Status (Katayuang Sibil):
Single (Walang Asawa)
Married (Kasal)
Widowed (Biyudo)
Separated (Hiwalay)
C. Health Status (Katayuang Pangkalusugan):

Healthy: ____
Unhealthy: ____
D. Number of Years Incarcerated (Bilang ng Taon ng Pagkakakulong): ______
Part II. Basic Health and Wellness Needs

Directions (Panuto): Read the following sentences below. (Basahin ang mga
sumusunod na pangungusap sa ibaba.) Put a check on the parenthesis that best
suits to your answer. (Lagyan ng tsek ang panaklong ng angkop na sagot.)
4 – Always (Lagi)
3 – Often (Minsan)
2 – Seldom (Bihira)
1 – Never (Hindi kailanman
68
Nutrition
We are provided at the Teresa BJMP: 4 3 2 1
1.Nutritious foods. (Masustansyang pagkain.) () () () ()
2.Enough amount of drinking water. (Sapat na inuming tubig.) () () () ()
3.Health orientation on the importance of well-balanced meal.
(Pagtuturo tungkol sa kahalagahan ng wastong pagkain.) () () () ()
4.A regular schedule for meal time. (Regular na iskedyul para () () () ()
sa oras ng pagkain.)
5.Adequate time to sleep and exercise. (Sapat na oras sa () () () ()
pagtulog at pag-eehersisyo.)
Hygiene
1. Enough clean water to wash our hands. (Sapat at malinis na () () () ()
tubig sa paghuhugas ng kamay.)
2. Appropriate storage for our clothings. (Tamang lagayan ng mga () () () ()
damit.)
3. Adequate and tidy water to wash clothes. (Sapat at malinis na
tubig panlaba.) () () () ()
4.Well-maintained clean surroundings inside the jail to prevent
illnesses such as diarrhea, relapsing fever and scabies. (Napapanatili
ang kalinisan sa loob ng selda upang maiwasan ang mga sakit tulad ( ) ( ) ( ) ()
ng pagtatae, lagnat, kurikong.)
5. Sufficient materials for sanitation for hand washing and bathing. ( ) ( ) ( ) ()
(Sapat na kagamitan sa paghuhugas ng kamay at paliligo.)
Activities of daily living

1.Regular schedule to do assigned task such as
cleaning the designated area. (Regular na iskedyul sa () () () ()
pagsasagawa ng itinalagang gawain.)
2.Right time to take a bath every day. (Tamang na oras para () () () ()
sa paliligo.)
3.Washes the plate after meal. (Hinuhugasan ang plato () () () ()
pagkatapos kumain.)
4. Regular schedule to clean and put in order our sleeping
quarters. (Regular na iskedyul para linisin at isaayos () () () ()
ang silid pahingahan.)
5. Activities that make us productive such as recycling projects.
(Mga aktibidad na maging prodaktibo tulad ng proyektong () () () ()
pag-reresiklo.)
69
Part III. Health Concern

4 – Great Extent of Concern (Malaking lawak ng pag aalala)
3 –Moderate Extent of Health Concern (Katamtamang lawak ng pag aalala
2 – Less Extent of Concern (Mababang lawak ng pag aalala
1 – Not a Concern (Walang pag aalala)
Physical Condition
As an inmate at Teresa BJMP I want to be provided
with health services concerning: 4 3 2 1
1.A better eyesight/vision. (Malinaw na paningin.) () () () ()
2.Hand works such as writing, sweeping the floor and watering
plants. (Makapagsagawa ng kilos pangkamay tulad pagsusulat, () () () ()
pagwawalis at pagdidilig.
3.Medicine for body pain such as rheumatism,osteoarthritis
and back ache. (Gamot para sa pananakit ng katawan tulad () () () ()
ng rayuma, pananakit at pamamaga ng buti at pananakit ng likod.)
4. Physical activities such as basketball and jogging.
(Pagkakaroon ng pisikal na aktibidad tulad ng basketball.) () () () ()
5. Walks properly without the aid of other people.
(Nakakalakad ng maayos ng walang tulong ng iba) () () () ()
Emotional Condition
1.Couselling session for positive outlook. (Sesyon ng pagpapayo
para sa postibong pananaw.) () () () ()
2.Productive activities such as drafting, sewing and crochet.
(Prodaktibong Gawain tulad ng pagbabalangkas,pananahi at () () () ()
pag gagantsilyo.)
3.Reading newspaper and magazines to update current events.
(Pagbabasa ng diyaryo at magasin upang malaman ang mga () () () ()
kasalukuyang pangyayari.)
4.Spiritual program such as bible study and sharing of gospel. () () () ()
(Programang pang espiritwal tulad ng pag-aaral ng bibliya
at pagbabahagi ng ebanghelyo.)
5.Leisure activities such as watching TV and listening music. () () () ()
Mga gawaing nakalilibang tulad ng panunuod ng TV at pakikinig
ng musika.)
70
Social Health
1.Socialization with other inmates such as talking and () () () ()
communicating. (Pakikisalamuha sa iba tulad ng pakikipag usap.)
2.Social activities such as singing contest and dance competition. () () () ()
(Pagsali sa mga paligsahan tulad ng pagkanta at pagsayaw.)
3.Enough time for family visitation. (Sapat na oras para sa () () () ()
pagdalaw ng pamilya.)
4.Good relationship with others like joining in all activities. () () () ()
(Pagkakaroon ng magandang pakikisama sa iba tulad ng pagsali
sa lahat ng aktibidad.)
5.Adequate time in all activities inside the jail. (Sapat na oras () () () ()
sa lahat ng aktibidad sa loob ng kulungan.)
71
APPENDIX Q
SAMPLE COMPUTATION
Problem Number 1. Frequency, Percentage and Rank

Health Status (Healthy)
Formula = No. of Respondents x 100
Total No. of Respondents
= 114 x 100
150
= 11, 400
150
= 76
Problem Number 2. Obtaining Weighted Mean
x1 = 2(4) 29(3) 46(2) 1(73)
x2 = 1(4) 4(3) 12(2) 136(1)
x3 = 1(4) 1(3) 12(2) 136(1)
x4 = 23(4) 20(3) 53(2) 4(1)
x5 = 7(4) 11(3) 24(2) 108(1)
W X = 1.9 + 1.14 + 1.11 + 2.08 + 1.44
=7.67
5
=1.53
Problem Number 3. Obtaining Weighted Mean
x1 = 76 (4) 42(3) 13(2) 19(1) x5 = 88(4) 25(3) 11(2) 26(1)
x2 = 97(4) 20(3) 4(2) 29(1) W x = 3.16+ 3.05 + 3.27 + 0.95+ 2.96
x3 = 100(4)18(3) 6(2) 26(1) = 13.39/5
x4 = 10(4) 15(3) 16(2) 26(1) =2.67
72
APPENDIX R
List of Individual Tables
Table 1
Weighted Mean on the Extent of Health Concern to Middle-
Aged Men Inmates in Bureau of Jail Management
and Penology Region IV-A in terms of Nutrition
A. Nutrition Mean Verbal Rank

We are provided at the Teresa BJMP: Interpretation
1. Nutritious food. 3.26 Always 4
2. A regular schedule for meal time. 3.81 Always 2
3. Enough amount of drinking water. 3.89 Always 1
4. Health orientation on the importance of 2.92 Often 5
well-balanced meal.
5. Adequate time to sleep and exercise. 3.52 Always 3
Grand Mean 3.48 Always
Table 2
Weighted Mean on the Extent of Health Concern to Middle-

Aged Men Inmates in Bureau of Jail Management
and Penology Region IV-A in terms of Hygiene
B. Hygiene Mean Verbal Rank

1. Enough clean water to wash our 3.85 Always 1
hands.
2. Appropriate storage for our clothings. 3.55 Always 5
3. Adequate and tidy water to wash 3.80 Always 2.5
clothes.
4. Well-maintained clean surroundings
inside the jail to prevent illnesses such as 3.80 Always 2.5
diarrhea, relapsing fever and scabies.
5. Sufficient materials sanitation for 3.73 Always 4
handwashing and bathing.
73
Table 3
Weighted Mean on the Extent of Health Concern to Middle-Aged

Men Inmates in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
Region IV-A in terms of Activities of daily living
C. Activities of daily living Mean Verbal Rank

1. Regular schedule to do assigned task 3.70 Always 3.5
such as cleaning the designated area.
2. Right time to take a bath every day. 3.70 Always 3.5
3. Adequate and clean water to wash 3.88 Always 1
the plate after eating.
4. Regular schedule to clean and put in 3.80 Always 2
order our sleeping quarters.
5. Activities that make us productive 3.35 Always 5
such as recycling projects.
Table 4

Region IV-A in terms of Physical Condition
D. Physical Condition Mean Verbal Rank

As an inmate at Teresa BJMP I want to Interpretation
be provided with health services
concerning:
1. A better eyesight/vision. 3.12 MEC 5
2. Hand works such as writing, sweeping the 3.14 4
floor and watering plants. MEC
3. Medicine for body pain such as MEC
rheumatism, osteoarthritis and back 3.20 3
ache.
4. Physical activities such as basketball 3.27 GEC 1
and jogging.
5. Walks properly without the aid of 3.24 MEC 2
other people.
Grand Mean 3.19 MEC
74
Table 5

Region IV-A in terms of Emotional Condition
E. Emotional Condition Mean Verbal Rank

As an inmate at Teresa BJMP I want to be Interpretation
provided with health services concerning:
1. Counselling session for positive outlook. 3.22 MEC 3
2. Productive activities such as drafting, 2.80 MEC 4.5
sewing and crochet.
3. Reading newspaper and magazines to
update current events. 2.80 MEC 4.5
4. Spiritual program such as bible study and 3.25 GEC 2
sharing of gospel.
5. Leisure activities such as watching TV 3.39 GEC 1
and listening music.
Grand Mean 3.09 MEC
Table 6

Region IV-A in terms of Emotional Condition
F. Social Health Mean Verbal Rank

As an inmate at Teresa BJMP I want to be Interpretation
provided with health services concerning:
1. Socialization with others such as talking 3.34 GEC 2.5
and communicating.
2. Social activities such as singing contest 2.84 MEC 5
and dance competition.
3. Enough time for family visitation. 3.29 GEC 4
4. Good relationship with others like joining 3.34 GEC 2.5
in all activities.
5. Adequate time in all activities inside the 3.35 GEC 1
jail.
Grand Mean 3.23 MEC
75
Table 7
Criteria r P HO VI
Basic Health and Wellness

Needs and Extent of Health .260 .001 R S
Concern
Table 8
Penology Region IV-A in terms of Age
Criteria Sum of Df Mean F P HO VI

Square Square
a. Nutrition 1.38 3 .461 2.192 .091
Between 30.71 146 .210 FR NS
Groups Total
b. Hygiene 0.41 3 .135 .724 .539
Between 27.23 146 .187 FR NS
Groups Total
living Between 27.92 146 .191. FR NS
Groups Total
0.56 3 .185 1.331 .267
Overall 20.34 146 .139 FR NS
20.90 149
d. Physical 2.36 3 .788 1.064 .367
Between 110.52 149
Groups Within
Total
e. Emotional 1.06 3 .354 .425 .736
Between 122.70 149
Groups Within
Total
f. Social Health 0.99 3 .332 .492 .689
Between 98.64 146 .676 FR NS
Total
1.29 3 .430 .683 .564
Overall 91.89 146 .629 FR NS
93.18 149
76
Table 9

Penology Region IV-A in terms of Civil Status

Square Square
a. Nutrition 0.68 3 .226 1.051 .372
Between 31.42 146 .215 FR NS
Groups Total
b. Hygiene 0.73 3 .243 1.319 .271
Between 26.90 146 .184 FR NS
Groups Total
c. Activities of 0.54 3 .180 .948 .419
daily living 27.75 146 .190 FR NS
Between 28.29 149
Groups Within
Groups Total
0.58 3 .194 1.397 .246
Overall 20.31 146 .139 FR NS
20.90 149
d. Physical 1.86 3 .620 .833 .478
Between 110.52 149
Groups Within
Groups Total
e. Emotional 0.85 3 .283 .339 .797
Between 122.70 149
Groups Within
Groups Total
f. Social Health 1.54 3 .514 .766 .515
Between 98.09 146 .672 FR NS
Groups Total
1.24 3 .412 .654 .582
Overall 91.94 146 .630 FR NS
93.18 149
77
Table 10
ANOVA on the Extent of Health Concern of Middle-Aged Men

Inmates in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
Region IV-A in terms of Health Status

Square Square
a. Nutrition 1.14 1 1.136 5.433 .021
Within 32.09 149
Groups Total
b. Hygiene 1.20 1 1.199 6.714 .011
Total
c. Activities of daily 1.93 1 1.929 10.829 .001
living Between 26.36 148 .178 R S
Groups Total
1.40 1 1.400 10.628 .001
Overall 19.50 148 .132 R S
20.90 149
d. Physical 0.00 1 .000 .000 .990
Within Groups
Total
e. Emotional 0.24 1 .237 .286 .594
Within Groups
Total
f. Social Health 0.01 1 .013 .020 .889
Total
0.04 1 .039 .062 .804
Overall 93.14 148 .629 FR NS
93.19 149
78
Table 11
ANOVA on the Extent of Health Concern of Middle-Aged Men Inmates

in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Region IV-A
in terms of Number of Years Incarcerated

Square Square
a. Nutrition 1.03 3 .258 1.202 .313
Within 32.09 149
Groups Total
b. Hygiene 0.49 3 .121 .648 .629
Total
living Between 27.55 145 .190 FR NS
Groups Total
0.67 4 .166 1.191 .317
Overall 20.23 145 .140 FR NS
20.90 149
d. Physical 4.33 3 1.082 1.477 .212
Within Total
e. Emotional 5.07 3 1.268 1.563 .187
Within Total
f. Social Health 2.66 3 .665 .994 .413
Within Total 99.63 149
3.32 4 .831 1.341 .258

Overall 89.85 145 .620 FR NS
93.18 149
79
CURRICULUM VITAE
VIA L. ANDRES
Brgy. Sta. Ana Taytay, Rizal
Contact No: 09975796816
Email Add: yhang_andres@yahoo.com
__________________________________________________________________
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Sex : Female
Age : 20
Birth date : October 08, 1997
Civil status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Mother’s name : Lourdes L. Andres
Father’s name : Alexander M. Andres
Language Spoken : Filipino and English
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Tertiary : University of Rizal System Taytay

Bachelor of Science Major in Nursing
2015-present
Secondary : Magdiwang National High School
2010 – 2014
Primary : Ipil Elementary School
2004 - 2010
SEMINARS ATTENDED
“Understanding HIV/AIDS and Life after

Bullying” University of Rizal System
(December 10, 2015)
80
Certificate of Participation ‘Psych ED, Talk

2016” University of Rizal Sytem
“Interpretation of ECG as easy as ABC”
University of Rizal System College of Nursing
(October 4, 2016)
“Assertiveness in the Workplace”
(October 4, 2016)
“Resiliency: Challenge to the Millennials”
University of Rizal System-Taytay Campus
(October 10, 2017)
Certificate of Membership Nightingale
Society Organization (NSO)
(October 14, 2015)
“Transformational Leadership: Career
Preparedness for the Millennials”
(October 08, 2018)
“Effective Management of Behavioural Health
Related Issues in the Workplace”
(October 15, 2018)
ORGANIZATIONS
Nightingale Society Organization (Member)

(2015 – present)
Voices Society (Member)
(2015 – 2016)
81
CURRICULUM VITAE

282 San Jose Extension Brgy. San Isidro
Antipolo, City
Contact No: 09238644505
Email Add: nicolebailio@yahoo.com
_________________________________________________________________
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Sex : Female
Age : 19
Birth date : February 26, 1999
Mother’s name : Cynthia O. Bailio
Father’s name : Wigberto C. Bailio

2015-present
Secondary : San Isidro National High School
2011 – 2015
Primary : San Isidro Elementary School
2005 – 2011
SEMINARS ATTENDED

82
(December 10, 2015)

(October 4, 2016)
(October 4, 2016)
(October 10, 2017)
(October 14, 2015)
Preparedness for the Millennilas”
(October 08, 2018)
“Effective Management of Behavioural Health Related
Issues in the Workplace”
(October 15, 2018)
ORGANIZATIONS

(2015 – present)
(2015 – 2016)
83
CURRICULUM VITAE

Mabuhay Homes Pantok Binangonan, Rizal
Contact No: 09494325506
Email Add: Jayr_garcia14@yahoo.com
__________________________________________________________________
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Sex : Male
Age : 19
Birth date : December 14, 1998
Mother’s name : Carla E. Garcia
Father’s name : Roberto Sy. Garcia Sr.

2015-present
Secondary : Philippine Best Training School
2011 – 2015
Primary : Mabuhay Homes 2000 Elementary School
2005 – 2011
SEMINARS ATTENDED

Bullying” University of Rizal Syst
(December 10, 2015)
84

(October 4, 2016)
(October 4, 2016)
(October 10, 2017)
(October 14, 2015)
Preparedness for the Millennials”
(October 08, 2018)
Effective Management of Behavioural Health
(October 15, 2018)
ORGANIZATIONS

(2015 – present)
(2015 – 2016)
85
CURRICULUM VITAE

#14 Gomez St. Kapalaran Subd. Barangay San Juan
Taytay, Rizal
Contact No: 09061970347
Email Add: Crigeljanejamig@yahoo.com
__________________________________________________________________
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Sex : Female
Age : 19
Birth date : August 07, 1999
Religion : Born Again (Christian)
Mother’s name : Lydia R. Jamig
Father’s name : Edwin M. Jamig

2015-present
Secondary : Taytay National High School
2011 – 2015
Primary : Kapalaran Elementary School
2005 – 2011
SEMINARS ATTENDED

86
(December 10, 2015)

(October 4, 2016)
(October 4, 2016)
(October 10, 2017)
(October 14, 2015)
Preparedness for the Millennilas”
(October 08, 2018)
“Effective Management of Behavioural Health
(October 15, 2018)
ORGANIZATIONS

(2015 – present)
(2015 -2016)
87

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EXTENT OF HEALTH CONCERN AMONG MIDDLE-AGED MEN INMATES

An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

theoretical and conceptual framework, statement of the problem, hypothesis, scope

and limitation, significance of the study and the definition of terms.

care in jails is a necessary to prevent the wide spread of illnesses.

affected by several chronic conditions such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes

According to Watson et al., (2004) point out in opposition to members of the

In conformity of Newton Kendig, (2013) he noted that jails provide a strategic

treatments prior to incarceration.3

As stated by Sen. Leila de Lima, (2018) wants to integrate the management of

congestion is also a root of cause of prison based criminality. She mentioned

problems that lead to prisons criminality maltreatment of inmates, official misconduct

working conditions poor sanitation and other infectious diseases.4

needs services provided by the BJMP.

Background of the Study

human or degrading treatment of punishment. The objective of these visits is to

Philippines have no access agency concerning the health problems of prisoners.

Overcrowding as stated is dangerous to health and to human life. It breeds diseases,

breakdown disciplines and exacerbates tensions. (https://www.preda.org/media/)5

Overcrowding in prisons is a common problems that affects many countries.

in human, cruel degrading treatment. (https://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/sanipe)6

Further, penitentiary overcrowding or overpopulation can have consequences

propagation, essentially infectious and parasitic diseases. (https://scielo.isciii./pdf/)7

Another side effect of over population is passive smoking. In recent article on

cardiovascular risk factors among inmates, a 78.8% smoking prevalence was

observed among inmates in Castellon. Overcrowding can cause behavioural

disorders and affect the psychological health of persons. (https://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/)8

the prisoners due to tuberculosis and other respiratory diseases.9

Imprisonment is one of the most common mode of punishment however we

In the Philippines, the right to food of prisoners is embodied in the guidelines

Corrections BuCor) (www.google.com.ph.)10

food is in accordance to the Prisoner Subsistence Allowance (PSA). Meanwhile,

clothing in compliance with established United Nations Standards.

one portion of meat and one fruit.

have easily acquire different kind of diseases.11

needs in order to survive their daily living.

complete medical care.

Based on World Health Organization strongly recommend that prison and

have access to an appropriate quality of health care is by providing close links

inmates integrating into society to embark or productive activities and avoid

becoming burden to all.13

Provision occurs in an environment that poses unique challenges for all

inmates from assisting with prison administration or governance. This is feasible in

developed countries where governments can provide adequate resources, security

and personnel. It is not, however realistic in developing countries like which is

characterized by poverty, corruption and under resourcing of correctional and

As stated by Christopher Wildeman, he suggested that correctional facilities

medical care that they haven’t gotten.

criminal justice system.

recover those cost from the inmates. (https://washington.D.:Bureauofjustice)15

both fiscally responsible and protective of public health and safety.

A continuing challenges in public health is to get services to the people who

Purpose of the Study

the things that affects the health conditions.

According to Helbert Dunn, it forms of different dimensions such as physical,