SCIENCE INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

Researched by:

CERWIN JOSH VEGA L. LIWANAG

Grade V– Diamond

Tala Elementary School

Caloocan North III District
Division of Caloocan

INDIVIDUAL CATEGORY
APPLED SCIENCE

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researcher can’t help but express his deep appreciation to the persons who

inspired in conducting the study.

To DR. OFELIA O. CANIEDO, Principal of Tala Elementary School, for her

usual support and love to the pupils and teachers.

To MRS. SHERLEY B. CASIMERO, our Science teacher who gives support

and guidance to make this study successful.

To MRS.RUBY ROSE C. DE GUZMAN, our School Science Coordinator for

her words of advice.

To MRS. FLORENCIA L. LIWANAG and MR. LORETO M. LIWANAG ,

my parents, for their untiring support and became our source of inspiration to make

this project possible.

2
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Title Page------------------------------------------------- 1
Acknowledgement-------------------------------------- 2
Table of Contents--------------------------------------- 3
Abstract--------------------------------------------------- 4
List of Tables--------------------------------------------- 12
CHAPTER I:
The Problem and its Background
a. Introduction--------------------------------- 5-6
b. Statement of the Problem----------------- 6
c. Formulation of the Hypothesis---------- 7
d. Significance of the Study------------------ 7
e. Scope and Limitations--------------------- 7
f. Definition of Terms------------------------- 8
CHAPTER II:
Review of Related Literature----------------- 8 - 10
CHAPTER III:
Methodology of Research--------------------- 11
CHAPTER IV:
Presentation and Interpretation of Data
Findings (Tables) ------------------------------- 12
CHAPTER V: Conclusions and Recommendations

3
 Conclusions -------------------------------------- 12
Recommendations------------------------------- 13
Bibliography--------------------------------------------- 14
Photo Credits-------------------------------------------- 15
ABSTRACT
Malunggay ( Moringa Oleifera) is called a miracle vegetable because it is not

only a food, it is also a medicine. It may therefore be a functional food. This plant

tree is not only useful but it is the most nutritional vegetable and a herbal plant. Its

flowers, leaves, young pods and roots are being utilized. It is native to India but has

spread to other tropical regions; in the Phillipines, it grows rapidly and with ease in

nearly backyard when desired. Its leaves contain different amino acids such as

cholesterol enzyme.

This study was conducted because the researcher wanted to know if the

malunggay leaves can be an effective cleaning agent to household stains. Through

this, the researcher will determine the effect of malunggay leaves to common

household stains and if there is significant difference between the malunggay

leaves and the commercial one.

After this study, the researcher proved that malunggay leaves with baking

soda can remove stains on common household stains and there is no significant

difference between the product and the commercial one. People who cannot afford

to buy commercial cleaning agent will greatly benefit from this research.

4
 This study will be highly recommended for it is very simple and you do not

need to resort to much expensive cleaning agents and it will not cost a lot.

Malunggay is very accessible and available because it can be seen anywhere.

CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

1. INTRODUCTION
Cleaning agent refers to all compositions intended to be used in connection

with and for increasing the effectiveness of cleaning activities . Cleaning agent

includes but is not limited to hard surface cleaning compositions ( kitchen,

bathroom, floor, general household & glass cleaning compositions), detergents,

dishwashing and food cleaning compositions, disinfectants and the like. The term

cleaning as used herein refers to those activities which involve the removal of

undesirable residues from surfaces and particularly includes activities such as

chemical, mechanical and thermal cleaning activities as well as combinations

thereof.

Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera), is a popular plant known for high nutritional

value as well as an herbal medicine. Malunggay is a plant that grows in the tropical

climates such as the Philippines, India and Africa. It is rich in nutrients; it helps

clean turbid water because it acts as a flocculant that is able to precipitate

suspended particles; it is a source of oil; and it has some medicinal properties.

5
 Malunggay is easy to plant and is drought resistant. It is grown all over the

Philippines as a backyard tree and is available throughout the year. The leaves,

flowers and fruits (that are pods) are edible and Filipinos eat them as vegetable.

Malunggay leaves are loaded with nutrients, especially vitamins and mineral.

Research study conducted by Dr. Lydia Marero of the Food and Nutrition Research

Institute (FNRI) of the Philippines revealed that one hundred grams or one cup of

cooked malunggay leaves contain 3.1g protein, 0.6 g fiber, 96mg calcium, 29mg

phosphorus, 1.7 mg iron, 2,820 mg beta-carotene, 0.07 mg thiamin, 0.14 mg

riboflavin, 1.1 mg niacin and 53 mg ascorbic acid (Vit. C).

Malunggay has also earned the name Nature’s Medicine Cabinet because it

has 90 nutrients, 46 antioxidants, 36 anti-inflammatory properties, 18 amino acids,

anti-cancer properties, anti-bacterial properties, anti-aging properties, properties

that keep bad cholesterol in check, omega-3 oils, and chlorophyll.

2.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of malunggay leaves as

cleaning agent. Specifically, to answer the following questions:

1. Can the malunggay leaves be an effective cleaning agent on common

household stains?

6
 2. Is there any significant difference between the malunggay leaves and the

commercial one?

3. FORMULATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS:

1. The malunggay leaves can be an effective cleaning agent on common

household stains.

2. There is no significance difference between the malunggay leaves and the

commercial one.

4.SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:

This study will help promote environment friendly, cheap and affordable

cleaning agent . This study can contribute an idea to the students in creating new

alternative cleaning agents derived from any abundant plants. Studies like this

develops the value of resourcefulness and open-mindedness to young researchers

and if landed on the right abundant plant, this will serve as an everyday use to

clean common household stains.

5.SCOPEANDLIMITATIONS:

This study is only limited for the investigation of malunggay leaves as

cleaning agent.
7
6. DEFINITION OF TERMS

Cleaning agent - are substances used to remove dirt, including dust, stains , bad

smells and clutter on surfaces.

Pound - to crush or break (something) into very small pieces by hitting it again

and again.

Extract – a substance that you get from something by using a machine or

chemicals

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera), is a popular plant known for high nutritional

value as well as an herbal medicine. Malunggay is a plant that grows in the

tropical. Malunggay is widely used as vegetable ingredient in cooking, as herbal

medicine for a number of illness and other practical uses. Malunggay is known as a

very nutritious plant where it is used to combat malnutrition in third world

countries especially for infants and nursing mothers.

8
 A cleaning agent conforming to the present invention may take any form that

is suitable for the application intended and be applied by a way of a suitable

cleaning procedure. Liquid cleaning agents can sometimes be treated as

concentrates. The use of a cleaning agent conforming to the present invention is

also possible in the form of creams, pastes, powders, pearls, tablets, etc.

application as a solution, suspension, emulsion, spray, foam, on a moistened cloth,

etc. as well as the extract exterior presentation depends above all in the application

intended. Mechanical cleaning activities include the use of forces exerted onto the

residues, potentially including the use of tools such as sponges, scrapers and the

like and/or potentially including other means to deliver the forces such as

ultrasonic waves, a beam of solid particles and the like.

Moringa oleifera locally known as 'malunggay' has been an important

crop in the Philippines utilizing mainly the leaves and young pods as vegetable.

Furthermore, rural folks usually utilize its roots (as decoction of boiled roots) to

wash sores and ulcers. Over the past decades, studies have been made describing

not only its nutritional properties but also its outstanding medicinal properties.

Thus, these apparent applications of malunggay by the locals and its reported

medicinal properties encouraged this study to evaluate the antibacterial potential of

malunggay root extracts in gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus

subtilis) and gram-negative (Eschirichia coli and Salmonella typhii) bacteria. The

9
aqueous (distilled water) and alcohol (95% ethyl alcohol) root extracts of

malunggay exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. typhii. On the

other hand, only the alcohol extract showed antibacterial activity against B.

subtilis. Moreover, this study showed that the antibacterial activity of alcohol root

extract was significantly higher than that of aqueous in S. aureus and B.subtilis.

However, both extracts did not show any antibacterial activity against E. coli. The

antibacterial activity of Streptomycin (positive control) was higher compared to

that of the alcohol and aqueous root extracts of malunggay in all of the four test

organisms.

Science researches show that Malunggay is anti infectious, antibacterial;

antifungal .In late 1940's, The Department of Biochemistry at the Indian Institute

of Science in Bangalore (PLN Rao) have found that malunggay or Moringa

Oleifera leaves contain a compound "pterygospermin" that is known in medical

science as having antimicrobial, antibacterial, anti fungal properties.Malunggay is

also anti-inflamatory: Malunggay has been found to inhibit inflammation in a

controlled scientific study conducted by Philippine DOST Scientists (Amelia P.

Guevara, Carolyn Vargas and Milagros Uy).

10
 CHAPTER III
1. METHODOLOGY

A. Materials

5 cups malunggay leaves Small jars

mortar and pestle 2 1/2 tsp. baking soda

5 tsp. water sponge

B. Procedure

1. Pound the malunggay leaves using mortar and pestle to get the extract

from it.

2. Mix the pounded malunggay leaves with baking soda and then water.

3. After mixing, place the mixture in a container.

C. Testing

1. Using the sponge, apply the mixture on stained areas (kitchen sink,

refrigerator wall and tile walls).

2. After cleaning/applying the mixtures on stained areas, rinse immediately.

Observation was then done.

11
 CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION AND INTRPRETATION OF DATA
Result and Discussion
It shows the ratings and comments of people who tried to use my product.

Name Kitchen Refrigerator Tiles Comments

Sink Wall
Rhodora Aberin 2 2 2 It is effective.
Rose Capalad 3 2 2 It really clean the stains.
Nieves Amat 2 2 3 It is amazing.
Adhel Madayag 3 2 2 The cleaning agent is
effective.
Marivic Secretario 2 2 3 It is cheap,yet effective.

Legend: 1-excellent 2-very good 3-good 4-fair 5-poor

CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

CONCLUSION
After this study, the researcher proved that malunggay leaves with baking soda
can remove stains on common household stains and there is no significant difference

12
between the product and the commercial one. It is a job well done especially to those
who made this set up achievable. Also, the researcher is able to answer all the
questions and able to bear out that malunggay can be an effective cleaning agent.

RECOMMENDATION
Everyday, mother at home thinks on how to clean common stains without
spending much. These days, at times of financial crisis, we resort to less spending
ways of cleaning. This study will be highly recommended for it is very simple and
you do not need to resort much expensive cleaning agents and it will not cost a lot.
Malunggay is very accessible and available because it can be seen anywhere.

13
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Websites:
https://studymoose.com/malunggay-oleifera-as-cleaning-agent

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malunggay

http://www.medicalhealthguide.com

http://www.merriam-webster.com

http://www.pchrd.dost.gov.ph

14
15