A

SEMINAR REPORT

ON

LITERATURE REVIEW OF Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA)

In partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of

Bachelor of Technology

in

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted By: Guided By:

MEGHA SHARMA PROF. ASHISH MATHUR
12EJTEC039 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
ECE Final Year ECE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

JIET SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY FOR GIRLS
JIET Universe, N.H. 65, New Pali Road, Mogra,
Jodhpur-342802(Raj.)

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

(2015-16)

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 CERTIFICATE

Certified that seminar work entitled “LITERATURE REVIEW OF PLANAR

INVERTED F ANTENNA (PIFA)” is a bonafide work carried out in the Eighth
semester by “MEGHA SHARMA” partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of
Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Rajasthan Technical
University during the academic year 2015-2016 who carried out the seminar work
under the guidance and no part of this work has been submitted earlier for the award of
any degree.

Prof. Shagun Choudhary Prof. Ashish Mathur

Seminar Incharge Guide

Head of the Department

Prof. Sanjay B.C. Gaur

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At the outset, we thank God almighty for making our endeavour a success. We also
express our gratitude to Prof. SANJAY B.C. GAUR, Head of the Department, Division
of Electronics and Communication Engineering for providing us with adequate facilities,
ways and means by which we were able to complete this seminar.
We express our sincere gratitude to our Seminar Guide Prof. ASHISH MATHUR,
Deputy HOD Division of Electronics and Communication Engineering for her constant
support and valuable suggestions without which the successful completion of this
seminar would not have been possible.
I express my gratitude to all my friends and classmates for their support and help in this
seminar.
I gratefully acknowledge the revivers for their insightful suggestion who gave me various
ideas in this report.
Last, but not the least I wish to express my gratitude to God almighty for his abundant
blessings, without which this seminar would not have been successful.

MEGHA SHARMA
BATCH – E2
BRANCH – ECE
SEMESTER - VIII

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 ABSTRACT

In this paper the theoretical study on the ‘Planar Inverted F Antenna Technology’ is
presented and several research works done on PIFA are categorized and discussed. PIFA
is most commonly used and extensively demanded antenna especially in mobile
communication.
Because of its low profile, moderate gain, good radiation pattern, multiband operation.
The idea of the paper is to give an overview and understanding of small antennas for
wireless devices. Finally we have summarized the benefits of using PIFA structure for
USB dongle.
The name PIFA occurs from the linear inverted F antennas which were wire
structures above a ground plane, forming the F shape. Gradually the performance of
PIFA was studied and compared with that of a monopole and helical antenna (as external
antennas) or micro strip antennas (as internal antennas) as they are the other popular
alternatives to be used in a handheld device. Currently, a broad range of devices such as
wearable devices, wireless sensors, and RFID, UWB and MIMO systems with adaptive
smart antennas uses PIFA as their basic antenna element.

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 CONTENTS
Page No.
Certificate ii
Acknowledgement iii
Abstract iv
Contents v
List of Figures vii
1. Introduction 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 History of PLANAR INVERTED F ANTENNA 3
1.3 Overview of seminar report 6
2. Literature survey 7
3. Planar Inverted F Antenna 19
3.1 Introduction to PIFA 19
3.2 Antenna Structure 22
3.2.1 The Inverted-L Antenna 22
3.2.2 The Inverted-F Antenna 23
3.2.3 The Dual Inverted-F Antenna 23
3.2.4 DESIGN EQUATIONS 24
4. Design of Planar Inverted F Antenna 28
4.1 ANTENNA STRUCTURE 29
4.1.1 Techniques to Increase the Bandwidth for the PIFA 30
4.1.2 PIFA Dimensions 30
4.1.3 Resonant Frequency 31
4.1.4 Effects of Substrate Parameters 32
4.1.5 Efficiency and Impedance Matching 32
4.1.6 Radiation Pattern and Electric Field Distribution 33
4.2 Current Distribution 33
4.3 VARIOUS STRUCTURES OF PIFA 34
4.3.1 Bluetooth and WLAN antenna structure 34
4.3.2 PIFA in Smartphone 35
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 4.3.3 PIFA for Notebook 37
4.3.4 PIFA Antenna in USB Dongle 37
5. Future Scope, Advantages of PIFA and Conclusion 39
5.1 Planar inverted F antenna (F-PIFA) for mobile phone application 40
5.2 conclusion 41
Reference 42

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 LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No. Figure Name Page No.
3.1 Planar Inverted F Antenna 21
3.2 Inverted L Antenna 22
3.3 Inverted F Antenna 23
3.4 Dual Inverted F antenna 24
3.5 Basic layout of the planar inverted-F antenna 24
3.6 Schematic of planar inverted-F antenna 25
3.7 Typical layout of PIFA 26
4.1 Basic PIFA Structure 29
4.2 Bluetooth structure and top view 35
4.3 Antenna fabricate in Smartphone 36
4.4 Antennas in Notebook 37
4.5 Structure of PIFA antenna in USB Dongle 38
5.1 VSWR of Proposed Antenna 39

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 LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Table Name Page No.
1 Parameters of PIFA and Differences 11

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