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Teo
Teo
1. Put the verbs into the correct tense (present simple OR present continuous):
The train always ________________(1: leave) on time.
"What's the matter? Why ________________(2: cry/you)?"
That's strange. They________________(3: not to watch) TV.
He________________(4: not to speak) very good English.
Please be quiet! I________________(5: do) my homework.
Where________________(6: live/they)?
Listen! John ________________ music! (7: play)
I never ________________(8: go) to the swimming pool.
Harold Black's a famous pianist. He________________(9: give) two or three concerts every
week. He ________________(10: travel) a lot and this week he's in New York.
He________________(11: stay) at an expensive hotel. He's at his hotel now.
He________________(12: have) his breakfast in the dining−room. He________________(13:
drink) a cup of coffee and he________________(14: read) a newspaper. Harold's always very
busy. He________________(15: play) the piano regularly. He________________(16: practise)
for four hours every day. He________________(17: go) to bed late and he always
________________(18: get up) early. But he sometimes________________(19: get) dressed too
quickly, and this morning he________________(20: wear) one blue sock and one red one!
2. Complete the sentences below using one of the verbs in the box in the correct form. You
may use each verb once only.
enjoy prefer play produce work seem know interview wait talk finish
B
1. I am _______ a sandwich now. 4. _____ you waiting for a bus?
eats Do
eating Are
not eat Does
eat Is
2. I am busy right now. I _______ breakfast. 5. What _____________? It looks awful.
am have do you drinking
have are you drink
having are you drinking
am having does you drink
3. My daughter _________ studying English at 6. We ________ enjoying our holiday here so
Istanbul University. much.
is don't
does are
do is
not doesn't
3
7. What _____ John ___________ at the Float
moment? 16. Why ..... ? You should be listening to me!
does / do you talk
is / do
you are talking
are / doing
is / doing do you talk
8. I ___________ sitting down at the moment. are you talking
am not 17. What ..... next weekend, Yoshi?
are not you doing
is you do
don't do you do
9. Don't disturb him. He __________. are you doing
sleeps
18. Jane: Do you play the piano?
is sleeping
Mary: No, I ..... any musical instrument!
is sleep
sleep isn`t playing
10. They are ___________ their coats.. don`t play
not doesn`t play
put on am not playing
putting on 19. Money ..... on trees!
doesn't put isn`t growing
11. You'd better go to bed early tonight. The don`t grow
plane ..... at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning so we'll
doesn`t grow
have to be up by 4.30!
didn`t grow
will leave
20. You ..... into things and breaking them. How
leaves
can anyone be so clumsy?
leave
are always bumping
is leaving
always bumps
always bumping
always bump
12 My father ..... too much! 21. "What ..... about the plan to shorten the school
smoking holidays?"
smokes you think
smoke will you think
is smoking do you think
13 You should see the new Brad Pitt film. He plays are you thinking
the part of a cowboy who ..... up a lawless town. 22. Jane: "What ..... about?"
is cleaning Mary: "My summer holidays! I wish I was still
Cleans lying on the beach."
Cleaned you thinking
Clean does he think
14. Woo-Jin and I ..... basketball after school today. do you think
Do you want to play too? are you thinking
Played 23. My father ..... me to school this week because
Play we had an accident and our car is being
is playing repaired.
are playing isn`t driving
15. Oil ..... on water. hadn`t driven
is floating don`t drive
Floats doesn`t drive
Floating 24. Where does Helen ............ ?
living
4
live doing
lives does
is living do
25. She ....... in a bank. are doing
works 30. She ......... 15 cigarettes a day.
is working is smoking
working smoking
work smokes
26. Are you .......... for the bus? smoke
wait 31. He ........... a contract at the time.
waits sign
waiting signs
are waiting is signing
27. Helen and Peter ............ to school now. signing
go 32. How many letters do you ...... every day?
going copying
goes copy
are going copies
28. Does she ........... English? are copying
speaking 33. She ........ for another job.
speaks looks
is speaking look
speak looking
29. What do you ........... on Sundays? is looking
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SIMPLE & CONTINUOUS PAST
I. Put the verbs in parentheses into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous and translate (Scrie
verbul din paranteze la trecut simplu sau continuu şi tradu):
1. The ship (approach) _______________ Cape Town when the tornado (begin) _______________ .
2. The bomb (go) _______________ off when the president (give) _______________ a speech.
3. He (not hear) ________________ the bell because the radio (play) _______________ .
4. When I (get) ________________ home everybody (dance) _______________ .
5. The plane (catch) _______________ fire when it (take) ________________ off.
6. Tim (crash) _______________ into a street light because he (drive) _______________ too fast.
II. Turn the following into the interrogative and negative (Transformă următoarele propoziţii în
propoziţii interogative şi negative):
1. The children were laughing. 2. The man was waiting. 3. I was translating the text. 4. You were looking at the
picture. 5. The girl was coming home. 6. I was learning a poem. 7. The boys were drawing red cars. 8. Mother was
making the bed. 9. You were leaving the office. 10. We were buying fresh fruit.
III. Translate into English (Tradu în limba engleză):
1. Când am plecat de la poliţie John şi soţia lui încă mai vorbeau cu un poliţist.
2. Ce se întâmpla în casa ta când am trecut pe la tine ieri seară? Am sunat la uşă dar nu mi-a răspuns nimeni,
deşi se auzea muzică înăuntru.
3. I-am pus această întrebare de câteva ori, dar el nu m-a auzit fiindcă citea ziarul.
4. Eu încă dormeam când a venit stewardesa să ne spunem că trecem peste Himalaya.
5. Nu ne-am dus la teatru ieri deoarece nişte prieteni de-ai noştri veneau pe la ora şapte.
IV. Change the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous (Schimbă timpul
verbelor din paranteze în trecut simplu sau continuu):
0 For dinner, my sister (eat) ate pizza, but I (have) had soup.
1 My brother (drink) ________________ coffee while he (do) ________________ his homework.
2 He (walk) ________________ into the classroom, then he (sit) ________________ down.
3 While I (study) ________________ , Sue (run) ________________ into the library.
4 When the class (finish) ________________ , the teacher (drive) ________________ home.
5 Harry (sing) _______________ a song when Jane (come) _______________ in.
6 Nothing happened when I (turn on) ________________ the DVD player.
7 It (start) ________________ to rain while I (walk) ________________ to the park.
8 Yuki (listen) ________________ to the radio when the phone (ring) ________________ .
9 The children (go) ________________ the cinema last night.
10 Mr. Jones (find) ________________ some money when he (clean) ________________ the cupboards.
6
FOLLOW UP
~ focus on simple past ~
A – FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE PAST SIMPLE OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS:
When I ___________ (be) in Japan I ___________ (find) everything very different.
Two years ago my parents _________ (buy) a new car.
Last summer Peter ________ (spend) his holidays in a summer camp with his friends. They
_________ (go) swimming, they _________ (play) football and golf, they _______ (visit) many
interesting places.
My sister ________ (get) a good job in a bank.
Susan and her cousins ___________ (come) to Portugal ten years ago.
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~ focus on past tenses ~
A- Write “When” or “While”!
1.I was reading a book ........................................ suddenly I heard a noise.
2. ................................. Rose was cooking dinner, her husband went to work.
3. ................................ Sandra and Kathy were talking in the living-room, the doorbell rang.
4.Ben was playing in a basketball team ................................. he was a kid.
5. Sharon came home ................................... her brother was playing video games.
6. ................................... Angela got home, mom was making some coffee.
7. They were sleeping ........................................... the burglars broke in.
8. We were having a lesson ........................................ we heard a terrrible noise.
9. ...................................... I was cycling, the rain started.
10. He broke his arm ....................................... he was playing basketball.
ASSIGNMENT
1. _____________ to the park on Sunday. 7. ______________ when you tried to call them?
A. I went A. Were they sleeping
B. I was going B. Did they sleep
2. ______________ when I saw Neil. I stopped and 8. _____________ learning English 2 years ago.
had a chat. A. I was starting
A. I was running B. I started
B. i ran 9. __________________ the other one, didn´t you?
3. When _____________ to the party? A. You were preferring
A. Did you go B. You preferred
B. Were you going 10. I saw you yesterday.
4. I was talking to the students while Katie A. You were talking to Ainara
_______________ the parents B. You talked to Ainara
A. Was talking to 11. He was always
B. Talked to A. Coming to work late
5. When I was 12 _________________ B. Come to work late
A. I was very shy 12. When I saw Dave, he __________.
B. I was being very shy is working
6. When I woke up this morning worked
_________________ was working
A. It rained 13. You had a good time at the party, __________
B. It was raining you?
8
hadn't didn't listening
didn't don't listen
weren't 23 I ___________________ TV when I
14. __________ when the telephone rang? ____________ a loud noise.
Were you sleeping was watching / was hearinh
Did you sleep watched / was hearing
Were sleeping watched / heard
15. Dave, when __________ the ESL Cafe on the was watching / heard
Web? 24 What is wrong with this sentence? "She was
were you begin cleaning the garage while she saw a spider."
began "cleaning" must be "clean"
did you begin "saw" must be "was seeing"
16. You __________ me, did you? "while" must be "when"
understood "cleaning" must be "cleaned"
weren't understanding 25 ______ they swimming when the phone rang?
didn't understand Were
17. When __________ yesterday morning? Are
you got up Do
did you get up Did
were you getting up 26 Mrs Adams was ___________ dinner at 6 o'clock
18. While I __________ to work, I saw an accident. yesterday morning.
drove hasing
was driving had
did drive have
19. __________ well on this quiz? having
Did you 27 Tom wasn't reading a book. He ______________
Were you the dog.
Did you do was feeding
20. We _______________ down when we saw the fed
woman. was fed
walked is feeding
were walkes 28 _______ Ben was doing his homework, he got a
were walking text message from his friend.
walking When
21 While I ___________________ for English test While
yesterday, my brother _____________ fun with his However
friends. If
was studying / was having 29 What _________ Add and Helen __________
studied / was having when you broke the glass?
was studied / had are / doing
was studying / was hasing was / doing
22 What did you say? I _______________ to you. were / doing
am not listening did / did
wasn't listening
9
30. While we _______, we ________a horrible
accident. (drive, see)
was having
am having
Had
Have
was going
Goed
Goes
Went
was working
Worked
Works
always work
Were
would be
Are
Was
shopping – lost
was shoping – lost
shopped - was losing
was shopping – lost
Watched
was watching
Watch
Watches
break – walk
11
was breaking – walked
broke - were having
broke – had
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THE ENGLISH PRONOUN
Me & To Me
us them
to us to them
them me
to them to me
Q5 - He warned ____ about it. Q6 - Post it _____ as soon as you can, please.
us me
to us to me
me me
to me to me
me me
to me to me
me him
myself himself
me me
myself myself
me me
myself myself
Q7 - He's so ill he can't dress ____. Q8 - She took it upon ____ to organize everything.
him her
himself herself
me me
myself myself
hers my
herself myself
her my
hers mine
myself
Q7 - No one would help us, so we had to do it ____. Q8 - Someone took it while ___ were asleep.
us ourselves
ourself we
ourselves
him our
himself ours
mine yourself
my yourselves
myself Either could be used here.
Q13 - It's ____ not mine. Q14 - She didn't do ____ best.
her her
hers hers
herself herself
Pronouns
I us
me we
she they
her them
herself
we I
us me
14
Q7 - Between you and ____, I think it's a stupid idea. Q8 - ____ is the white one.
I Mine
me My
Q9 - What did ____ say about it? Q10 - They said ____ had to pay for it.
them us
they we
Q11 - I told ____ to be here at three o'clock. Q12 - What did ____ want?
he her
him she
Q13 - Tell ____ what happened. Q14 - If ____ have time, it should be OK.
I us
me we
Q15 - It's got nothing to do with ____. Q16 - I took ____ both.
you and me it
you and I they
its
them
her they
she them
he it
him them
us Them
we They
Either could be used here. Either could be used here.
her me
she I
Either could be used here
Q9 - I saw you and ____ there. Q10 - Between you and ____, I really didn't like it.
she me
her I
15
Q11 - My brother and ____ went there. Q12 - He gave it to me and ____.
I she
we her
me
Q1 - It took ____ an hour to get to work. Q2 - You take our books and I'll take ____.
they their
them theirs
they they
their them
them
they they
their their
them
they they
them them
they them
their they
them
~ Revision 1~
SUBJECT : Pronouns
A) Fill in the blanks with MY, YOUR, HIS, HER, ITS, OUR, YOUR, THEIR:
1. This is Tim. ………………. car is very fast.
2. Jane and I are in the garden. …………… books are in the classroom.
3. Are you a driver? Where is …………… car?
4. I am a driver. This is ……………. car.
5. She is my friend. …………. name is Meltem.
6. These are Mr. and Mrs. Brown. That’s ………….. house.
7. Look at that cat. …………… eyes are green.
8. Your friend and you are sad today. What’s ……………… problem?
9. That’s Mr. Green. He is driving …………… car.
10. Ali’s and Can’s bags are heavy. …………… bags are full.
11. Gokce and Meltem are listening to pop music. …………….. mother is cooking in the
kitchen.
12. The dog is eating a bone. ………….. teeth are very sharp.
13. Are you and your sister ready? …………… friend is waiting for you in the car.
14. A: What’s ………….. job?
B: I’m a mechanic.
15. Madonna is a famous singer. …………… new records are great.
16. Robert has got a dog. ………………. name is Bingo.
17. We have got a new house in İzmir. ……………. new house is very large.
18. The boys are riding ……………….. bicycles in the garden.
19. Ayşegul is going to school. …………….. school is very far.
20. Sue and Mary are wearing ear-rings. ………………. ear-rings are silver.
B) Rewrite these sentences using HE, SHE, IT, THEY, WE, HIS, HER, THEIR, OUR, ITS:
1. Jane’s father is very thin.
…………………………………………………………………………..
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2. Men’s trousers are very expensive.
…………………………………………………………………………..
3. Jim’s shirt is very long.
………………………………………………………………………….
4. Is your brother a businessman?
………………………………………………………………………….
5. My mother and I would like some tea.
………………………………………………………………………….
6. These are Ayşe’s and my books.
…………………………………………………………………………
7. Mrs. Brown’s daughters are in the garden.
…………………………………………………………………………
8. Where is Gökçe’s mother?
…………………………………………………………………………
9. My father’s car is blue.
…………………………………………………………………………
10.That rabbit is grey. The rabbit’s ears are long.
………………………………………………………………………….
11.The students’ books are in the classroom.
………………………………………………………………………….
12.This is Mrs. Brown’s coat, but these are the children’s coats.
………………………………………………………………………….
C. Rewrite the underlined words using MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, OURS, THEIRS:
1. This is Ayşe’s coat.
…………………………………………………………………………
2. It is my chocolate. Don’t eat!
…………………………………………………………………………
3. That red book is not Can’s book. His book is blue.
…………………………………………………………………………
4. A: Look at these keys. Are they our keys?
………………………………………………………………………
B: No, they are not your keys. They are my mother’s keys.
……………………………………………………………………..
5. A: Are those your glasses or my glasses on the table?
…………………………………………………………………….
B: I think, they are your glasses. My glasses aren’t on the table. They are in my bag.
…………………………………………………………………….
D. Fill in the blanks using MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, OURS, THEIRS:
1. A: Is this John’s tie?
B: Yes, it is ………….. .
2. My umbrella isn’t black. ……………. is grey.
3. There is a car near your house. Is it …………….. ?
4. That green shirt isn’t Ayşe’s. ………………. is blue.
5. Pass this ball to us. It is …………… .
6. They don’t like sandwiches. These sandwiches are not …………….. .
7. Don’t take these keys. They are not …………….. .
8. A: There is a pair of brown gloves here. Are they your gloves or my gloves?
B: I haven’t got brown gloves. They aren’t ………………. , they are ……………… .
9. A: Is their house old?
B: No, ……………… is very old.
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10. Can I take your pen? …………….. is at home.
E. Fill in the blanks with ME, YOU, HIM, HER, THEM, US, IT:
1. We are playing in the garden and Jim is playing with …………….. .
2. Are the lights on? Turn ……………. off!
3. Where is my book? I’m looking for ……………… .
4. She is very tired. Help …………….. .
5. I’m very thirsty. Give ……………. a glass of water.
6. This is Ahmet’s pen. Give it to …………… .
7. Look at …………… . Are they your friends?
8. Are you John Brown? There is a letter for …………. .
F. Fill in the blanks with MY, YOUR, HIS, HER, ITS, OUR, THEIR, ME, YOU, HIM,
HER, IT, US, THEM, MINE, YOURS, HERS, HIS, OURS, THEIRS where necessary:
1. Is that Jim’s tie? Show …………… this tie.
2. There is a pen on the table. Give ………….. to me.
3. Pass these books to your friends. They are ………….. .
4. A: Is this my umbrella?
B: No, it isn’t ………….. umbrella. …………. is on the table.
5. Gokce and I are in the classroom. ……………. bags are under the desk over there. Could
you bring ………….. to ………….. ?
6. Mr. and Mrs. Brown are at the door. This is …………. key. Please give ………… to
…………. .
7. A: Have you got a green pullover?
B: No, …………….. isn’t green. It’s blue.
8. Look at that man. ………….. name is John Brown. This passport is ……………. . Give
……………. to ……………. .
G. Rewrite the underlined parts using ME, HIM, HER, THEM, US, IT:
1. There are some books on the desk. Look at these books.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. She is turning the radio on.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. The teacher is asking Jane a question.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. Take your shoes off.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. The man is looking at Ali and me.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. Jim is giving his father some tea.
……………………………………………………………………………
7. This is the dog’s meat. Give the meat to the dog.
……………………………………………………………………………
8. Is Tom eating any oranges?
……………………………………………………………………………
9. Give the milk to that cat.
……………………………………………………………………………
10. Could you pass the salt to your mother?
……………………………………………………………………………
H) Complete the passage. Use appropriate pronouns
my your his her its our their his
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Hello. …………… name is Patrick. I’m nine. I have got a brother. His name is Andy and he’s eleven. We
are on holiday in Spain. The hotel is very good and …………. swimming-pool is large.
Andy and I have got a sister. ……….. name is Liz. She’s six years old. …………. mother and father are
in the restaurant now. Their friends, Mr. and Mrs. Bolton, are in the restaurant, too. …………. two sons
are in the pool.
Andy has got a girl-friend. …………… girl-friend’s name is Sandra. She’s in …………… class at school.
Where is your family? Is ……………. family here, too?
I) Choose the correct answers:
1. We / Us met Sally yesterday afternoon. She / Her came to the cinema with we / us.
2. I phoned Sarah last night and gave she / her the message.
3. My brother is older than I / me, but he / him isn’t as tall as I / me am.
4. “Who wants a cup of coffee?” “I / Me.”
5. A: Have you seen Simon today?”
B: Yes. I / Me saw he / him this morning. He / Him was going to the swimming pool.
6. A: What did those people want?
B: They / Them asked I / me to help they / them.
J) Choose the correct answers:
1. We know their / theirs telephone number, but they don’t know our / ours.
2. My / Mine car wasn’t as expensive as her / hers.
3. A: How are your / yours children?
B: Fine, thanks. How are your / yours?
4. Maria has got her / hers suitcase, but her / hers friends haven’t got their / theirs.
5. Our / Ours flat isn’t as big as their / theirs, but our / ours is much more comfortable.
6. Have you seen my / mine coat?
K) Complete the sentences using MYSELF, YOURSELF, HIMSELF, HERSELF, ITSELF,
OURSELVES, YOURSELVES, THEMSELVES:
1. Sue’s children are too young to look after ………………………………. .
2. An elephant hurt ……………………… when it tried to get out of the zoo yesterday.
3. I couldn’t borrow my mother’s car last night because she was using it ……………… .
4. I don’t need any help. I can take care of ………………………. .
5. Mr. Woods fell over and hurt …………………….. when he was running for a bus.
6. Would you all like to help …………………………… to sandwiches and cakes?
7. Sarah and I didn’t really enjoy ……………………………. at the disco last night.
8. I taught ……………………….. to play the guitar; I’ve never had lessons.
L) Complete each sentence using BY + A REFLEXIVE PRONOUN:
1. A: Who did you go to the cinema with?
B: Nobody, I went ………………………………………….. .
2. Since the old lady’s husband died, she’s been living …………………………………… .
3. Did someone help you move all the furniture, or did you do it all ……………………… ?
4. They need some help; they can’t manage …………………………………………… .
5. The dog opened the door ………………………………………. .
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ASSIGNMENT
Past simple or past continuous
Simple past or past continuous
1) Last Saturday when my brother arrived, I ... TV (to watch)
2) The police arrested the murderer when he ... an old woman (to attack)
3) My uncle ... all his fortune playing in casinos (to lose)
4) Yesterday it rained all day and the river almost ... its banks (to burst)
5) Last night when I left the party two gangs of hooligans ... (to fight)
6) Last Friday my father ... to Paris to visit my brother, who works there (to go)
7) They ... the new bridge in time for the Olympic Games (to finish)
8) My girlfriend didn't come with us to the cinema because she ... (to study)
9) When the teacher entered the classroom the students ... very loudly (to speak)
10) That terrible accident ... yesterday evening (to happen)
11) Last night when the thieves ... into my house I was sleeping (to break)
12) My parents ... in the Cathedral of Seville 40 years ago (to get married)
13) The Socialist Party ... the last elections and is now in power (to win)
14) The other day when I ... tennis I hurt my leg (to play)
15) Philip ... at home in very strange circumstances (to die)
16) Susan ... Law in the university of Madrid (to study)
17) Yesterday when you came home I ... the dog (to walk)
18) The plane ... into the mountains due to the weather conditions (to crash)
19) He ... late at the station and missed his train (to arrive)
20) The mother went to calm her little baby because she ... (to cry)
21) My neighbour ... a heart attack last year and still hasn't fully recovered (to have)
22) This morning while my friends played football I ... my homework (to do)
23) Last summer we ... to the south of Spain for our holidays (to go)
24) Yesterday night it was raining when we ... the Theatre (to leave)
Choose which verb tense (simple past or past continuous) fits better.
1. I ________ - I didn't hear you come in. a) was sleeping b) slept
2. I ________ to see her twice, but she wasn't home. a) was coming b) came
3. What ________? I was watching TV. a) did you do b) were you doing
4. Robin Hood was a character who ________ from the rich and gave to the poor. a) stole b) was stealing
5. Hey, did you talk to her? Yes, I ________ to her a) was talking b) talked
6. I ________ home very late last night. a) came b) was coming
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7. How long ________ the flu? a) did you have b) were you having
8. ________ a good time in Brazil? Yes, I had a blast! a) Were you having b) Did you have
9. We ________ breakfast when she walked into the room. a) had b) were having
10. Last month I decided to buy a new car, and today I finally ________ it. a) bought b) was buying
Complete the following sentences with the correct form (Past Simple or Past Continuous).
1. A: What (you, do) ___________________ when you heard that noise?
B: I (try) ___________________ to change a light bulb that had burnt out.
2. After I (find) ___________________ the wallet full of money, I (go,
immediately)___________________ to the police and (turn) ___________________ it in.
3. The doctor (say) ___________________ that Brian (be) _________________ too weak to go to work
and that he (need) ___________________ to stay at home for a couple of days.
4. My best friend (arrive) ___________________ at my house a little before 9:00 pm, but I (be, not)
___________________ there. I (study) ___________________ at the library for my final examination in
Italian.
5. John is in the living room working on his computer. At this time yesterday, he (work, also)
___________________ on his computer. That's all he ever does!
6. I (call) ___________________ you last night after dinner, but you (be, not)___________________
there. Where were you? B: I (work) ___________________ out at the gym.
7. When I (walk) ___________________ into the busy office, the secretaries
(talk)___________________ on the phone with customers, a clerk (work, busily)___________________
at his desk, and two managers (discuss, quietly) ___________________ methods to improve customer
service.
8. I (watch) ___________________ a thriller on T.V. when the electricity went out. Now I am never
going to find out how the film ends.
9. Samantha (be) ___________________ in the room when Bob (tell) ___________________ me what
happened, but she didn't hear anything because she (be, listen) ___________________ to music.
10. It's strange that you (call) ___________________ because I (think, just) ___________________
about you.
Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Continuous or the Past Simple.
1) Frank _______________ (finish) his lunch and ____________ (ring) his friend Jason.
2) Jason ____________ (watch) TV when Fran______________ (phone) him.
3) He ____________ (turn off) the TV when he ____________ (hear) the phone ringing.
4) They _________________________ (decide) what to do when Jason _____________________
(suggest) going to the club.
5) Frank _______________ Jason ____________ (pick up) and _________________ (drive) to the club.
6) Two other people _______________________(use) their tennis court when they
_________________________ (arrive).
7) They ______________________ (drink) a soda and ____________________ (eat) a sandwich while
they _____________________(wait) to play.
8) While they __________________________ (play), it ________ (start) to rain so they
______________________ (have) to stop playing.
PRONOUNS FOLLOW UP
A.
1. I didn't buy ---- in the end. license.
A) nothing A) wants / their
B) something B) want / their
C) everybody C) wants / theirs
D) anything D) want / theirs
2. It's not good if everyone ---- to get ---- own 3. He was an only child, so he had to learn how
23
to amuse ----. 7. No one can find Alice and David ----.
A) himself A) everywhere
B) him B) somewhere
C) anybody C) anywhere
D) each other D) nowhere
4. They always defend ----. If you blame one, the 8. Despite her father's complaints, she decided to
other will spring to her aid. live ---- in Canada.
A) themselves A) herself
B) one another B) of her own
C) him C) by herself
D) them D) her
5. He claimed to be an expert, but he knew 9. The music in the house was so loud that
almost ---- about it. everybody had to shout to make ---- heard.
A) everything A) herself
B) nothing B) oneself
C) anything C) themselves
D) something D) them
6. If ---- had called, they would have left a 10. There was ---- to help me so I had to do all
message. the cleaning myself.
A) anybody A) anybody
B) nobody B) no one
C) everybody C) somebody
D) no one D) everyone
B
1. Tom had had enough of school, ---- is why he B) that
decided to join the Marines. C) whom
A) that D) whose
B) what E) who
C) whom 5. In 1851,---- an international tournament was
D) where organized by the great English player Howard
E) which Staunton, the modern competitive age of chess
2. If you are planning to drive a long distance, began in London.
you should drive during the time of the day ---- A) that
you are normally awake. B) when
A) which C) which
B) whom D) where
C) when E) whose
D) whose 6. I have always found that it's helpful to have a
E) who few wise and trusted people to ---- you can turn
3. In areas ---- many elderly live alone, the for information and advice.
police may visit their homes to make sure they A) whom
are all right. B) that
A) that C) whose
B) which D) who
C) whose E) which
D) whom 7. While starting your own business the first
E) where principle is to select people ---- you have trust
4. Canada is one of the few forested nations ---- and confidence.
forests are mostly public property. A) on which
A) which B) whose
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C) in whom resourceful and less stressful manner.
D) where A) which
E) of which B) what
8. Jack London, ---- works deal romantically C) where
with the overwhelming power of nature and the D) that
struggle for survival, was a prolific American E) whose
novelist and short story writer. 10. Many foods ---- we consume today are all
A) which military creations and were first designed for
B) whose soldiers.
C) where A) that
D) what B) of which
E) who C) where
9. Parents can learn to create an environment ---- D) when
their child can grow and thrive in a more E) at which
25
PRESENT PERFECT
A) Write a suitable sentence using the PRESENT PERFECT TENSE :
1. Ann’s hair was dirty. Now it’s clean. (wash) ……... Ann has washed her hair…………
2. Tom was 80 kg. Now he’s 70. (lose weight) ……………………………………………..
3. Bill played football yesterday. Now he can’t walk; his leg is in plaster. (break)
4. My sister is looking for her pen. (lose) ……………………………………………………
5. Mary is on holiday in France. (go) ………………………………………………………..
6. Mr. Hill was in Canada last week. He’s back in London now. (be) ………………………
7. Look! Mrs. Smith has got a lot of packages. (buy) ……………………………………….
8. I can’t eat anything now. (eat too much) ………………………………………………….
9. Mrs. Jenkins is very tired. (clean / house) …………………………………………………
10. Tony needs a holiday. (work / hard / this year) ……………………………………………
C) Put the verbs in the correct tense. Use the SIMPLE PAST or the PRESENT PERFECT:
1. ……………………….. Tim ………………………. (finish) his work yet?
2. ……………………….. he ………………………… (finish) it yesterday?
3. They ……………………………………. (just / go) out.
4. They ……………………………… (go) out a minute ago.
5. …………………… Ann …………………………. (study) yesterday afternoon?
6. …………………… you …………………………. (send) the letters yet?
7. …………………… she ………………………….. (call) him a week ago?
8. They ………………………………………. (not / see) the film yet.
9. The train ……………………………………………… (just / arrive).
10. ………………………. you ……………………………. (ever / be) in a TV studio?
11. …………………… you and Tom ………………………… (enjoy) the party last night?
12. …………………… you ………………………………. (not / finish) school last year?
13. I ………………………………………. (lose) my dictionary. I can’t find it anywhere.
14. His hair looks short. He ………………………………………….. (have) a haircut.
15. When ………………………………………………. (he / give up) smoking?
16. Jane …………………………………….. (buy) her car two weeks ago.
17. My bicycle isn’t here. Somebody ……………………………………………. (take) it.
18. Why ……………………………………… (Jim / not want) to play tennis last Friday?
19. The car looks clean. ……………………….. you ……………………….. (wash) it?
20. When we were on holiday, the weather …………………………… (be) terrible.
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D) Rewrite the following sentences twice, using SINCE and FOR:
Example: I haven’t seen you. (Christmas / 3 days)
a) I haven’t seen you SINCE Christmas.
b) I haven’t seen you FOR 3 days.
1. We’ve been here. (an hour / 4 o’clock)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
2. She hasn’t spoken to me. (2 weeks / last week)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
3. They’ve lived in this street. (1970 / a long time)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
4. I haven’t had time to do it. (last Monday / a few days)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………
5. We haven’t bought a new one. (ages / many years)
a) …………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………__
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…………………. (never / meet) him.
12. A: Is your father at home?
B: No, I’m afraid he ……………………………………………… (go) out.
A: When exactly ………………………………………………… (he / go) out?
B: About ten minutes ago.
D) Use THE SIMPLE PAST or THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE to fill in the blanks:
1. The young man ……………………………… (never / be) to Paris, but he ……………..
(read) a book about this city last year.
2. …………………… you …………………… (decide) where to go yet?
3. A: Have some tea, please.
B: No, thank you. I …………………………………. (just / have) two cups of tea.
4. Susan …………………………. (do) her homework before 10 o’clock but Jane ………….
……………….. (not /write) a word until now.
5. Her mother ………………………………… (buy) her a pair of new shoes yesterday.
6. The Prime Minister …………………………. (leave) for the USA an hour ago.
7. A: …………….. the plane ……………………. (land)?
B: Yes, it ………………………… (land) ten minutes ago.
8. It ………………………………. (not / rain) for a long time.
9. ……………… you ……………… (see) my dog? It ………………………… (run away)
this morning.
10. We …………………………. (meet) at a party a long time ago, but I ……………………..
(not / see) her since then.
11. I ………………………… (see) an interesting book in a bookshop yesterday, but I
…………………………… (not / buy) it.
12. My friend …………………………… (fall) from the bicycle because he ……………….…
(not / ride) one for ages.
13. His father ………………………………… (die) in 1970, but he …………………………..
(never / visit) his father’s grave since that time.
14. They …………………… (go) to America years ago, but none of them …………………...
(come) back since then.
15. A: …………….. you ……………….. (speak) to an Englishman?
B: Yes, I …………………….. (have) a short conversation with one last night.
16. A: ………………. you ever ………………….. (be) to Tatilya?
B: Yes, I ………………………. (go) there two years ago.
17. A: ………………. you ……………….. (see) Jane recently?
B: No, I ……………………………. (see) her for a long time.
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TENSE FOLLOW UP
A. Choose the present perfect or past simple:
1. I _________________ (see) three police cars this morning (it’s still morning).
2. After he _________________ (arrive) home, he _________________ (unpack) and
_________________ (go) to bed early.
3. A: What’s wrong? B: I _________________ (break) a glass!
4. My grandparents only _________________ (know) each other for a few months before they
_________________ (get) married.
5. I _________________ (be) in London for three years. I love it here.
6. We _________________ (see) Julie last night.
7. He _________________ (be) a teacher before he _________________ (become) a musician.
8. When the boss _________________ (walk) into the room, we _________________ (know) someone
was going to get fired.
9. The children _________________ (break) a window in the school last week.
10. He _________________ (see) that film last year.
11. Lucy _________________ (break) her leg, so she can’t come skiing.
12. Julie _________________ (arrive)! Come and say hello!
13. They _________________ (be) cold when they _________________ (arrive) home.
14. Jack _________________ (break) his arm when he _________________ (fall) off a horse in 2005.
15. I _________________ (know) about the problem for months, but I _________________ (not / find) a
solution yet.
16. A: When _________________ (you / arrive)? B: At 10pm last night.
17. She _________________ (be) a teacher for ten years, and she still enjoys it.
18. How long _________________ (you / know) Jill? I know you see her often.
19. I _________________ (see) the sea before.
20. A: Hello B: Hi Mum, it’s me. I just wanted to say I _________________ (arrive) safely and
everything is fine.
Q1 - He ..... there when he was a child have finished
has lived finished
lived Q9 - Look- someone ....... their handbag in the
Q2 - I ........ her since last year room
haven't seen left
didn't see has left
Q3 - They ......... a few minutes ago Q10 - ............ to Rome?
left Did you ever go
have left Have you ever been
Q4 - She .......... unemployed since she left Q11 - I can't get into my house because I ........
school my keys
has not been lost
was not have lost
Q5 - They ....... the contract last week Q12 - Nobody ....... the phone when it rang
finalised answered
have finalised has answered
Q6 - The film .......... yet Q13 - I ......... up smoking last year
hasn't started gave
didn't start have given
Q7 - She ........ ill since Thursday Q14 - You can't see her because she ......... home
was has gone
has been went
Q8 - I ........ the project last night Q15 - ............... to the United States?
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Did you ever go Did you go
Have you ever been Have you been
Q16 - I never ......... my grandmother as she died Q31 - This is the first time I ........ here
before I was born have been
knew was
have known Q32 - I ....... them since my schooldays
Q17 - It's the first time I ........ caviar have known
ate knew
have eaten Q33 - He ......... yet
Q18 - The first time we ......... was just the other hasn't arrived
day didn't arrive
spoke Q34 - They ........... the contract yet
have spoken didn't sign
Q19 - It stinks in here; someone ........... smoking haven't signed
was Q35 - The newspaper ......... very successful
has been lately
Q20 - He's in hospital because he ............. leg hasn't been
has broken his wasn't
broke his Q36 - He ...... during the war
Q21 - I've known her since we ......... at school died
together has died
were Q37 - I ......... breakfast before leaving home this
have been morning
Q22 - It's ages since we ........ haven't had
spoke didn't have
have spoken Q38 - I ....... a taxi so I came on the bus
Q23 - It's been ages since we ........ from Dave haven't found
have heard didn't find
heard Q39 - John's nervous because he .......... such a
Q24 - The last time I saw Fran ........ ages ago difficult test before
was has never taken
has been never took
Q25 - I ........ from her lately Q40 - My stereo ....... working last night
haven't heard stopped
didn't hear has stopped
Q26 - I just ........ the time to go to the cinema Q41 - Two people ....... at the game on Saturday
recently were arrested
didn't have have been arrested
haven't had Q42 - I .......... a holiday for ages
Q27 - I ........ just Meg and Brian at the party didn't have
have seen haven't had
saw Q43 - We ....... out on Saturday night
Q28 - I ........ busy for the past fortnight haven't gone
was didn't go
have been Q44 - I ....... it last week
Q29 - She ......... away for the last two weeks bought
has been have bought
was Q45 - She hasn't ........ here for ages
Q30 - ......... to the concert on Friday? been
gone
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Q46 - I .......... to water-ski in 1993 has managed
learnt managed
have learnt Q50 - I ...... the dog for a walk because it was
Q47 - She ....... an absolute fortune last year raining
has earned haven't taken
earned didn't take
Q48 - The weather ....... dreadful for the whole Q51 - I ........... the exam in time yesterday
two weeks we were there only just finished
was have only just finished
has been Q52 - The weather ..... dreadful at the weekend
Q49 - No one ...... to do it yet has been
was
B. Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous
1. ___________________ (you / buy) your train ticket yet?
2. The kitchen is a complete mess! What ___________________ (the children / do)?
3. Julie ___________________ (learn) to drive for six years!
4. Amanda ___________________ (already / have) lunch, so she’ll meet us later.
5. How much coffee ___________________ (she / drink) this morning?
6. Simon ___________________ (write) three books.
7. I ___________________ (do) everything I needed to do today! Hurray!
8. It ___________________ (not / rain) all summer, so the garden is dead.
9. I ___________________ (read) your book. Here it is, thank you.
10. She ___________________ (forget) how to get to my house.
11. I ___________________ (work) in the garden all day and I need a rest.
12. She ___________________ (make) three cakes. They look delicious!
13. David feels great these days. He ___________________ (get) up early lately.
14. We ___________________ (always / hate) rush hour traffic.
15. Recently, I ___________________ (study) a lot. My exams are in a few weeks.
16. We ___________________ (write) this book for months and months.
17. I ___________________ (always / love) chocolate.
18. I ___________________ (want) to go back to university for a long time.
19. What’s that delicious smell? ___________________ (you / cook)?
20. I ___________________ (watch) seven films this week!
C. Present Simple & Present Continuous
Choose the best answer.
1. Gareth thinks / is thinking about his ex-girlfriend all the time.
2. Where do you go / are you going tomorrow?
3. Sandra is not liking / doesn't like milk in her tea.
4. My neighbour plays / is playing tennis twice a week.
5. Is your husband listening / Does your husband listen to the radio when he gets up?
6. I'm so tired I want / 'm wanting to go to bed right now.
7. What are you doing ? I 'm opening / open the windows.
8. What does she do ? She works / She's working as a nurse in a hospital in London.
9. Where is the teacher? Don't worry, he's coming / he comes .
10. I work / 'm working late most Mondays.
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PRACTICE
past perfect simple/continuous
I. Write the past participle (3rd form) of the following irregular verbs.
1. speak - 4. swim -
2. catch - 5. understand -
3. eat – 6. begin -
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II. Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (positive).
5. We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) ___________________ our address book.
III. Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (negative).
3. She put on the red dress, which she (not / wear) ___________________ for ages.
5. His mother was angry because he (not / help) _______________________ her with the shopping.
IV. Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.
2. (why / you / clean) the bathroom before you bathed the dog?
2. They (wait) ________________________ at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived.
3. We (look for) _______________________ her ring for two hours and then we found it in the bathroom.
4. I (not / walk) ________________________ for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain.
5. How long (learn / she) ___________________ English before she went to London?
6. Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he (sing) ____________________ in the rain too long.
8. They were very tired in the evening because they (help) ____________________ on the farm all day.
9. I (not / work) ______________________ all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at night.
35
10. They (cycle) ______________________ all day so their legs were sore in the evening.
6. The teacher corrected the tests that the pupils (write) ……………………………. .
8. The mail order house did not send me the shirt that I (order) ……………………………….. .
9. I had to clean the floor because my cats (knock) ………………………….……………..… over the flower pots.
10. My friend was in hospital because she (slip) ………………………………………………….. on a banana skin
36
Past simple vs Past Perfect
A. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past Perfect).
B. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).
they /
work ................................................. ....................................
she / .................................................
tidy ................................................. .
37
.................................................
he / run ................................................. .
you /
buy ................................................. .................................................
D. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).
1. William (live) ... in Boston for six years before he (move) ... to New York.
2. The blue car (cross) ... the street after the lights (turn) ... red.
3. When James (try) ... to ring us, we (leave / already) ... the house.
4. After Joanna (finish) ... her presentation, we (ask) ... our questions.
5. On her first day at the driving school, we (be) ... very nervous because we (drive /
not) ... a car before.
E. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).
1. It (be)... a cold and rainy Sunday, so I (decide) ... to finish the essay that I (start) ...
writing a few days before.
2. I (switch) ... on the computer and (open) ... the document.
3. Then I (begin) .... looking for my notes that I (handwrite) ... on a sheet of paper.
4. But the notes (be) ... not on my desk and I (can / not) ... remember where I (put) ... them.
5. I (turn) ... the whole house upside down.
6. And where (find / I) ... my notes?
7. I (leave) ... them in the sitting room, under a huge staple of papers and magazines.
8. Now that I (find) ... my notes, I (want) ... to continue writing my essay.
9. First I (know / not) ... what to write but then I (have) ... lots of ideas.
10. I (complete / almost) ... my essay when my computer suddenly (crash) ... and I (notice) ...
that I (forget) ... to save the document.
11. After I (reboot) ... my computer, I (see) ... that at least 5 of the pages I (type) ... (be) ...
missing.
12. So I (have) ... to start all over again.
38
THE PLURAL OF NOUNS
A. Fill in the correct form of the nouns:
1. When I came home from school my mother was in the garden with three _________ (woman).
4. I have a big family with many ________ (member) living in the USA.
10. He went to the baker’s and bought four ________ (loaf) of bread.
15. Some of the ________ (kid) didn’t like ice cream so they had different ________ (type) of candy.
19. The ________ (lady) wore nice _________ (dress) for the party.
21. The _________ (boy) played with their new _________ (toy).
23. I need to lay the table. However, I can’t find the __________ (knife).
39
24. The farmer has 42 cows and 24 __________ (sheep).
3. My favourite MacDo meal is a Big Mac with _________. a) fryes c) frys c)fries
4. In my family there are more _________ than females. a) mails b) males c) malls
18. How many ____________ did you take at the party? a) photoes b) photos c) photo
40
20. Do you know where the __________ were from? a) thieves b) thiefs d) thiefes
22. Out of seventeen students three became __________. a) cheves b) chefs c) cook
23. In my class there are 9 girls and 10 _________. a) boys b) boyes c) boies
24. I love _________. They are nice when it is hot. a) tries b)trees c)threes
3. I prefer tea.
12. Some policemen are organizing road traffic to avoid any accidents.
15. Successful candidates will join the camp later this year.
41
16. A rise in oil prices is inevitable since there is more and more world demand for energy.
20. I met some nice people when I was walking along the beach.
B. In each sentence, choose the best phrase to complete the gap from the choices below (a, b, c, or
d).
1. The receptionist at the front desk gave me two _______ .a) informations b) information c) pieces of
information d) lots of information
2. My cousin is very beautiful. She has green eyes and ________ .a) long hair b) long hairs c) a long hair
d) a long length of hair
a) How many moneys b) How many money c) How much money d) How much moneys
4. On Saturday, my friend Paul went fishing and he caught ________ .a) three fish b) three fishes c) three
items of fish d) three of fish
5. Can I borrow _______ from you? I've left mine at home and I want to write some notes. a) paper b) a
paper c) a slice of paper d) a piece of paper
6. How many ________ did the teacher give us today? He always gives us a lot to do .a) homework b)
homeworks c) a lot of homework d) pieces of homework
7. Every morning before I come to school, I spend thirty minutes doing _______ .That's how I stay so
slim. a) exercise b) an exercise c) some exercises d) some pieces of exercise
8. Your sister is a great pianist. She played ________ at the party. a) a lovely music b) some lovely musics
c) lovely musics d) a lovely piece of music
2. I went to the library, but I couldn’t find ________ books about art.
42
4. She sent ________ postcards to her friends, but she didn’t make _______ phone calls when she was in
Britain.
5. It’s very sunny but there is only _________ child playing in the street.
6. I bought __________ coffee, but I didn’t buy ________ tea or ________ papaya.
7. Have you got __________ chocolate biscuits? I’m sorry, there aren’t ____________ biscuits left.
8. “Mary, I’m afraid there isn’t __________ juice in the fridge but there’s __________ pineapple.
9. They ate ____________apples, ___________ mango, but they didn’t eat ___________ oranges.
11. Is there __________ oil in the kitchen? No, there isn’t __________, but there’s __________ butter
When we got to the beach, ___________ people were already there, and we couldn't find a place to sit
down. There weren’t ____________ empty spaces near the beach, but they were ______________ empty
spaces a long way from the sea. We walked along the beach for a while, but we didn't have
____________fun because we kept bumping into people. Finally, we decided to get back in the car and go
down the coast to the next beach. This was _____________ better; there were only ______________
families on the beach, so there was _______________ room to spread out our things. Because we had
eaten so _____________food in the car, all we wanted to do was lie down, and after ____________
minutes we were all dozing happily in the sun.
children coffee experience fish fish furniture help housework luggage money news sugar things time
times wine women chickens balls salt
1. 'How ____________ __________ are there in the picture?' 'Two. A yellow and a green one.'
2. 'How ____________ __________ have you got on you?' 'One pound twenty.'
.'4. 'How ____________ __________ have you received from your uncle?' 'I haven't heard from him lately.
'5. 'How ____________ __________ would you like with your rice?' 'Just a little, please.'
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7. I do not have to do _________ ________. I only do the washing up
8. 'How ____________ __________ do they have?' 'Six. But they don't lay eggs.'
12. They have not caught __________ _______ from the river.
13. We don't eat as _________ ________ as they do. We usually have honey instead.
14. We do not need as __________ _________ as last time. We will basically manage alone.
17. I won't take too _________ __________ with me. Only a suitcase and a handbag.
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NOUNS – follow up
A. Use the correct form of the given nouns to complete the following sentences.
2. Mrs. Lee went to the travel agent for some _______________ about the tour to Japan.
1. She burst into _______________ (tear/ tears) when she heard the bad news.
2. Peter and Jack shake _______________ (hand/ hands) and become friends again.
3. She can’t see what is written on the blackboard without her contact _______________ (len/ lens)
4. The two sisters took _______________ (turn/ turns) at sitting up with their sick mother.
5. Quite a number of _______________ (DJ/ DJs) have extended their careers to singing.
6. If you want to get well, you should take the doctor’s _______________ (advice/ advices).
45
9. The factory workers stopped working and took (a rest/ rest).
C. Charles is making an omelet for the first time. He asks his wife Alice who is watching TV. Fill in
the gaps with some or any:
Alice: We haven’t got _____________. Charles, would you like ___________ help?
how many, how much, a lot of, enough, too many, too much, not much, not many.
B. ______________, I think.
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9. Are there ________________ people to play a football match?
A. Any B. Slice
B. The C. Piece
10. It's too __________ for me. I can't eat it all C. a few
C. A few A. Some
A. Any C. Any
49
50
TENSE REVISION
Past & Present Perfect
Richard Fox (1)___________(live) in Hong Kong for around seven years and for the past two
years he (2)_________(share) a flat in Wan Chai. He originally (3)________ (come) here on
holiday but (4)_________(decide) to stay on when he heard that it was easy to find a job as a
teacher. He (5)___________(work) for three different schools over the years and
(6)____________(just/start) work for his fourth employer.
He likes Hong Kong because of its convenient location in Asia which (7)__________(allow) him
to visit a lot of countries in the region. To date he (8)___________(be) to China, Thailand,
Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam and Cambodia. He (9)____________(not/be) to Macau as he
says he’s not interested in gambling.
He likes the food in this part of the world and (10) ___________(try) a lot of dishes that he
(11)_____________(not/hear of ) before he (11)__________(come) here. While on holiday in
China a couple of years ago he even (12)___________(try) dog, which he describes as ‘quite
tasty’. He (13)___________(not/sample) monkeys’ brains yet, but says he’ll give anything a
try...once.
He says that living in a city like Hong Kong is very different to the small town in England where
he (14)___________(grow up) and (15) ____________(give) him a broader outlook on life. He
(16)______________(never / have to) learn a foreign language before he
(17)_____________(come) here. Nor (18)________________(meet) many people from Asia.
He still finds communication with local people difficult at times and he (18)__________(be) lazy
about learning Chinese. However, he (19) ________________ (at last / enroll) for a course in
spoken Cantonese which (start) ___________(20) next week.
Present Tense – Simple or progressive
1. They normally _____________________ lunch at two. (have) 2. Are
_____________________ in Paris this week? (you work) 3. You _____________________ new
clothes every Saturday! (buy) 4. I played football at school but now I _____________________
swimming (prefer)
5. I _____________________ no idea what the book is about. Can you tell me what it’s about?
(have)
6. John _____________________ a difficult time at the university this year (have) 7. My father
_____________________ everything about cars, but nothing about bicycles. (know) 8. The moon
_____________________ round the earth. (go) 9. Do _____________________ those men at the
door? – They _____________________ at us very strangely (you see, look) 10. We
_____________________ that the contents of this letter should be changed.(feel) 11. They
_____________________ lunch at the moment. – You shouldn’t disturb them. (have) 12. The
watch _____________________ to my grandmother. (belong) 13. I _____________________
what you _____________________ me but I don’t agree with you (hear, tell) 14. This medicine
_____________________ a new substance (contain) 15. These days we
_____________________ tests at school. (always have) 16. Why _____________________ my
coat? – Oh, I’m sorry. It _____________________ like mine! (you wear, look) 17. This cake
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_____________________ strange. What’s in it? (smell) 18. Hi Jake. – What
_____________________ at the moment? – I _____________________ the sunshine at the
beach. (you do, enjoy) 19. Where __________________________ from? (new neighbours,
come) 20. What _____________________ for a living? - He is a government official but he quit
his job a few weeks ago. – And what _____________________ now? – At the moment he
_____________________ for a new job. (your Dad do, he do, look)
Past Tense – Simple or progressive
1. It ______________________ (rain) when we __________________ (come) out of the
shopping centre. 2. It _________________(happen) very quickly. The car
______________________ (come) out of the side road and then the van
______________________ (drive) into the back of it. 3. I ______________________ (be) ill last
week. 4. He ______________________ (break)his leg when he ______________________
(ski) . 5. I ______________________ (look)out of the window and saw that people
__________________ (walk) in the park. 6. Emma ______________________ (pass) her exam a
few weeks ago. 7. When we ______________________ (see) the spaceship we
___________________(stop) the car. 8. When ______________________ (you buy) the car? – I
______________________ (buy) it a few years ago. 9. He ______________________ (sit) in the
garden when a wasp ______________________(sting) him in the nose. 10. Claire
______________________ (go) to Egypt last month. 11. She ______________________ (have)
a beautiful dream when the alarm clock ________________ (ring). 12. The car
______________________ (stop) at the lights. 13. We ______________________ (drive) home
in the middle of the night when we ______________ (see) a flashing light. 14. Soft music
______________________ (play) when I ______________________ (go) into the room. 15.
______________________ (you buy) that bag while I ______________________ (look) after the
children? 16. It ______________________ (be) peaceful and the birds
______________________ (sing). 17. Was _________________________(Jimmy, already wait)
for you when you ______________________ (get) there? 18. I ______________________ (ring)
at about 3 o’clock yesterday, but you ______________________ (not pick) up the phone. – What
______________________ (you do) ? – I ______________________ (help) Dad in the garden so
I probably ______________________ (not hear)it. 19. I ______________________ (lie) in the
bath when the phone ______________________ (ring). It ______________________ (stop) after
a few rings. 20. It ______________________ (be) cold when we ______________________
(leave) the house that day.
Fill in the correct form of the Present Perfect tense!
1. The earth __________________ here for billions of years (be). 2. We
________________________ cards for the last few hours (play). 3. We
________________________ problems with our new car recently (have) 4.
____________________________ on anything interesting lately ?(you work) 5. Cuba
________________________ a socialist country since 1959 (be) 6. I
________________________ care of my neighbour’s cats while they are away (take) 7. I
________________________ my car for three years (have). 8.
________________________________ an important fight? (the boxer , ever, win) 9. John and
Mary ________________________ with each other since the day they got married (quarrel). 10.
It ________________________ hard since last night (rain). 11. I’m tired because I
________________________ well lately. (not feel) 12. _________________________________
your problems? (your parents, always, understand) 13. The patient ________________________
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penicillin for several days now (take) 14. A big earthquake ________________________ San
Francisco since 1906. (not hit) 15. They ___________________________ in San Francisco since
they arrived in the USA 20 years ago. (live) 16. He got ill five weeks ago and
________________________ yet. (not recover) 17. Everyone in the Middle East
________________________ about the situation for decades (worry). 18. We
________________________ very cold weather this year (have) 19. Where
________________________ the money? (you, hide) 20. At last ,my favourite team
________________________ against its most important rival (win) 21. I
________________________ for 6 years. (be married) 22. Dad ________________________ a
number of jobs in the last few years (have). 23. The bank is still closed. It
________________________ yet. (not open) 24. Our daughter ___________________________
lipstick since she was 16 (wear). 25. She is angry because her boyfriend
________________________ up yet and she ________________________ for half an hour. (not
show, wait). 26. I’m still waiting for an answer. They ________________________ up their
minds yet. (not make) 27. How many times ________________________ the cat today? (Kim
feed) 28. The kids ________________________ on my nerves. They
________________________ too much noise (get, make). 29. My company
________________________ a lot of money in the last few years. They
________________________ hard on an important project. (make, work). 30. They
________________________ our new refrigerator yet, but they will any day now. (not deliver)
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54
Follow up
~ Countable and Uncountable Nouns ~
A. Use “a-an- some-a lot of- a little-a few” and complete the sentences
1- There is _________________ milk on the floor.
2- Mary has _________ money in her pocket. She can’t go to party.
3- There are __________ students in the school because today is the last day of the school.
4- There is __________ cheese and _________ orange juice in the fridge.
5- We buy ______________ sweets because our children eat all the time.
6- There are ____________ books on the table
7- There is ________ girl on the corner.
8- Joe has _________ sister and ____________ brothers
9- They eat __________cheese, ___________eggs, __________ bread and drink _________
milk.
10- I drink __________ water every day.
B. Use “any-much –many” and complete the sentences
1- Are there __________ sandwiches in the fridge?
2- Do you have _______________ brothers or sisters?
3- How _____________ money do you earn each month?
4- There aren’t ____________ tomatoes and lemons in the supermarket.
5- There isn’t __________ sugar at home. Could you please buy some sugar?
6- There isn’t ____________ fresh air. Please, open the window.
7- Is there __________ salt in the soup?
8- How _________ friends do you have in Ankara?
9- How _________ books do you use in the classroom?
10- How __________ homework do you have?
C. Use “any-much-many-a lot of-some-a few-a little-a-an” and complete the
sentences
1- There isn’t ___________ break-time between the 1st and the 2nd lesson.
2- Is there _________ umbrella here? I need to go out and the weather is rainy.
3- I can’t buy drinks and food because there are __________ students in the canteen.
4- We buy ________ cheese, ___________ bread, ________ tomatoes and potatoes,
___________ milk, __________ meat and __________ chips and______ coke from the
supermarket for the party.
5- How _____________ coins do you give to your children?
6- How _____________ homework do you have?
7- We need __________ flour, but I don’t need _______________ eggs because we have
enough eggs at home.
8- Some old people don’t have ______________ hair.
9- Today, the roads are crowded. There is _____________ traffic.
10- The teacher isn’t at school because there aren’t ____________ students in the classroom
D. Complete the sentences using one of these words:
accommodatio behaviour damage Luck permission music
n
Advice Bread furniture Luggage progress weather
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Baggage Chaos information News Scenery meat
Fun Help jewellery Knowledge Money wood
Traffic Work sand Gold Silver
Plastic Leather linen Wool experience
1. I didn’t have much ……………………………………………… just two small bags.
2. They’ll tell you all you want to know. They’ll give you plenty of
……………………………..………
3. We have no …………………………………..…… not even a bed or a table.
4. Carla’s English is better than it was. She’s made
……………………………………………….
5. George is unemployed. He’s looking for ………………………….……………………..
6. If you want to leave work early, you have to ask for ………………………….…………..
7. I don’t think Ann will get the job. She hasn’t got enough
…………………………………..
8. Enjoy your holiday ! I hope the ………………………………….………….. is good.
9. The ………………...……….. is so depressing at the moment. Nothing but floods and
wars.
10. The …………………………………..……. in Scotland is lovely. Lots of green hills.
11. My father always gave me good …………………………………… when I was young.
12. Our holiday at the seaside was such ……………………………
13. In ancient Egypt women wore beautiful …………………………………….
14. People who are vegetarians don’t eat …………………………………
15. We got to the station in time because there wasn’t much …………………………………
~ Nouns ~
Choose the right option:
1. I had two _____________ for lunch today. a) applees b) apple c) apples
2. I was scared because John brought 2 ___________ to school. a) knifes b) knive c)
knives
3. My favourite MacDo meal is a Big Mac with _________. a) fryes c) frys c)fries
4. In my family there are more _________ than females. a) mails b) males c) malls
5. New Zealand has a lot of ____________. a) ships b) sheeps c) sheep
6. There are many __________ here. a) flys b) flies c) flyes
7. We always have ____________ for dinner. a) potatoes b) potatos c) potato
8. We caught a lot of ___________ yesterday. a) fishes b) fishs c) fish
9. My mother is afraid of ____________ a) mice b) mouses c)
mouths
10. It is only for __________. a) mans b) man c) men
11. In my class there are many ___________. a) children b) childs c) chills
12. Do you know where my __________ are? a) keyes b) keys c) keies
13. There were 12 ________ in the tray. a) egges b) egg c) eggs
14. I like ____________. They are so funny to watch. a) monkies b) monkeys c) monkeyes
15. You have lips like ___________. a) cherryes b) cherries c) cheerys
16. It is normal to have 28 ___________. a) tooths b) teethes c) teeth
17. There are three ____________. a) dice b) die c) dices
18. How many ____________ did you take at the party? a) photoes b) photos c) photo
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19. We bought three ________ for dinner. a) salmones b) salmon c) salmons
20. Do you know where the __________ were from? a) thieves b) thiefs d) thiefes
21. Both my _________ are sore. a) foots b) feet c) feeds
22. Out of seventeen students three became __________. a) cheves b) chefs c) cook
23. In my class there are 9 girls and 10 _________. a) boys b) boyes c)
boies
24. I love _________. They are nice when it is hot. a) tries b)trees c)threes
25. ________ are wiser than men. a) womans b) wimen c) women
26. A lot of the kids had __________. a) lice b) lices c) lies
Find out the suitable word or words and fill in the gaps.
cooking dust hoover ironing make the bed mop shopping
1. If you do the __________________, you wash the plates, cups, knives, forks, etc, which have
been used in cooking and eating a meal.
2. _______________ is the activity of preparing the food for eating, usually by gas or
electricity.
3. When you ____________ something such as furniture, you remove dust from it, usually using
a cloth.
4. The purpose of _________________ is to remove the creases from clothes, sheets, towels,
etc.
5. If you ______________ a floor or other surface, you clean it by pushing a brush over it in
order to collect the dirt in one place.
6. _______________ is the activity of purchasing things we need such as food or clothes.
7. If you ______________ something, you rub it hard in order to clean it, often using a stiff
brush and water or another liquid.
8. If you __________________ a surface, you clean it using a vacuum cleaner.
9. When you ________________ a room, cupboard, etc, you make it neat by putting things in
their proper places.
10. If you _________________ you prepare it so that it is neat and tidy and ready for someone to
sleep in.
Fill in the gaps using the following words in their appropriate form:
clean cook dust iron make mop
1. Once a year I thoroughly clean everything at home and this year Mrs Pringle came to give me
a hand with the _______________________.
2. I've spent all morning ___________________ the floors.
3. Boys are just as keen on _______________________ as girls are.
4. He _____________________ all the furniture and then polished it.
5. He found a broom and a dustpan and he ____________________ away the broken glass.
6. You can't tidy a room before you've ___________________ the beds!
7. My husband tries his best to wash and _________________ the clothes.
8. It won't take me more than an hour to do the __________________________.
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58
Practice on Future Tenses
Will / Be Going To
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses
1.
Sandra: Where is Tim going to meet us?
Marcus: He (wait) ………………………………… for us when our train arrives. I am sure he (stand)
………………………………………… on the platform when we pull into the station.
Sandra: And then what?
Marcus: We (pick) ………………………………………… Michele up at work and go out to dinner.
2.
Ted: When we get to the party, Jerry (watch) ……………………….. TV, Sam (make) …………………………..
drinks, Beth (dance) ……………………………….. by herself, and Thad (complain)
…………………………………… about his day at work.
Robin: Maybe, this time they won't be doing the same things.
Ted: I am absolutely positive they (do) ……………………….. the same things; they always do the same things.
3.
Florence: Oh, look at that mountain of dirty dishes! Who (wash) ………………………………. all of those?
Jack: I promise I (do) …………………………………………………. them when I get home from work.
Florence: Thanks.
Jack: When you get home this evening, that mountain will be gone and nice stacks of sparkling clean dishes (sit)
…………………………………………………………… in the cabinets.
4.
Doug: If you need to contact me next week, I (stay) …………………………………………… at the Hoffman
Hotel.
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Nancy: I (call) ……………………………………………… you if there are any problems.
Doug: This is the first time I have ever been away from the kids.
Nancy: Don't worry, they (be) ……………………………………….. fine.
5.
Samantha: Just think, next week at this time, I (lie) ………………………………. on a tropical beach in Maui
drinking Mai Tais and eating pineapple.
Darren: While you are luxuriating on the beach, I (stress) ……………………………………….. out over this
marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard?
Samantha: I 'll manage somehow.
Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you?
Samantha: No. But I (send) …………………………………………….. you a postcard of a beautiful, white sand
beach.
Darren: Great, that (make) ……………………….. me feel much better
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1.
Margaret: Do you think everything will be finished when I get back from the store?
Jerry: Don't worry. By the time you get back, I (pick) ………………………. up the living room and (finish)
…………………………. washing the dishes. Everything will be perfect when your parents arrive.
Margaret: I hope so. They (arrive) …………………………………….. around 6 o'clock.
Jerry: Everything (be) …………………………. spotless by the time they get here.
2.
Nick: I just have two more courses before I graduate from university. By this time next year, I (graduate)
…………………………….. , and I will already be looking for a job.
Stacey: Does that scare you? Are you worried about the future?
Nick: Not really. I (go) ………………………………. to a career counselor and get some advice on how to find a good
job.
Stacey: That's a good idea.
Nick: I am also going to do an internship so that when I leave school, I (complete, not only) …………………………..
over 13 business courses, but I (work, also) ……………………………. in the real world.
3.
Stan: Did you hear that Christine (take) …………………………… a vacation in South America this winter?
Fred: I can't believe how often she goes abroad. Where exactly does she want to go?
Stan: She (visit) …………………………………. Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador.
Fred: At this rate, she (visit) ………………………… every country in the world by the time she's 50.
4.
Judy: How long have you been in Miami?
Elaine: I have only been here for a couple of weeks.
Judy: How long do you plan on staying?
Elaine: I love Miami, so I (stay) …………………………. here for an extended period of time. When I go back home,
I (be) …………………………… here for more than three months.
Judy: Wow, that's quite a vacation! You (see, definitely) …………………… just about everything there is to see in
Miami by then.
5.
Jane: I can't believe how late we are! By the time we get to the dinner, everyone (finish, already)
…………………………….. eating.
Jack: It's your own fault. You took way too long in the bathroom.
Jane: I couldn't get my hair to look right.
Jack: Who cares? By the time we get there, everyone (leave) …………………………… . Nobody (see, even)
…………………………………………. your hair.
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11. When they __________ (to get) married in March, they __________ (to be)
together for six years.
12. You’re carrying too much. I __________ (to open) the door for you.
13. Do you think the teacher __________ (to mark) our homework by Monday
morning?
14. When I __________ (to see) you tomorrow, I __________ (show) you my new
book.
15. After you __________ (to take) a nap, you __________ (to feel) a lot better
16. I’m sorry but you need to stay in the office until you __________ (to finish)
your work.
17. I __________ (to buy) the cigarettes from the corner shop when it __________
(to open).
18. I __________ (to let) you know the second the builders __________ (to finish)
decorating.
19. Before we __________ (to start) our lesson, we __________ (to have) a review.
20. We __________ (to wait) in the shelter until the bus __________ (to come).
21. I’m very sorry Dr. Jones __________ (not be) back in the clinic until 2pm.
22. This summer, I __________ (to live) in Brighton for four years.
23. I don’t think you __________ (to have) any problems when you land in
Boston.
24. The baby should be due soon, next week she __________ (to be) pregnant
for nine months.
25. By the time we get home, they __________ (to play) football for 30 minutes.
26. In three years I __________ (to live) in a different country.
27. When you __________ (to get) off the train, I __________ (to wait) for you by
the ticket machine.
28. __________ (to take) your children with you to France?
29. This time next week I __________ (ski) in Switzerland!
30. Now I __________ (to check) my answers.
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Tag questions
A. Complete the sentences with the correct question tags.
Mr McGuinness is from Ireland, ………………………. ?
The car isn't in the garage, ……………………………?
You are John, …………………………?
She went to the library yesterday, ………………………..?
He didn't recognize me, …………………….. ?
Cars pollute the environment, …………………………….?
Mr. Pritchard has been to Scotland recently, …………………?
The trip is very expensive, ……………………….?
He won't tell her, …………………………….. ?
Hugh had a red car, ……………………………. ?
They're working on the project, ?
It wasn't my fault, ?
Bill got what he wanted, ?
It won't be hard to convince her, ?
We can't leave him alone, ?
We've done our job, ?
You should apologize for what you have done, ?
They didn't start the meeting at two o'clock, ?
They finish work at five o'clock, ?
She doesn't like him, ?
B. Add appropriate question tags to the following sentences.
1. She speaks English well, a) does she
……………………..? b) doesn’t she
a) does she c) did she
b) doesn’t she 6. You are not joining the strike,
c) is she ……………………?
2. He has left, ………………………..? a) are you
a) has he b) aren’t you
b) hasn’t he c) is you
c) did he 7. He broke the glass,
3. You will have some tea, ……………………….?
………………………? a) does he
a) will you b) did he
b) won’t you c) didn’t he
c) have you 8. He is not late, …………………….?
d) haven’t you a) is he
4. I need not stay long, b) isn’t he
……………………..? c) hasn’t he
a) need I 9. He used to play cricket when he was
b) needn’t I young, …………………….?
c) should I a) did he
5. She loves dancing, b) didn’t he
…………………………? c) used he
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10. Let’s take some rest, a) shall we
……………………? b) should we
c) will we
64
C. Add a question-tag to these sentences:
1. He is late this morning, _______________________?
2. The hotel was quite good, ________________________?
3. She cooks well, _______________________?
4. You can’t tell the difference, _________________________?
5. They always sleep after lunch, __________________________?
6. You’re coming with us, _______________________?
7. Mary plays football, ________________________?
8. You didn’t have any lessons this morning, _______________________?
9. Ann is on holiday, ______________________?
10. The students see it everyday, ________________________?
11. Mr Priestley doesn’t know your father, ______________________?
12. There are lots of cars here, ______________________?
13. I am not disturbing you, _____________________?
14. Tom does his work very well, ________________________?
15. This isn’t very pleasant, _____________________?
16. She likes quiet places, ______________________?
17. Tom doesn’t play the piano, _______________________?
18. They didn’t hurt the child, _______________________?
19. There were two car accidents yesterday, _______________________?
20. Tourists used to come here, ________________________?
21. You haven’t got a computer, ________________________?
22. You don’t have to follow him, ________________________?
23. He has to fill a form, ________________________?
24. He didn’t have to choose one, _______________________?
25. He has your ticket, _______________________?
26. Everything is all right, _______________________?
27. He has got to leave, ______________________?
28. Smoking ruins our health, ________________________?
29. Most people cannot go to Africa, ________________________?
30. Finding a job isn’t easy, _______________________?
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~ All tense review ~
CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1.- Lucy ………. to Australia by plane next month. a) are going b) is going) c) goes
2.- Miriam ………. Maths at university ten years ago. a) study b) studied c) is studying
3.- Williams ……… .swimming in the sea last Saturday. a)were b) was c) weren’t
4.- Hector .…… good marks at the final exams. a)get b)getting c) got
5.- …….. John …….. his grandfather last night? a)do … call b)does …..call c)did …call
6.- Sheila ………. the teacher some questions now. a)ask b)asked c)is asking
7.- My father is ……… than your father. a)strong b)the strongest c)stronger
8.-Elisa is as ……… as her brother. a)cleverer b)clever c)the
cleverest
9.-Silver is ….….. expensive than gold. a)more b)less c)much
10.-The train is ……… than the bus. a)early b)earlier c)the earliest
11.-My team is very good. I think we …….. win the next match. a)will b)are
c)won’t
12.-My uncle ……on holidays tomorrow afternoon. a)are going b)is going c)aren’t going
13.-Look! There are clouds in the sky. It …….. rain soon. a)won’t b)will c)is going to
14.-How do you go to school? a)on foot b)the car c) bus
15.-How ……….is a kilogram of apples? a)many b) often c)much
16.- a)The girl’s cats are white b)The cats’ girl are white c)The girl’s cats is white
17.-There aren’t …….. cinemas here. a)much b)many c)a little
18.- There isn’t …….. sugar in my tea. a)many b)much c) a
19.-Does the boy wear …… uniform for school? a)an b)a c)some
20.-The secretary …….. all the letters yesterday. a)send b) is sending c)sent
21.-Julio ……… in this town for 20 years. a)have lived b)has live c)has lived
22.-Where ……… your sister born? a)was b)were c)are
23.-I have just …….. my homework. a) finish b)finishing c)finished
24.-My dad ……. already ……….. home. a)have ….. came b) has….. come c)has came
25.-My neighbours are ……… noisy at weekends. a)enough b)too
26.-Thomas isn’t ……. enough to reach the shelf. a) short b)tall c) strong
27.-Charles …….. up very early yesterday. a) woke b)wakes c) is waking
28.-Mrs Dorrit ……..... in my school since 1998. a) have taught b)has taught
29.-The cinema isn’t ………. the park. a) near b) far c)between
30.-Roberto is very friendly. He has …….. friends. a)much b)many c)little
31.-I’m very thirsty. a) Can I have a water? b)Can you give me something to drink?
32-At 5,30 my friend Paul ……..with his mum. a)were shopping b)wasn’t shopping
33.-Patricia ……… lost in the big city in 2011. a)get b)got c)is getting
34.-His father often ………. me a lift to work. a)gives b)giving c)give
35.- a) I have never flown by helicopter b)I have never fly by helicopter
36.-Probably ……. peace in the world soon. a )there will be b) there isn’t
37.-Frederick ……. Law at university. a) will studies b)will study c)wont’ studying
38.-If Sarah …… her leg, she won’t play tennis. a) hurt b)hurts c)hurting
39.-The student won’t pass the exam unless he ……… harder. a)study b) studying c)studies
40.-If the boy doesn’t run fast, he …….. win the race. a) won’t b)will c) don’t
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COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE APPROPRIATE VERBAL TENSE.
1.- Josephine ………….. (eat) two bananas for lunch yesterday.
2.- My cat never ……..(sleep) in my bed.
3.- Jim is a scientist. He ………….. (study) extreme weather.
4.- Have you ever been …………. (trap) in a lift?
5.- Police …………..(look) for the missing child.
6.-Today is my mother’s birthday, so I …………. (buy) her a good present.
7.- The children ………….. (swim) in the sea when it ………….. (start) to rain.
8.- Many students ………… (wear) costumes for the festival.
9.- The tornado ……….… (hit) the little town two years ago.
10.- We …………. (go) to take paper, bottles and cans to special recycling containers.
11.-They chose a name for the dog while they………………… (walk) in the park.
12.- Patrick ………….. (learn) Spanish at school.
13.- Lorena and her father often ………. (go) to the National Museum on Saturday afternoon.
14.- Raymond ……….. just………. (come) home.
15.- My brother ……….(be) angry with me because I ……….. (forget) his birthday.
16.- The exam was difficult because I ………… (not study) the day before.
17.- I ………… (give) you a prescription for your sore throat.
18.-Thomas ….......... (find) the treasure if he asked his friends.
19.-………….. you……….. (do) the project yet?
20.-Margaret ………….. (not visit) her sister in London last month.
21.-If I were you, I ……………….(not marry) Tony. He doesn’t love you.
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Pronouns
follow up
A. Circle the correct answer
1. If she borrows your / yours coat, then you should I able to borrow her/ hers.
2. Each pot and pan in her kitchen has it / its own place on the shelf.
3. Mary and Mike invited their / theirs parents to see their / theirs new apartment.
4. When my roommate paid her / hers half of the rent, I paid my / mine.
5. All students need to bring their / theirs own pencils and answer sheets to the exam.
6. All of her / hers secretaries are working late tonight to finish her / hers report.
7. The horse trotting around the track won it's / its race a few minutes ago.
8. Before the report is finalised, the information in their / theirs notes and our / ours must be proved.
9. She worked all day cooking food and making decorations for her / hers son's birthday party.
10. The weather in the mountains this weekend will be extremely cold, so please take your / yours heavy
jackets.
B. Supply IT / THEM / ONE / SOME / ANY or NONE
1. A: Were any cars parked outside our house today?
B: Yes, _______ was parked there all morning.
2. A: Was that car parked outside our house today?
B: Yes, _______ was parked there all morning.
3. A: Did any letters come for me this morning?
B: No, _______ came for you.
4. A: Have the spare parts arrived yet?
B: Yes, _______ of them has just arrived.
5. A: Do you like this dish?
B: Yes, I like _______ very much.
6. A: Did you enjoy the strawberries?
B: Yes, I enjoyed _______ very much.
7. A: Would you like _______ strawberries?
B: No, I don't want _______.
8. A: Would you like some cherries?
B: No, I don't want _______.
9. A: Have you got a spare bulb?
B: No, I haven't got _______.
10. A: I'd like to buy some fruit.
B: Melons are in season now. That big _______ must be quite juicy.
C. Supply INDEFINITE pronouns.
1. There is nothhing in the clothes basket. It is empty.
2. I've tried phoning but every time I tried there was __________ in.
3. I have prepared __________ for dinner which you will like very much.
4. Would you like __________ to start with before the main meal?
5. He sat at the table but didn't have __________ to eat.
6. You can do __________. I don't really care.
7. I met __________ you know last night. She told me she had missed you very much.
8. That's a very easy job. __________ can do it.
9. Did you turn the oven off? I think I can smell __________ burning.
10. __________ offered help. They probably didn't have time.
11. __________ arrived in good time and the meeting started promptly at 3:30.
12. When the show finished there was complete silence. __________ clapped.
13. __________ likes being poor.
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D. Supply the correct reflexive pronouns in the following.
1. This accident was my fault. I feel very disappointed with _______.
2. Be careful with that sharp knife! You are going to hurt _______ if you are not careful.
3. When I walked into the room, the only person I saw and heard was Joe. He must have been talking to
_______ when I walked in.
4. My wife and I have our own business. We don't have a boss. We work for _______.
5. No one taught Mr. and Mrs. Smith how to run a business. They taught _______ everything they needed
to know about running a small business.
6. Mr Baker has been working very hard and he is going to reward _______ by taking a vacation next
week.
7. I climbed to the top of the diving tower and walked to the end of the diving board. I wished _______
some Iuck and dived into the pool.
8. Rebecca has the flu. She must rest at home and take care of _______.
9. When we have problems in our lives, we shouldn't get discouraged and feel sad. If we believe in
_______, we can always be happy.
10. When I got that job, everybody congratulated me, including _______.
E. Fill in the blanks with suitable personal pronouns.
1. John is my student. ———————– is 7. Children went on a picnic.
very intelligent. ———————– had a nice time.
a) He a) He
b) She b) She
c) They c) They
d) It d) It
2. Alice is my sister. —————————- 8. My parents live in a village. I visit
lives abroad. ———————- often.
a) He a) They
b) She b) Them
c) They c) We
d) It d) Us
3. John and Mary are my students. 9. His children are very hard working.
———————– are very hard working. ———————— is very proud of them.
a) They a) He
b) She b) She
c) He c) They
d) It d) We
4. My dog is smarter than ———————— 10. I have invited all of my friends and
a) Their ———————- have all agreed to come.
b) Theirs a) They
c) Your b) He
d) Her c) She
5. This is ——————— dog. d) We
a) Mine 11. The apple was overripe. We threw
b) My ———————– away.
c) Ours a) Them
d) We b) They
6. ———————— is raining. c) It
a) They d) This
b) He 12. My car is better than ———————–
c) There a) Your
d) It b) Yours
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c) Our a) It
d) Her b) They
13. Her hair is black. ——————— has c) Them
turned grey. d) That
a) My 15. We bought some apples.
b) Mine ————————- were very sweet.
c) Me a) They
d) I b) We
14. I have lost my keys. Did you see c) It
———————-? d) That
70
PRACTICE III
Present Perfect Simple / Continuous
Complete the sentences with correct form of the verbs. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous. Use short
forms where possible.
1 How long _______flu? (have)
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B: A car alarm (ring) ___________________ somewhere down the street. It (drive) _____________________ me
crazy - I wish it would stop! It (ring) _____________________ for more than twenty minutes.
6. Joseph's English (improve, really) ________________________ , isn't it? He (watch)
____________________________ American television programs and (study) ______________________________
his grammar every day since he first arrived in San Diego. Soon he will be totally fluent.
7. A: You look a little tired. (You, get) ___________________________ enough sleep lately?
B: Yes, I (sleep) ____________________________ relatively well. I just look tired because I (feel)
______________________ a little sick for the last week.
A: I hope you feel better soon.
B: Thanks. I (take, currently) ________________________ some medicine, so I should feel better in a couple of
days.
Simple Past / Present Perfect
1. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars"?
B: I don't know. I (see, never) _______that movie.
2. Sam (arrive) _______in San Diego a week ago.
3. My best friend and I (know) _______each other for over fifteen years. We still get together once a week.
4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) _______ten very creative short stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as
famous as Hemingway.
5. I (have, not) _______this much fun since I (be) _______a kid.
6. Things (change) _______a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first (start) _______working here three years ago,
the company (have, only) _______six employees. Since then, we (expand) _______to include more than 2000 full-
time workers.
7. I (tell) _______him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he (wander) _______off into the forest and (be)
_______bitten by a snake.
8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) _______the bus this morning. You (be) _______late to work too many
times. You are fired!
9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never) _______the ocean. He
should come with us to Miami.
10. How sad! George (dream) _______of going to California before he died, but he didn't make it. He (see, never)
_______the ocean.
11. In the last hundred years, traveling (become) _______much easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it
(take) _______two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip (be) _______very rough and
often dangerous. Things (change) _______a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New
York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.
12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you (change) _______since the last time I (see) _______you. You (grow)
_______at least a foot!
13. This tree (be) _______planted by the settlers who (found) _______our city over four hundred years ago.
14. This mountain (be, never) _______climbed by anyone. Several mountaineers (try) _______to reach the top, but
nobody (succeed, ever) _______. The climb is extremely difficult and many people (die) _______trying to reach the
summit.
15. I (visit, never) _______Africa, but I (travel) _______to South America several times. The last time I (go)
_______to South America, I (visit) _______Brazil and Peru. I (spend) _______two weeks in the Amazon, (hike)
_______for a week near Machu Picchu, and (fly) _______over the Nazca Lines.
Simple Past / Present Perfect
Since computers were first introduced to the public in the early 1980's, technology (change) _______a great deal.
The first computers (be) _______simple machines designed for basic tasks. They (have, not) _______much memory
and they (be, not) _______very powerful. Early computers were often quite expensive and customers often (pay)
_______thousands of dollars for machines which actually (do) _______very little. Most computers (be)
_______separate, individual machines used mostly as expensive typewriters or for playing games.
Times (change) _______. Computers (become) _______powerful machines with very practical applications.
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Programmers (create) _______a large selection of useful programs which do everything from teaching foreign
languages to bookkeeping. We are still playing video games, but today's games (become) _______faster, more
exciting interactive adventures. Many computer users (get, also) _______on the Internet and (begin)
_______communicating with other computer users around the world. We (start) _______to create international
communities online. In short, the simple, individual machines of the past (evolve) _______into an international World
Wide Web of knowledge.
Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous
1. A: How long (be) _______in Canada?
B: I (study) _______here for more than three years.
2. I (have) _______the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one.
3. I (love) _______chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a "chocoholic".
4. Matt and Sarah (have) _______some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they (go) _______to a marriage
counselor. I hope they work everything out.
5. John (work) _______for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he (enjoy)
_______his work, but now he is talking about retiring.
6. Lately, I (think) _______about changing my career because I (become) _______dissatisfied with the conditions at
my company.
7. I (see) _______Judy for more than five years and during that time I (see) _______many changes in her
personality.
Simple Past / Past Perfect
I can't believe I (get)______________ that apartment. I (submit)__________________ my application last
week, but I didn't think I had a chance of actually getting it. When I (show)___________________ up to take a look
around, there were at least twenty other people who (arrive)__________________ before me. Most of them (fill,
already) _________________out their applications and were already leaving. The landlord said I could still apply, so I
did.
I (try)____________________ to fill out the form, but I couldn't answer half of the questions. They (want)
__________________________me to include references, but I didn't want to list my previous landlord because I
(have)_______________________ some problems with him and I knew he wouldn't recommend me. I
(end)______________________________ up listing my father as a reference.
It was total luck that he (decide) _____________________ to give me the apartment. It turns out that the
landlord and my father (go) ______________________ to high school together. He decided that I could have the
apartment before he (look)___________________ at my credit report. I really lucked out!
Past Perfect / Past Perfect Continuous
I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8:00. I (try)
______________________ to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left
the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have) ______________________ five cups of coffee and I
(wait) __________________ over an hour. I had to leave because I (arrange)____________________ to meet
Kathy in front of the theater.
When I arrived at the theater, Kathy (pick, already) ___________________ up the tickets and she was waiting for us
near the entrance. She was really angry because she (wait) ______________________ for more than half an hour.
She said she (give, almost) ___________________ up and (go) ________________ into the theater without us.
Kathy told me you (be) _______________________ late several times in the past and that she would not make plans
with you again in the future. She mentioned that she (miss) ______________________ several movies because of
your late arrivals. I think you owe her an apology. And in the future, I suggest you be on time!
73
EVAL 1
A. Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verbs
1. Hardly had the minister finished his speech when gunshots ---- (storm) the stadium.
2. Everybody will be at the office at about 08:30 tomorrow as the meeting ---- (start) at nine o'clock.
3. That candidate who we had been interviewed before we ---- (speak) to all the others is still my favorite.
4. While climbing onto the mountain top, I ---- (encounter) a strange animal which I'd never seen before.
5. The chairman was sure that his plan would work out fine as no other member ---- (oppose) it up to that
time.
6. I wasn't surprised to hear that Monica ---- (have) an accident as she is a very reckless driver.
7. Since the very first day when the Umbrella Company embarked upon such a dangerous and risky lab-
research, very strange incidents ---- (take place) within the research complex.
8. Urbanization ---- (always / be) a problem which causes several environmental challenges ever since the
rate of migration ---- (increase) after the industrial revolution.
9. When I ---- (come) home this evening, my parents had gone out for a walk.
10. By the time the troops ---- (arrive), the war will have ended.
11. By the year 2020, linguists ---- (study) the Indy-European language family for more than 200 years.
12. Gasoline ---- (become) a major problem for people for the last ten years, therefore, during this time
many people have preferred to sell their cars and buy smaller ones.
13. By the time he was 14, Wolfgang Mozart ---- (compose) an enviable number of musical pieces.
14. Nothing in my life ---- (be) so strong to stop me achieve my goals so far and i don't think anything
will be
15. Archaeologists ---- (explain) recently that an ancient underground city around Cappadocia has long
wide corridors where there are many special areas for making cheese and wine.
16. I was amazed when he accepted a drink, since I ---- (always / assume) that he was a teetotaler.
17. I ---- (play) tennis tomorrow but I won't be able to do that because I have injured my right ankle.
18. We ---- (visit) the seashore many times before but last summer we enjoyed ourselves more than ever.
19. According to a survey, thousands of vending machines ---- (have to be converted) before the new
coins have come into circulation.
C. Fill in the gaps with the right forms of the verbs in capital letters at the end of the sentences.
1. I (still not find) the bag I lost last week.
2. I (stay) in Spain till next Friday.
3. I (stay) at this hotel since April.
4. Peter is not here yet. I (think) he has missed the train.
5. I (think) about her plans and I suppose I know what she is going to do.
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6. (your parents arrive) in Rome yet?
7. As it is snowing we (not go) out.
8. Do not disturb him, he (work) hard.
9. (you finish) with this tape you borrowed from me last Monday.
10. You (lie) now! I do not believe any of your words.
76
which which
that that
where whose
Q6 - The man ....... interviewed you is the boss Q18 - She failed the exam, ...... came as a great
that surprise to us all
---- ----
which which
Q7 - The man ....... house was robbed has still not that
been paid by the insurance company Q19 - The film, ...... lasted for three hours, was
which boring
that that
whose which
Q8 - He's got three dogs, all of ..... are aggressive ----
which Q20 - The flats, ....... will house over two hundred
that families, were completed last month
---- ----
Q9 - Who's moved the papers ...... I left on my desk? that
who which
whom Q21 - The boxer ...... career was ruined by health
that problems was on TV last night
Q10 - You should complain to the people ....... whose
supplied it whom
---- who
who Q22 - The day ....... we met was the happiest of my
which life
Q11 - They arrested the man ...... was over the ----
alcohol limit which
that whose
which Q23 - You'll have to speak to the person ..... is in
whom charge
Q12 - The men, ....... were in a hurry, didn't finish the ----
job properly which
that that
who Q24 - He's the guy ...... brother was sacked for
which stealing
Q13 - The pub, ........ lost its licence, has been turned who
into a shop whose
which whom
that Q25 - Is there a shop nearby ...... sells stamps?
---- ----
Q14 - Two guys, ....... car had broken down, asked whose
me for a lift which
whose Q26 - Is there a store around here ....... I can get some
whom stamps?
which ----
Q15 - I'd love to meet the idiot ...... made these rules which
that where
which Q27 - They blamed me for everything ....... went
whose wrong
Q16 - Did you get everything ....... you wanted? ----
who whose
---- that
whose Q28 - Nothing ...... she said surprised me
Q17 - The boy ....... bag was stolen is over there
77
---- which
that ----
what whom
Q29 - I was to blame for everything ....... went wrong Q33 - A lot of people were offended by the jokes ......
what he told
that where
---- that
Q30 - You'll have to try to get in touch with the who
person ..... is responsible for staff training Q34 - He works for a firm ...... produces software
---- that
who ----
which who
Q31 - The man ........ wanted to see you left a few Q35 - Companies ....... shareholders control them
minutes ago have little possibility of making their own decisions
---- that
who whose
which who
Q32 - There were three applicants, none of .....
seemed very competent
I. Complete the sentences with the correct present or past form of the verbs in brackets.
1 (tell) me exactly what (happen) last night!
..................................................................................
2 Mrs Hudson is my maths teacher. She (teach) me for four years and in that time I (get) much better at
maths.
....................................................................................
3 I (never /think) of a career in medicine before I spoke to my biology teacher but now I (seriously/
consider) it.
...................................................................................
4 Oh no! I (forget) to bring my assignment! What am I going to do? This is the second time I (do) this!
...................................................................................
5 I can’t remember what Mr Brown (say) yesterday about our homework. I (not listen) properly because
Charlotte (talk) to me at the same time.
....................................................................................
6 Last year I (go) on a school trip to Scotland. We (have) a very interesting time.
.....................................................................................
7 At the moment I (think) about what subjects to take next year but I (not make) a final decision yet.
......................................................................................
8 A few people (misbehave) in class sometimes, but generally everyone is quite well behaved.
......................................................................................
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80
The adjective
1. Complete the chart with the comparatives and superlatives:
Adjective Comparative Superlative
long longer than the longest
fast faster than
pretty the prettiest
beautiful more beautiful than
ugly uglier than
thin the thinnest
fashionable more fashionable than
5. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjective in brackets:
a. Carol is as good (good) as you at sport.
b. We like wearing the (late) fashion.
c. These trousers are ____________________ (comfortable) than those jeans.
d. She is ______________________ (happy) now than he was last year.
e. You are the ________________________ (pretty) girl in class.
f. My grandma is _______________________ (old) than my grandpa.
g. The red dress is the ______________________ (attractive) in the shop.
h. I always tell the _______________________ (fun) jokes.
i. Your hair is ____________________ (curly) than my hair.
j. My hair is ______________________ (short) than yours.
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7. Complete the following sentences using the appropriate form of the adjective given in the
brackets.
1. He is ………………… than his neighbors. (rich)
2. The brides were much ……………… than the grooms. (young)
3. He is too ………………… to be taught. (intelligent)
4. He is ………………… than I thought him to be. (clever)
5. When the old woman became …………………, she began to move about. (strong)
6. He is much ………………… now. (good)
7. The offer was too ………………… to be true. (good)
8. He fishes with ………………… success than I do. (great)
9. Shakespeare is the ………………… playwright in English. (great)
10. The pain was ………………… than he could bear. (much)
11. The ………………… thing of all was that his son was rude to him. (bad)
12. Jane was the ………………… player of the two. (good)
8. Choose whether each sentence requires the comparative or superlative form:
1. There are 10 houses on our street. Our house is the ________ one. a) biggest b) bigger
2. My brother sings better than I do, but I play guitar ________ than he does. a) the best b) better
3. This is ________ song I have ever heard! a) the best b) better
4. Tom is ________ than I am. a) stronger b) the strongest
5. Out of all the students in our class, I am ________. a) shorter b) the shortest
6. Everyone says that my sister is ________ than I am. a) better looking b) the best looking
7. She is ________ girl in our school. a) the best looking b) better looking
8. This is boring. Let's do something ________. a) the most interesting b) more interesting
9. This isn't ________ book I have ever read. a) more interesting b) the most interesting
10. Your apartment is ________ than mine. a) cleaner b) the cleanest
1. I love listening to ___ music at home. 6. I'm very ___ with my results.
relaxed disappointing
relaxing disappointed
2. I was very ___ in class yesterday. 7. I read some ___ statistics recently.
bored startling
boring startled
3. That test was very ___. 8. I saw an ___ concert recently.
challenging amazed
challenged amazing
4. Action movies are ___. 9. I'm so ___ with my stupid husband!
excited frustrated
exciting frustrating
5. My friend was ___ when she watched the 10. English is a very ___ language!
show. interesting
entertaining interested
entertained
ADJECTIVES
follow up
1. Choose the right option
1. My sister is two years __________ than me.
a) young b) so young c) younger d) the youngest
2. Do you know what __________ animal in the world is?
a) slow b) slow as c) slower d) the slowest
3. I think spring is _________ season of the year.
a) beautiful b) very beautiful c) more beautiful d) the most beautiful
4. Maths is _____________ to me than biology.
a) important b) so important c) more important d) the most important
5. Helen is __________ ballet dancer in our city.
a) good b) good as c) better d) the best
6. That test was ___________ than the previous one last week.
a) difficult b) so difficult c) more difficult d) the most difficult
7. Tom has got __________ message from his parents.
a) long b) long as c) longer d) the longest
8. English is ____________ for me than Chinese.
a) easy b) very easy c) easier d) the easiest
9. My phone is ___________ than my sister’s phone.
a) expensive b) so expensive c) more expensive d) the most expensive
10. Last winter was ___________ winter in our country.
a) cold b) cold as c) colder d) the coldest
11. Pam’s mobile is ____________ than mine.
a) beautiful b) very beautiful c) more beautiful d) the most beautiful
12. This car is _____________ car produced by this company.
a) new b) so new c) newer d) the newest
13. What continent is ____________: America or Africa?
a) large b) very large c) larger d) the largest
14. Do you know who _______________ woman in the world is?
a) fast b) so fast c) faster d) the fastest
15. Mary is ____________ than Ben in my class.
a) clever b) clever as c) cleverer d) the cleverest
16. Who is _____________ runner : Tom or Sam?
a) bad b) very bad c) worse d) the worst
17. This information is ______________ for me than the previous one.
a) useful b) useful as c) more useful d) the most useful
18. When was ______________ summer in your country?
a) hot b) very hot c) hotter d) the hottest
19. Bob is _____________ than my elder brother.
a) tall b) tall as c) taller d) the tallest
20. Can you name _____________ building in the world?
a) high b) so high c) higher d) the highest
2. Choose from the list below:
petty disciplined neat absent-minded quarrelsome arrogant
optimistic selfish generous bad-tempered unhygienic courteous
stubborn articulate untrustworthy energetic humble forgiving
selfless reliable fickle open-minded humorous punctual
1. Stacy is incredibly _______________. She always arrives on time and does her job well.
2. Sandra is _______________. She loves sharing things with her friends.
3. She is _______________. I’d leave my money, car, anything, for her to look after, but then she
said she’s lost the money.
4. Why do you get angry all the time? You are so _______________.
5. He is terribly _______________. Once he has made up his mind, it is impossible to get him to
change it even if it’s obvious that he is wrong.
6. Danny is always the most _______________ worker at the restaurant. He greets all guests and
serves them very well.
7. A/an _______________ person is someone who tends to think one is better and more important
than others.
8. A/an _______________ person is someone who tends to expect good things to happen.
9. Don't you remember where you put the money and the check book? You're so
_______________!
10. They both are very _______________. One word can cause a terrible quarrel between them just
like a cat and a dog.
11. Our boss was so _______________ when our company won the design competition! He greeted
all his workers personally and said that it’s pleasure working with us.
12. I know that you’re a very _______________ person. That’s why I can count on you to solve the
problem.
13. A/an _______________ person allows people to do, say, or believe what they want without
criticizing or punishing them.
14. Mike is sometimes nice, but he can be so _______________ when he’s complaining too much
about unimportant things.
15. A person that is _______________ cannot stay angry for a long time and always forgets the bad
things that have been done to him/her.
16. Someone who is _______________ is willing to give money, spend time etc, in order to help
people or give them pleasure.
17. She used to obey the rules. It makes her _______________ till now.
18. My roommate, John, is very _______________ and well-organized. He regularly tidies up our
room.
19. Jeremy never helps others but himself. That’s why people think he’s _______________.
20. He said he’s willing to help me, but suddenly he changed his mind the next minute. He’s very
_______________ lately.
21. What a/an _______________ worker! He’s never stopped working on his project until it
finished.
22. President Barack Obama is a/an _______________ person. He’s good at making a speech and
he also speaks clearly to make his point.
23. With your greasy hair, dirty fingernails, and smelly clothes, you look very _______________.
24. Whatever he does, he makes people roar with laughter. He’s very _______________.
1. It was (too / such) a beautiful day. The sun was shining brightly.
2. Kenya is a country that isn’t (so / such) expensive to live in.
3. John is (so / too) handsome. He is the cutest boy in my class.
4. There were (so / too) many people at the party. It was extremely crowded.
5. I like ice cream (so / too) much. It is my favorite food.
6. “The Omen” and “The Shining” were (so / such) scary films.
7. The shoes were (so / too) big. They didn´t fit me.
8. There was (so / such) much rain in July! It felt like winter.
9. There was (so / too) much salt in the soup. It was horrible.
10.They were (so / such) nice people. I hope we visit them again soon.
The soup has a lot of salt.(too) –The soup is too salty/The soup has too much salt.
1) a table (wooden/round/beautiful)
_______________________________________________________
2) a ring (gold/unusual)
_________________________________________________________________
3) a pullover (woolen/pink/nice/new)
______________________________________________________
4) a house (old/ugly/Turkish)
____________________________________________________________
5) gloves (black/comfortable/leather)
______________________________________________________
6) a film (interesting/American/old)
_______________________________________________________
7) a face (long/thin/good-looking)
________________________________________________________
8) clouds (frightening/big/black)
_________________________________________________________
9) a day (lovely/sunny/happy)
___________________________________________________________
10) an avenue (long/wide/noisy)
__________________________________________________________
11) a painting (French/interesting/old)
_____________________________________________________
12) an umbrella (yellow/enormous/red/expensive/Japanese)
____________________________________
Tense follow up
Present Simple & Continuous
1. Tradu:
1. Iarna ninge.
2. Duminica el nu se scoala devreme.
3. Eu nu studiez seara.
4. Ce faci? Citesti sau privesti la televizor?
5. Secretara tocmai bate la masina un referat.
6. Ea merge la cumparaturi sâmbata.
7. Acum imi fac temele la engleza.
8. Nu-mi place cafeaua.
9. Ce carte citesti?
10. La ce ora se scoala John dimineata?
11. Ce faci tu in zilele libere?
12. Cui ii telefonezi?
13. El nu merge la scoala cu metroul, merge pe jos.
14. De ce deschizi fereastra?
15. Adesea citesc carti englezesti.
16. Ea isi face bagajul.
2. Verbul la forma correctă:
1. I __________ (read) a very interesting book now.
2. Joanne __________ (work) eight hours a day.
3. Tonight we __________ (see) a play at the theatre.
4. Who __________ you __________ (speak) to now?
5. I __________ (not know) him very well.
6. What will you do if she __________ (come) late?
7. My wife __________ (like) coffee for breakfast.
8. What __________ Tom usually __________(have) for breakfast?
9. Your train __________ (leave) at 17.25 from platform 3.
10. What __________ Mary __________ (do) ? She's a student.
11. My whole family _____________(go) to church once a week.
12. My wife and I _______________(go) to the beach in the summer.
13. Listen! The phone ______________(ring) in the other room.
14. Rain seldom ______________(fall) in the Sahara.
15. He is thirteen years old now, and his voice ___________________(change).
16. Let's change the conversation. It _______________(get) too serious.
17. Leap year ________________(come) every four years.
18. My grandfather ______________(grow) tomatoes in his garden this summer.
19. He ______________(grow) them every summer .
20. The children ____________________(leave) for school right now.
21. The children ________________(leave) at 8:30 every morning of the week.
22. Shu! The baby ____________________(take) her nap.
23. In the north the season __________________(change) four times a year .
24. Unfortunately, the patient ____________________ (die).
25. The monsoon ___________________(come) once or twice a year.
26. It's spring and the days ___________________(get) longer.
27. The weather ___________(get) very cold in Moscow in the winter.
28. It _______________(rain) hard, and I don't have an umbrella.
29. It's November and the birds _________________(fly) south.
30. Many birds of Europe ___________(fly) south to Africa every winter.
Past Simple & Continuous:
3.Verbul la forma corectă:
1. When you (come in), I (talk) on the phone.
2. When I first (meet) him, he (work) in a bank.
3. While he (learn) to drive, he (have) an accident.
4. As I (write), someone (ring up).
5. Where you (go) when I (meet) you?
6. What you (do) this time yesterday?
7. When I (enter) the classroom, the teacher (write) on the blackboard.
8. When I (arrive), she (have) dinner.
9. This time last Sunday, I (watch) a film on TV.
10. He suddenly (realize) that he (not wear) his glasses.
4. Tradu:
1. Soarele nu a apus la ora 8 aseara.
2. Ai dormit bine noaptea trecuta?
3. Ieri nu am mers la bazinul de inot.
4. M-am sculat târziu ieri dimineata.
5. Duminica trecuta prietenii mei au jucat sah.
6. Ieri pe vremea asta ploua.
7. Ce faceai martea trecuta la ora 7 dimineata?
8. Ma pregateam sa merg la facultate.
9. In timp ce imi cautam pasaportul am gasit aceasta fotografie veche.
10. Baietii jucau carti când l-au auzit pe tatal lor intrând in casa.
11. Ei au ascuns imediat cartile si si-au scos manualele de scoala.
12. Când te-ai intors de la munte?
13. Când ai cumparat acest televizor?
14. Ieri mi-am pierdut manusile.
15. Batea un vânt puternic când am iesit din casa.
16. Unde ti-ai petrecut concediul vara trecuta?
17. Ieri m-am sculat devreme, mi-am luat micul dejun si apoi am plecat la scoală.
18. Acum doua zile am cazut si mi-am rupt piciorul.
19. Saptamâna trecuta am fost bolnav si nu am mers la scoala.
20. El a dat primul examen saptamâna trecuta.
21. Cine a câstigat meciul alaltăieri?
22. In timp ce ploua, eu conduceam masina spre Sinaia.
Present Perfect Simple & Continuous:
5. Present Perfect Simple sau Continuous sau Past Tense Simple in locul infinitivelor:
1. I (lose) my pen. You (not see) it anywhere? -No, I haven’t. When you (use) it last?
2. Your ever (try) to give up smoking? -Yes, I (try) last year but I (not succeed).
3. You (see) your mother this week? -No, she (leave) for Brasov a week ago.
4. You (be) out of work long?
5. I am not out of work now. I (get) a job last month.
6. I (wear) my hair long since I (be) a little girl.
7. She (change) a lot since I (see) her last.
8. I (do) a lot of work since I (get up) in the morning.
9. The child (play) the piano since I (return) from school.
10. It (rain) since we (leave) Bucharest.
11. He (be) very ill since the holidays (begin).
6. Tradu:
1. Cine te-a invatat sa vorbesti engleza atât de bine?
2. Unde ti-ai petrecut vacanta anul acesta?
3. M-am gândit adesea sa-mi iau carnet de conducere.
4. De cât timp inveti engleza?
5. Vremea s-a incalzit in ultimul timp.
6. El este ministru de doi ani.
7. Traduc un text de doua ore si nu l-am terminat inca.
8. El a scris numai doua scrisori de când a plecat in strainatate.
9. Un copil a spart geamul. Trebuie sa-l inlocuim.
10. Ninge de doua ore.
11. Am mers pe jos 10 km pâna acum.
12. Mergem pe jos de la ora 3.
13. De când mi-am cumparat masina, am mers arareori pe jos la slujba.
14. La ce te-ai uitat?
15. A fost un accident.
16. Cu cine ai votat la ultimele alegeri?
17. Nu am mers la vot. Am stat acasa si nu am regretat nici o clipa.
18. Ai vazut ziarul de azi?
19. A plecat John?
20. Da, a plecat acum o ora.
21. Ti-ai luat deja micul dejun?
22. Da, l-am luat la ora 8.
23. Ai mai fost in acest oras?
24. Da, am petrecut o luna aici, acum doi ani.
25. Ei lucreaza la aceasta casa de un an si nu au terminat-o inca.
Past Perfect Simple & Continuous
7. Verbele la Past Perfect Simple sau Continuous sau la Past Tense Simple:
1. The professor (speak) for 10 minutes when I (enter) the hall.
2. After John (listen to) the news bulletin, he (go) downstairs to have dinner.
3. He (tell) me he (be) to the theatre the day before.
4. We (ask) him what countries he (visit).
5. He (learn) English for two years before he (go) to England for the first time.
6. She just (go) out when I (call at) her house.
7. The river became deeper after it (rain) heavily for a few hours.
8. After John (leave), she (tell) me they (be) friends for five years.
9. After we (walk) for an hour, we (realize) we (lose) our way.
10. When I (find out) he (get married), I (ring up) him and (congratulate) him.
8. Tradu folosind Past Perfect Simple sau Continuous sau Past Tense Simple:
1. Mi-a parut rau ca il jignisem.
2. El mi-a multumit pentru ceea ce facusem pentru el.
3. De indata ce a terminat de scris lucrarea, a inmânat-o profesorului.
4. El nu facuse nimic inainte de a-mi cere mie sfatul.
5. De indata ce au plecat musafirii, am mers la culcare.
6. Când am ajuns la statia de autobuz, mi-am dat seama ca imi lasasem poseta acasa.
7. Secretara mi-a spus ca directorul vorbea la telefon de o jumatate de ora.
8. Ei mi-au spus ca locuiau in Franta din 1980.
9. Nu ti-am telefonat pentru ca am crezut ca plecasesi in strainatate.
10. Ei au calatorit in multe tari dupa ce s-au casatorit.
MODAL VERBS
A. CAN :
1.capacitatea subiectului ( fizica si intelectuala ):
I can swim (Pot sa inot ).
I can speak English . (Pot sa vorbesc lb. enleza).
2.posibilitatea ( 90%) ;
Accidents can happen. (Accidentele se pot produce ).
3.pentru a cere permisiunea, cerere , rugaminte politicoasa :
(Ca o alternativa a lui MAY in exprimarea familiara).
- Can I go to the city ? - Of course you can.
- Pot pleca la oras? - Desigur ( ca poti).
4.verbe de perceptie
I can see you. ( te vad).
! CAN urmat de un verb de perceptie senzoriala (ex.: see ) corespunde aspectului continuu al
verbului respectiv.
CANNOT /CAN’T
imposibilitate ( contrariul lui must );
It can’t be true.
Nu poate fi adevarat.
interdictie :
You can’t behave like that !
Nu te poti comporta astfel !
ECHIVALENT : TO BE ABLE TO
( a fi in stare de, a fi capabil sa /de ….)
(la timpul trecut – I was able to swim.
Eram in stare sa inot.
B. COULD
1. nuanta de indoiala (30%):
That could be true.
Asta poate fi adevarata.
2. capacitatea trecutului:
3. folosim COULD pentru o capacitate permanenta (as putea sa-l fac, ceea ce include faptul ca
actiunea nu se realizeaza fortat ) si WAS ABLE TO pentru o actiune precisa.
4.a cere un serviciu politicos :
Could you please open the window ?
Poti sa deschizi fereastra ?
C. MUST :
1) obligatie :
You must go now.
Trebuie sa pleci acum.
You mustn’t talk to your sister like that.
Nu trebuie sa-i vorbesti surorii tale pe un asemenea ton.
2) indica o probabilitate cu caracter aproape de certitudine: “probabil”,”de buna seama”, “
trebuie”(in constructii afirmative):
She must be very clever.
Trebuie sa fie foarte inteligenta.
MUST NOT : interdictie - (MUSTN’T ) = nu trebuie ;
ECHIVALENT cu TO HAVE TO
- Must : obligatia impusa de catre vorbitor;
- To have to : exprima obligatia impusa din exterior;
DAR Don’t have to = absenta obligatiei;
D. MAY
1) permisiunea( si cerere) :
You may leave (iti dau voie sa pleci ) = Poti pleca.
to be allowed to = a i se da voie, a i se permite;
2) ipoteza, posibilitatea:
She may change her mind.( Ea poate sa-si schimbe parerea).
E. MIGHT:
1) probabilitate - incertitudine (20%) ;
It might rain.
S-ar putea sa ploua.
F. NEED
- atat verb obisnuit cat si verb modal;
- verbul modal se gaseste in principal la formele negative si interogative;
- Negativ : absenta necesitatii;
You needn’t worry.
Nu trebuie sa te ingrijorezi.
- Interogativ:sens apropiat de MUST( asteptarea unui raspuns negativ) ;
- Need I go to school ? – Yes, you must./No, you needn’t.
- Trebuie sa merg la scoala ? Da, trebuie/Nu, nu este nevoie.
G. WILL
1.cere un serviciu in mod politicos :
Will you help me carry my suitcase ?
Vrei sa ma ajuti sa car valiza?
2. intentie ferma :
You will do!
Vei face!
H. WOULD
1) would folosit in mod repetat – caracteristic trecutului;
When he was four,Tom would wake up at night.
Cand avea 4 ani, Tom se trezea noaptea.
2)auxiliarul conditionalului;
If he was not that stupid, he would be such a nice guy.
Daca nu era atat de idiot, ar fi putut fi un baiat atat de dragut.
3) a cere un serviciu, in mod politicos;
Would you please open the window ?
Vrei sa deschizi fereastra?
I. SHALL
1) constrangere, regulament:
eg.: You shall not kill.( Nu trebuia sa ucizi).
2) angajament :
eg. : We shall overcome (Vom invinge).
3) intrebare politicoasa, sugestie :
eg.: Shall we go to the cinema tonight ?
Mergem diseara la cinema?
J. SHOULD
1) infinitivul prezent : sfat
eg : You should be more careful.
Ar trebui sa fii mult mai atent .
2) infinitivul trecut : repros
You should have been more careful.
Ar fi trebuit sa fii mult mai atent.
K. OUGHT TO = AR TREBUI
- are o singura forma;
- este urmat intotdeauna de un infinitiv to;
- indica o obligatie, o datorie morala, de obicei sub forma de sfat dat de
catre vorbitor :
eg.:
You ought to write a thank you letter.
Ar trebui sa scrii o scrisoare de multumire.
! Didn't Have to / Didn't Need to - actiunea nu a fost necesara si nici nu a fost facuta
It started raining heavily so I didn’t need to water the flowers. (it wasn’t necessary, so I didn’t do that.)
It was my day off yesterday, that’s why I didn’t need to get up early.(It was not obligatory for me)
Needn't Have + Verb3 - Actiunea a fost facuta desi nu era necesar si a fost chiar o pierdere de timp
You needn’t have done the washing up as I was going to do that tomorrow.
When the party was over, I realized that you needn’t have cooked so much food as most of it was
untouched.
Verbul Modal Înțelesul Exemple frazale
(ce exprimă)
can abilitatea I can solve that exercise. = Pot să rezolv exercițiul acela.
I could skate when I was little.
= Puteam/Știam să patinez când eram mica.
You can go now. = Poți să pleci acum.
She can/could win this contest. = Ar putea să câștige concursul ăsta.
permisiunea Can/Could you bring me the letters?
posibilitatea = Ai putea sa îmi aduci scrisorile (te rog)?
could rugamintea
(interogativ)
may permisiunea You may go. = Poți/Ai voie să pleci.
might posibilitatea They may/might earn lots of money. = Ar putea câștiga mulți bani.
Must obligativitatea She must do her homework first. = Trebuie să-și facă tema înainte.
posibilitatea He must be tired after the trip. = Trebuie să fie obosit după drum.
have to obligativitatea I have to go to work now. = Trebuie să plec la serviciu acum.
ought to obligativitatea You ought to finish your project before going out.
= Trebuie să-ți termini proiectul înainte de a ieși.
need to obligativitatea You need to be there at 8. = Trebuie să fii acolo la 8.
shall obligativitatea The employee shall report any abuse at work.
(formal) = Angajatul trebuie să raporteze orice abuz la locul de muncă.
sugestia Should I bring you your tools?
(interogativ) = Îți aduc uneltele?
un sfat You should see that documetary.
= Ar trebui să urmărești documentarul acela.
She should be at school by now. = Cred că a ajuns deja la școală.
should presupunerea
will obligativitatea You will listen to me. = Va trebui să mă asculți!
rugamintea Will/would you take me there? = Mă duci acolo (te rog)?
(interogativ) Would you write her a few lines? = Îi scrii câteva rânduri (te rog)?
probabilitatea It would be his coat. = Probabil că e haina lui.
repetitivitatea (in We would spend every holiday at the seaside.
would trecut) = Ne petreceam fiecare vacanță la mare.
Practice
A. Write the correct modal verb: can/ couldn't/ have to/ might/ must/ ought to/ shouldn't/ was
able
1. It's very cold today. Do you think it ………………… snow later?
2. You ………………………….. leave your door unlocked when you go out.
3. They ………………………….. have filled the car with petrol before they set off.
4. My motorbike broke down in the middle of nowhere, but luckily I ………………… to fix it.
May mustn't
Q4 - It's OK- you ____ go when you've Q9 - The weather ____ be better tomorrow.
finished. can
may
may
might
Q10 - ____ you speak Japanese?
Q5 - Ask any questions now as you ____ not Can
talk during the test.
may
May
could
C. Choose the correct answer.
Q1 - You ____ leave if you've finished. Q6 - You ____ take a mobile phone into the
exam.
may
might can't
Either could be used here. may not
Either could be used here.
Q2 - ____ I come in?
Q7 - ___ you help me?
Can
May Can
Either could be used here. Could
Either could be used here.
Q3 - We ____ not get into the concert without
tickets, so we went home. Q8 - I'm afraid you ____ not take the exam
until you pay for it.
might
could may
Either could be used here. might
Q4 - ____ I open the window? Q9 - You ____ smoke anywhere on the train.
Could cannot
May might not
Either could be used here.
Q10 - You ____ use my dictionary if you want.
Q5 - ____ you turn the heating up a bit,
can
please?
might
Could Either could be used here.
May
D. Fill in can, have to, may, might, must, need, should or (not) allowed to.
1. He ... go skating because he broke his leg.
2. Many children in Britain ... wear school uniforms.
3. I'm not sure but Jane ... come to visit me this afternoon.
4. Didn't you see the sign? You ... drive more than 30 miles.
5. He speaks a lot of languages, but he ... speak Chinese.
6. It ... snow. It looks like it.
7. You ... drive on the right in Britain.
8. He is a good boxer. You ... be careful.
9. You ... to smoke in the office.
10. This test will be very difficult. So you ... learn a lot.
11. You ... eat more vegetables because they are healthy.
12. I don't ... the car. You can take it.
13. He does everything himself. He ... no help.
14. It's going to rain. You ... shut the window.
15. You ... start a fire in the forest.
1. Before you step into the street, you ____ look right and left for traffic.
a. can c would
b. must d shouldn’t
2. You _____ ride your bike on the pavement.
a. can’t c. wouldn’t
b. can d. may
3. You ______ be listening to music while you’re pedalling.
a. can c. must
b. shouldn’t d. may
4. You _____ keep your ears open for cars.
a. should c. wouldn’t
b. must d. may
5.………………. you ride a bike safely? I’m not sure.
a. Can c. Must
b. Shouldn’t d. May
6.If you ride safely, I ____ let you ride your bike by yourself.
a. would c. shouldn’t
b. may d. Should
7. When you ride a bike, you ____ signal before turns and lane changes.
a.shouldn’t c. must
b. would d. mustn’t
8. You ______ forget to put on a helmet.
a. mustn’t b. should
b. wouldn’t c. can
9. ______ you use the front and rear brakes well?
a. Should c. Can
b. Must d. Would
10. ________you like to ride my bike now?
a. Can c. Should
b. Would d. May
11. If I were you, I _____ buy a new bicycle. Yours is too old!
a. would c. wouldn’t
b. should d. must
12. Carol ____ win the first prize. She’s been training a lot!
a. shouldn’t c. may
b would d. can’t
F. Fill in can, have to, may, might, must, need, should or (not) allowed to.
1. George has travelled a lot. He ... speak many languages.
2. I can hear you quite well. You ... not shout.
3. I'm not sure where I will go for my holidays, but I ... go to Italy.
4. She ... ride her bike at night without lights. It's not allowed.
5. She ... not eat so much chocolate because it's bad for her figure.
6. I ... understand him.He should speak louder.
7. It's later than I thought. I ... go now.
8. You ... be a better trainer if you want to improve yourself.
9. Talk to Ann about your problems. I'm sure she ... help you.
10. You ... not vacuum the carpets because Carol has already done it.
11. You .... be tired because you have worked very hard.
12. He ... come to my party because he is ill.
13. He ... go to the dentist when he has a toothache.
14. It's not very important. You ... not do it now. You .... do it tomorrow.
G. Complete the sentences using the words listed in the box below
can could have to must might should
1. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He .......................................... be exhausted
after such a long flight. He ................................................ prefer to stay in tonight and get some rest.
2. If you want to get a better feeling for how the city is laid out,
3. Hiking the trail to the peak ................................................... be dangerous if you are not well
prepared for dramatic weather changes. You ..................................... research the route a little more
4. When you have a small child in the house, you ............................................. leave small objects
lying around. Such objects ............................................. be swallowed, causing serious injury or even
death.
5. Dave: .................................................... you hold your breath for more than a minute?
7. Please make sure to water my plants while I am gone. If they don't get enough water,
8. I ...................................... speak Arabic fluently when I was a child and we lived in Egypt. But after
we moved back to Canada, I had very little exposure to the language and forgot almost everything I
knew as a child. Now, I ................................................ just say a few things in the language.
10. Leo: Where is the spatula? It ...................................................... be in this drawer but it's not here.
Nancy: I just did a load of dishes last night and they're still in the dish washer.
11. You ........................................... take your umbrella along with you today. The weatherman on the
news said there's a storm north of here and it .................................................. rain later on this
afternoon.
13. Oh no! Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He ......................................... have left it here
last night.
Stephen: Sure, no problem. Actually, you .................................. keep it if you want to. I've given up
smoking.
15. I ................................... believe she said that to Megan! She ............................... insult her cooking
in front of everyone at the party last night. She ......................................... have just said she was full or
16. Do you ................................................. chew with your mouth open like that? Geez, it's making me
17. Mrs. Scarlett's body was found in the lounge just moments ago, and it's still warm! Nobody has left
the mansion this evening, so the killer ..................................... be someone in this room.
18. Ted: I don't know why Denise starting crying when I mentioned the wedding.
Pamela: It .............................................. have been what you said about her brother. Or, perhaps she is
19. .................................................. you always say the first thing that pops into your
20. I was reading the book last night before I went to bed. I never took it out of this room.
H. Match 1 - 10 to a - j.
1. It is a very good film. _____ 4. It is the last train. _____
2. He is not sure now. _____ 5. It's Sunday today. _____
3. She is so different. _____ 6. This exhibition is not free of charge. _____
7. I'll prepare breakfast myself. _____ d We mustn't miss it.
8. The coach leaves tonight and it takes twelve e You can be her sister.
hours to get here. _____ f You can't be her sister.
9. Your address is the same. _____ g I have to buy a ticket.
10. We have plenty of time. _____ h I must buy a ticket.
a You needn't get up early. i He may come tomorrow.
b You don't have to get up early. j He must come tomorrow.
c We can't miss it.
J. For each sentence, choose either "Needn't Have" or "Didn't Need To" to fill the spaces.
Remember!
Needn't Have - You didn't know something was unnecessary but you did it.
Didn't Need To - You knew something was unnecessary and you either did it or not.
1. I ……………………………………. (go) to work today but I went as I knew they were really busy
on this new contract.
2. I ……………………………………… (take) any money to the museum - I didn't realise it was free
to enter.
3. Sheila …………………………………………….. (got) a taxi to the party. I would have given her a
lift in my car.
4. Oh Mike, you ……………………………………….. (buy) me anything for my birthday! A simple
card would have been perfectly acceptable.
5. Today was the last day of school and we …………………………………….. (attend) classes in the
afternoon.
6. We went for a lovely walk in the woods yesterday. We took a huge picnic with us but there was a
diner there anyway. We ………………………………………. (take) anything!
7. Our boss told us we had an extra three days to finish the project so we
……………………………………………. (work) so hard.
8. You …………………………………………… (say) anything to Carla about the broken vase. She
understood what had happened anyway.
5. Please speak louder. I __________ 11. I like math. I ______ solve math
hear you very well. problems quickly.
a. could b. couldn’t c. can a. could b. couldn’t c. can
d. can’t d. can’t
6. I am very tired because I 12. Tom is too small to play soccer. What
__________sleep last night. ______ he do?
a. can’t b. could c. can a. can’t b. can c.
d. couldn’t could d. couldn’t
9. It is cold in here. ________ you 15. I was so tired. I ________ have slept
please shut the window? the whole day.
a. Can’t b. Could c. a. can b. can’t c.
Couldn’t d. Can could d. couldn‘t
IV. Complete the sentences: can, can’t, must, mustn’t, need, needn’t, should, shouldn’t!
1. You ……………………….. finish your work, because it’s late.
2. We ……………………….. get up early, we ……………………….. be late.
3. Don’t be nervous! You ……………………….. be calm. You ………………………..
be nervous.
4. John ……………………….. translate the English text. He ………………………..
learn more.
5. People ……………………….. smoke in this building, because it’s forbidden.
6. These boys are too young, they ……………………….. go to the disco.
7. The windows aren’t dirty, you ……………………….. clean them.
8. It’s very hot in summer. We ……………………….. water the flowers twice a week.
9. The mother ……………………….. go to the bank, because she hasn’t got any money.
10. Jim and Jack have a lot of horses. They ……………………….. ride a horse.
11. I ……………………….. help you, because I don’t know the solution.
12. Before dinner people ……………………….. wash their hands.
13. We ……………………….. leave the meeting early, we ……………………….. stay
until the end.
14. This girl ……………………….. drink so much cola. It’s not healthy.
15. Susan has a lot of free time, she ……………………….. hurry.
16. It’s a fantastic movie. You ……………………….. see it.
17. You ……………………….. learn to ride a bike. It’s very useful.
18. We ……………………….. forget to visit our grandparents at the weekend.
19. Jim ……………………….. remember to feed his cat before he goes to work.
20. Children ……………………….. eat a chocolate every day.
21. This family ……………………….. buy a bigger house, because this house is too
small for them.
22. My friend ……………………….. relax more, because he is depressed.
23. Our mother is very old and ill, she ……………………….. work in the garden.
24. This flat isn’t big enough, you ……………………….. rent this.
25. These documents are very important, we ……………………….. lose them.
26. This dog isn’t hungry, you ……………………….. feed it.
27. I ……………………….. speak German fluently, because I always learn hard.
28. Tom ……………………….. forget to turn off the TV before he goes to bed.
29. Julia ……………………….. remember to turn off the lights before she goes away.
30. You ……………………….. go home. You ……………………….. stay here if you
want.
31. I ……………………….. write an essay now. I ……………………….. do it
tomorrrow.
32. You ……………………….. be afraid of my dog, because it’s very friendly.
33. Our children ……………………….. sing well. They don’t have a good ear for music.
34. Children ……………………….. watch Tv so much. They ………………………..
learn more.
35. I ……………………….. forget to do the English homework.
36. Peter ……………………….. work hard, but he is lazy.
37. We ……………………….. eat less chocolate. We are very fat.
38. Children ……………………….. go to school every day.
39. I feel bad, I ……………………….. go to the doctor.
40. You ……………………….. be late, this meeting is very important.
41. This film is too agressive. Children ……………………….. see it.
42. It’s late, I ……………………….. go now.
43. Big cities are very dangerous. Women ……………………….. go out in dark.
44. This man is very ill, he is in hospital. He ……………………….. go home.
45. We ……………………….. work a lot because we ……………………….. money for
food and clothes.
46. Maria ……………………….. an umbrella because it’s raining.
47. Roads are slippery in winter, you ……………………….. drive carefully.
48. These parents are very poor. They ……………………….. save more money.
49. You ……………………….. worry. This illness isn’t so serious.
V. Fill in the blanks with: can, can’t, could, should, shouldn’t, must, mustn’t, may, might,
needn’t
Some gaps may have more than one correct answer.
1. We _____________ hurry. We've got plenty of time.
2. Gail's flight from New York took more than 11 hours. She ______________ be exhausted and
________________ prefer to stay in tonight.
3. Going out at night in that neighborhood ___________________ be dangerous. You
_________________ avoid going there.
4. When you have a small child in the house, you _________________ be careful. For example,
you ________________leave small objects lying around. Such objects
____________________ be swallowed, causing serious injury or even death.
5. You _________________ smoke so much, it’s bad for your health.
6. Tracy’s engagement ring is enormous! It __________________ have cost a fortune!
7. Please make sure to water my plants while I am gone. If they don't get enough water, they
________________ die.
8. I ________________speak Arabic fluently when I was a child and we lived in Egypt. But after
we moved back to Canada, I had very little exposure to the language and forgot almost
everything I knew as a child. Now, I _____________ just say a few things in the language.
9. I _______________ find my watch anymore. It _______________ be in the dresser but it’s
not. I remember I put it in the first drawer, I’m sure, so it ____________ be in there. That's the
only other place it _____________ be.
10. Oh look! Jenny’s scarf is lying on the table. She __________ have left it here last night.
11. It’s going to rain, you ________________ take an umbrella.
12. The light is off in his room. Peter _______________ be sleeping now.
13. This is a very precious book. You ___________ lose it.
14. You ______________ wash those carrots. They've already been washed.
15. This is a very good book. You _____________ read it.
16. Mary gave me a letter to post. I _____________ forget to mail it.
17. She looks pretty sick. She _______________ see a doctor.
18. I _____________ believe that you failed your test!
19. You ______________ run faster if you weren’t so lazy!
20. _____________ I borrow your pen?
VI. For each sentence, choose between can't, might or must to fill each space.
1. Your mother __________ be a great cook. You are always so keen to get back home to eat!
2. I don't know why I am so tired these days. I __________ be working too hard. Or maybe I am not
sleeping too well.
3. Do you know where Carl is? He __________ be out - his car keys are on the table.
4. You seem to know everything about the theatre. You __________ go every week.
5. To give the promotion to Harold was silly. He __________ know much about this company after
only a year working here.
6. Go and look in the kitchen for your gloves. They __________ be in there.
7. Oh, the phone is ringing. Answer it. It __________ be Kate. She always rings at this time.
8. Dan has been drinking that whiskey since early this afternoon. He __________ be totally drunk by
now.
9. That couple __________ think much of this film. They're leaving already - after only 20 minutes!
10. That's the second new car they have bought this year. They __________ be very rich!
VII. Fill in the following spaces, using can for the present, could for past and will be able for the
future. Put to where necessary before the infinitives.
1. _______________ you stand on your head?
2. When I’ve passed my driving test I __________ hire a car from our local garage.
3. At the end of the month the Post Office will send him an enormous telephone bill which he
__________ pay (negative)
4. I _________ remember the address. (negative)
5. When the fog lifts we ____________ see where we are.
6. You’ve put too much in your rucksack; you never _________ carry all that.
7. When I was a child I ________ understand adults, and now that I am an adult I ___________
understand children (negative , negative)
8. When you have taken your degree ________ you put letters after your name?
9. Don’t try to look at the pictures gallery. Otherwise when you get home you _____________
remember any of them (negative)
10. When I first went to Spain I _________ read Spanish but I __________ speak it. (2 nd verb
negative)
11. __________ you type?
12. I am locked. I _________ get out (negative)
XI. Complete the sentences with the positive or negative forms of must or have to.
1. Brilliant! I ___________________ study tonight because I've finished my exams.
2. You ___________________ use a mobile phone on a plane.
3. You can go out, but you ___________________ be home by midnight.
4. Jo _______________________ go to school by bus. She lives nearby.
5. We _____________________ cook tonight. We can get a pizza.
6. She _____________________ get up early. She's on holiday.
7. You ____________________ study harder or you are going to fail.
8. You _____________________drive faster than 120 km/h on the motorway.
XII. Complete the sentences with the correct modal verb. Use must, mustn't, or don't have to.
I _________________ go to school from Monday to Friday. We ___________________wear a
uniform, so I normally wear sports clothes. We ___________________ arrive late, and
we ___________________ go to every class. In class, we __________________ shout, play or sing.
We _____________________ have lunch at school, so I sometimes go home. When school finishes,
I ___________________ look after my little sister. When my parents come home
I ______________________ stay in, so I usually go out with my friends. When I get home,
I __________________ do my homework. I ____________________ go to bed late, except on
Fridays, when I _________________ go to bed before midnight.
G. Each question describes a situation. Based on the situation, decide which conditional sentence
is the most appropriate; you can choose from the zero, first, second or third conditional forms.
2. It may rain this afternoon. I hope it doesn't because I don't want the match to be cancelled.
A. ? If you hadn't ignored my advice, you wouldn't have got into trouble.
B. ? If you don't ignore my advice, you won't get into trouble.
C. ? If I had known Philosophy, I would have been able to answer your question.
III. Rewrite the sentences into reported speech. Use the verbs in brackets.
1. “Why don’t we go to Brazil on holiday next summer?! (suggest)
Paul
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. “I’m not wearing this dress for the party, definitely!” (refuse)
Carol
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. “The new teacher will start teaching next week.” (announce)
The headmaster ………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. “Where are you going so fast, Sally?” (want to know)
Dave ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. “Don’t make so much noise, children or the neighbours will phone the police now.” (tell)
Dad …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. “Can you make me some coffee please, I’m exhausted.” (ask).
Mum
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. “The Smiths have bought a new car this morning.” (say)
Alice
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. “I wouldn’t miss my lessons if I were you, Tom.” (advise)
Emily
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. “We’re so sorry for being late, but we couldn’t park the car as soon as we
expected.” (apologize)
They
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. “My sister studies at London University this year.” (comment)
Tom
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11. Where did you put your iPod, Sue?” (be interested in knowing)
Lewis ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
12. “OK, Tony, I’ll give you a lift to the airport.” (agree)
Paul
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13. “You can’t enter the library if you haven’t got your card.” (prohibit)
The librarian
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. “Are you ready to leave now, Andy?” (ask)
Mary
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. “I’m going to buy a present for my mum this evening.” (say)
Alice ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Change the interview above to reported speech. Pay attention to tense, pronoun, and adverb
agreement.
1. The reporter asked ________. d. is it his most challenging moment.
a. how long is it he prepare for race 9. The reporter inquired
b. he prepare how long for the race _____________more marathons in the near
c. how long did he prepare for the race future.
d. how long he had been preparing for the race a. whether he was going to run
2. The runner replied that b. that are you going to run
_______________. c. whether are you going to run
a. I have been running for about five years d. you going to run
b. I was running for about five years 10. The athlete answered
c. he had been running for about five years ___________________.
d. he is running for about five years a. that he was looking forward to running one
3. Next, the reporter asked him in Seattle in the coming month.
____________. b. that he is looking forward to running one in
a. why he likes to run Seattle next month.
b. why does he like to run c. that he looks forward to running one in
c. why do you like to run Seattle next month.
d. why he liked to run d. if he was looking forward to running one in
4. The runner said ____________. Seattle next month.
a. that he is needing to improve his overall 11. The reporter asked ________________
health. about getting back in shape.
b. he needed to improve his overall health a. could he give him some advice
c. that I have needed to improve my overall b. whether you could give me some advice
health c. that he could give him some advice
d. I needed to improve my overall health. d. whether he could give him some advice
5. He added that __________ to get out in 12. The athlete advised
the morning and run. ___________________.
a. I can't wait a. that he eat healthful food and keep moving.
b. I couldn't wait b. that he eats healthful food and keeps
c. he can't wait moving.
d. he couldn't wait c. that he is eating healthful food and keeping
6. Next, the reporter asked him ___________ moving.
a. what is your favorite part of a marathon d. that healthful food he should eat and moving
b. what his favorite part of a marathon is he should keep.
c. what his favorite part of a marathon was 13. The reporter thanked him and
d. what is it his favorite part of a marathon _________ his coach as well.
7. The marathoner replied a. told him thank
______________to the 20-mile mark in the b. told him that he thank
marathon race. c. told to him to thank
a. that it is when he gets d. told him to thank
b. that it is when I get 14. The reporter suggested that
c. that it is when he got _______________ some rest.
d. when he gets a. he gets
8. He added ___________________. b. he got
a. what is his most challenging moment. c. he will get
b. that it was his most challenging moment. d. he get
c. that it is his most challenging moment.
15. The athlete responded b. that he is honored to be here on your show.
___________________. c. that he was honored to be here on his show.
a. that I am honored to be here on your show. d. that he was honored to be there on his show.
D. Report
1. He wants to know ... / "When does the swimming pool open?"
2. The doctor told me that ... / "You eat too much sugar."
3. He asked me ... / "Have you lived here long?"
4. My friend asked me ... / "Will you do me a favor?"
5. Father told the kids ... "Don't make so much noise."
6. He asked ... / "Where is the restaurant?"
7. Mike said that ... / "I'm quite sure it's broken."
8. He said ... / "I've never seen her before."
9. Mother asked Bob ... / "Have you done your homework yet?"
10. He said ... / People exchange gifts at Christmas.
FOLLOW UP
Focus on conditionals
A. What is the correct answer?
D. Fill in
1) If we (go) __________ now, we (be) __________ back for dinner in time.
2) What (you do) ______________ in my position?
3) If I (be) __________ you, I (send) _____________ the letter as soon as possible.
4) She was really lucky! She (die) ____________________ if they (not see)
____________________ her.
5) I (not need) _______________ to study so hard if I (speak) __________ perfect English.
6) You (get) __________ a cold if you (not close) ______________ the window.
7) If she (not phone) ______________ her father soon, he (be) __________ worried.
8) (You let him in) ________________________ if he (come) ______________ to the party
yesterday?
9) If she (be) __________ taller, she (be able) ______________ to join the basketball team.
10) You (be) __________ rich if you (win) __________ the lottery. But this is unlikely.
11) You (not be able) ____________________ to go to New York unless you (get)
__________ a visa.
12) He (take) ______________ away your mobile phone if you (not stop) __________
__________ writing text messages.
13) We (be) ____________________ very happy if you (tell) ______________ us about it
sooner. But now, it’s too late.
14) If you (give) __________ me half of your pocket money, I (do) __________ your
homework.
15) If the weather (be) __________ nice next weekend, we (go) __________ to the beach
2 Look at the online catalogue for sports equipment. Then circle the correct answers.
Ball (small) €20 ****
Ball (big) €30 ****
Water bottle (small) €8 *****
Water bottle (big) €10 *****
Table tennis table €200 *****
Tennis racket €35 *****
1. The small water bottle is cheaper than / more expensive than / the most
expensive the big water bottle.
2. The big ball is not as expensive as / not as cheap as / as expensive as the tennis
racket.
3. The table tennis table is cheaper than / more expensive than / the most
expensive item in the catalogue.
4. The cheap ball is bigger than / smaller than / as big as the other ball.
5. The balls are as good as / better than / not as good as the table tennis tables.
6. The small water bottle is cheaper than / as cheap as / the cheapest item in the
catalogue.
3 Write sentences from the prompts using the present simple, present continuous,
past simple or past continuous tense.
1 you / watch TV / at the moment / ?
_____________________________________
2 They / not see / the match / yesterday
_____________________________________
3 We / sleep / badly / last night
_____________________________________
4 What / they / talk about / when I called / ?
_____________________________________
5 How often / you / see / your grandparents / ?
_____________________________________
4 Complete the sentences with the words below. Use too … or (not) … enough.
busy • big • old • far • loud • warm
too loud
1. I can’t hear you. The radio is ………………………
2. You can’t put all your clothes in that bag. It’s ................................................
3. I can’t come to your house today. I’m ............................................
4. We can’t go swimming today. It’s ……………………………… .
5. Bill is eighteen. He is ……………………………… to drive a car.
7 Rewrite the sentences using the going to or will form of the verb in brackets.
1 I ____________________ (go) shopping tomorrow, so I _____________ (be) poorer
when I get home.
2 I ____________________________ (attend) the
school meeting tonight, so I __________________ (know) all the school’s plans.
3 They ___________________ (build) on the park, so we ________________ (lose) our
green space.
4 We _____________ (not see) you tonight because we ____________________ (get)
home late.
9 Complete the dialogue with a suitable word or the correct form of the verb in
brackets.
Roy (1) ______________ you ______________ (come) to the school concert tonight?
Julia I don’t know yet. I (2) ___________________ come. But I (3) ______________
definitely ______________ (miss) the first half because Mum’s friend Mary, (4)
______________
went to university with her, is coming for dinner tonight.
Roy You can bring your mum and Mary. The school hasn’t sold (5) _______________
tickets, so they’ll be pleased to have more people.
Julia I think Mum and Mary will have
(6) ______________ many things to talk
about. They haven’t seen each other
(7) ______________ twenty years. I
(8) ______________ like to come – I don’t want to spend the evening listening to
their university memories!
13 Complete the sentences with should (n’t), must (n’t) or (don’t) have to.
1 You ___________________ talk to her – she’ll understand.
2 You ___________________ pay to get in – it’s free until 10 p.m.
3 You ___________________ leave without saying goodbye – I’ll never forgive you!
4 They ___________________ go to bed so late – they’re always tired.
5 You ___________________ ring this number – it’s the only way to contact them.
14 Rewrite the sentences using the going to or will form of the verb in brackets.
1 I ____________________________ (appear) on TV, so I ___________________ (be)
famous.
2 My brother _____________________________ (attend) a single-sex school, so he
____________________ (not know) any girls.
3 They ____________________ (go) on holiday to Greece, so they _______________
(get) brown.
19. Rephrase
1. “Don’t forget to sign this application form” advised the secretary.
The secretary advised …
2. He seldom goes to church. (often)
10. Sarah doesn’t learn to use the new computer. She doesn’t practice enough.
Unless …
11. “Have you taken my toothbrush?, she asked her husband.
She asked …
12. I hate getting up early.
I can’t …
13. When will the delivery van bring us the food?
When will we …
14. They finished the job at 12.00.
By 12.10 …
15. First he turned on his computer, and then he went onto Facebook.
After …
16. She last saw her brother on Wednesday.
She hasn’t …
17. Melbourne is a beautiful Australian city. It has some environmental problems. (which)
(A) Doar verbele tranzitive (cele care primesc un complement pentru a le întregi sensul) pot fi
puse la diateză pasivă. Ex.
(i) She ate an apple. (=vb. tranzitiv) An apple was eaten by her.
(ii) The tree grows. (=vb. intranzitiv) Can’t be changed into passive.
(C) Când se tranformă propoziţia din activ în pasiv se modifică şi structura predicatului:
NO. TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE
1 Simple Present Tense Write/s Is/am/are + written
2 Simple Past Tense wrote Was/were + written
3 Simple Future Tense Will write Will + be + written
4 Present Continuous Tense Is/am/are writing Is/am/are + being + written
5 Past Continuous Tense Was/were writing Was/were + being + written
6 Future Continuous Tense Will be writing Will be writing (No Changes)
7 Present Perfect Tense Has/have written Has/have + been + written
8 Past Perfect Tense Had written Had + been + written
9 Future Perfect Tense Will have written Will + have + been + written
10 Infinitive Form To write To + be + written
11 Modal Auxiliary May/might/shall/should … May/might/shall/should … + be
+ write + written
12 Imperative Sentences Write that letter Let + that letter + be + written
13 Sentences with ‘LET’ Let her write a letter Let + that letter + be + written
14 Miscellaneous It is said … He is said to …
15 Miscellaneous Everyone predicts that... It is predicted that …
(D) Conjuncţii ca ‘by’, ‘with’, ‘to’, ‘in’ etc. apar în faţa complementelor (de agent) în diateza
pasivă. Exemple:
(i) A saw cut the tree. (Active)
The tree was cut with a saw. [cram, crowd, decorate, fill, flood throng]
(ii) I know him. (Active)
He is known to me. (Passive)
(iii) This rack contains 200 books. (Active)
200 books are contained in this rack. (Passive)
(iv) Nila wrote a nice letter. (Active)
A nice letter was written by Nila. (Passive)
(E) Uneori propoziţia la diateză pasivă nu precizezază cine face acţiunea (subiectul). Prin
urmare, atunci când tranformăm în activ aproximăm cine ar putea fi autorul acţiunii.
Example:
(i) Our house was broken into last night. (Passive)
Some burglars broke into our house last night. (Active)
Some information was given to the police by a witness. (Passive) --- (B)
1
Notă: De obicei se proferă varianta în care subiectul este o persoană şi nu un lucru, prin
urmare varianta A este preferată în cazul exemplului de mai sus.
(G) Atunci când folosim adverbe de timp, mod sau frecvenţă de obicei acestea apar după
primul auxiliar al predicatului, de ex.
1. We are always taught to be kind and honest.
2. Shyam and Raju have seldom been seen at the gym.
3. The carpets are often put out to air in the sun.
(H) Când se transformă o locuţiune verbală (verb + preposition OR verb + adverb) din activ
în pasiv este important să nu omitem adverbul sau prepoziţia care intră în structura
acestuia, de ex:
A. Coca Cola took over the brand Thumbs up in the last decade of 20th century.
P. The brand Thumbs up was taken over by Coca Cola in the last decade of 20th cen.
LET’S PRACTICE!
(A) (Simple Present) Turtles _________ (find) in all the warm oceans of the world. Turtle’s
nests _________ (make) at night on sandy beaches. About one hundred eggs _________ (lay) in each
nest. However, nesting turtles _________ (often disturb) by noise and light of the discos. When the
babies leave the nest for the sea, they follow the light of the moon. But if they _________ (distract) by
hotel lights, they move in the wrong direction. Babies who lose their way on the beach _________
(often kill) by birds. If they reach the sea, they _________ (sometimes injure) or even killed by
speedboats.
(B) (A/P) People all over the world _________ (drink) tea. It _________ (suppose) to be a very
refreshing drink. It _________ (also offer) to the guests as a mark of courtesy. To make tea _________
(be) quite easy. Tea leaves _________ (take) in a teapot and boiling water _________ (pour) over
them. The teapot _________ (keep) aside for a couple of minutes. Meanwhile milk _________ (boil)
in another pot. Now tea water _________ (pour) into a cup. Milk and sugar _________ (add) to it
according to one’s taste. And a refreshing cup of tea _________ (be) ready.
(C)
1. Gerry has fed the cat this morning.
The cat
2. They always announce the result of the exam in June.
The result…
3. Students don't speak English in class.
English…
4. My wallet was taken by a thief.
A thief…
5. Thomas Edison didn’t invent the light bulb in 1867.
The light bulb…
6. The bedrooms have been cleaned by the maid.
The maid…
7. The boys offered the girls some help.
* The girl…
* Some…
8. Helen is not making us dinner tonight.
* Dinner…
* We…
9. A hail storm destroyed many homes last week.
Many homes…
10. Notebooks are going to be bought for the school.
We…
11. Farmers had often used pesticides when planting corn.
Pesticides…
12. Cricket is not played in America.
People…
13. Sherry can listen to music in every room of her home.
Music…
14. Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa in Venice.
The Mona Lisa…
15. My students have given me a cherry tree for my garden.
*I…
* A cherry tree …
(D) (Simple Past) Last summer Tom went camping with Boy Scouts. First, the ground
_________ (clear) of stones and plants. The tents _________ (put up) in a circle. A special shelf
_________ (make) in each tent 4 inches off the ground. The suitcases and sleeping bags _________
(put) on this shelf. Wood _________ (collect) and _________ (place) in the centre of the circle for
fire. The kitchen tent _________ (put up) near the sleeping tents. All the food _________ (put) inside
this tent to keep it safe. The boys stayed in this camp for eight days.
(E) (A/P) Let me tell you of a country where planting trees _________ (be) an essential part of
life. This country is Israel. In Israel, in the days gone by, fathers _________ (plant) trees when their
children _________ (bear). A cedar tree _________ (plant) if the child ________ (be) a boy, for cedars
are usually tall and strong. But if the child _________ (be) a girl, the father _________ (plant) a
cypress tree, for cypress suggests softness and sweetness. The children _________ (look) after these
trees until they _________ (get) married. At the marriage ceremony, branches from these trees
_________ (cut) to hold up the wedding tent.
(F) Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or past simple, active or passive.
(1) It is a big factory. Five hundred people _________ (employ) there.
(2) _________ (somebody/clean) this room yesterday?
(3) Water _________ (cover) most of the earth’s surface.
(4) How much of the earth’s surface _________ (cover) by water?
(5) The park gates _________ (lock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.
(6) The letter _________ (post) a week ago and it _________ (arrive) yesterday.
(7) The boat hit a rock and _________ (sink) quickly. Fortunately everybody _________
(rescue).
(8) Richard’s parents _________ (die) when he was very young. He and his sister _________
(bring up) by their grand parents.
(9) I was born in London, but I _________ (grow up) in Canada.
(10) While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (steal) from my hotel room.
(11) While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (disappear) from my hotel room.
(12) Why _________ (Sue/resign) from her job? Didn’t she enjoy it?
(13) Why _________ (Bill/sack) from his job? What did he do wrong?
(14) The company is not independent. It ________ (own) by a much larger company.
(15) I saw an accident last night. Somebody _________ (call) an ambulance but nobody
_________ (injure), so the ambulance_________ (not/need).
(16) Where _________ (these photographs/take)? In London? _________ (you/take) them, or
somebody else?
(17) Sometimes it is quite noisy living here, but it is not problem for me – I _________
(not/bother) by it.
(G) (Simple Future) Mrs. Lal is the headmistress of a big school. The students of her school are
going to stage a play Mrs. Lal is talking to the director.
Mrs. Lal: Have the boy’s costumes been made?
Director: They _________ (make) by the end of this week.
Mrs. Lal: What about the girl’s dress?
Director: They _________ (finish) tomorrow.
Mrs. Lal: Have the curtains been mended?
Director: I don’t think they _________ (mend) until Thursday.
Mrs. Lal: What about the chairs?
Director: I think they _________ (sell) in a couple of days.
(I) (Mixed) Last summer, I took an airplane flight from London to New York. I _________
(board) the plane at Croydon Airfield and, from that moment on, my life _________ (arrange) for me
by the flight attendants on the trip. First, I _________ (direct) to my seat by the flight attendants.
Then, when the plane _________ (be) ready to take off, the other passengers and I _________ (tell) to
fasten our seat belts. Next, we _________ (advise) where the emergency exits were. I _________
(make) sure that I _________ (give) a seat next to an exit.
A few minutes after take off, magazines and newspapers _________ (distribute). Because my ears
hurt, I _________ (take) out some gum to chew. Next, we _________ (give) instructions on what to do
in case of an emergency. I _________ (pay) two dollars for some earphones, which I _________ (use)
later to watch the movie.
Before dinner, we _________ (ask) if we _________ (want) a cocktail. Dinner _________ (serve) on a
tray, and it _________ (be + not) too bad; it was chicken. We _________ (permit) to have a refill on
any beverage.
After dinner, we _________ (show) a funny movie. When I _________ (feel) cold, I _________ (give)
a blanket, and when I felt airsick, I _________ (give) a paper bag. Everything _________ (do) for the
comfort of the passengers. When the plane _________ (land), I _________ (be) sorry to have to leave
and start doing things for myself again.
(J) (Mixed) Four burglars have escaped from custody only hours after _________ (sentence) to
ten years in prison. They _________ (transfer) from the law courts in Manchester to Strangeways
Prison. They _________ (find) guilty of stealing electrical goods and money from shops in the
Manchester area. It _________ (think) that they were all members of the same gang. They escaped
from the van in which they _________ (transport), when the driver _________ (force) to stop because
of a tree across the road. It _________ (believe) that the tree _________ (place) by other members of
the gang, who _________ (inform) of the route _________ (take) by the van. A full investigation of
the events leading to escape _________ (order) and anyone with information _________ (ask) to
contact the police to help with their enquiries.
(K) Twenty five years ago, my father ______ (join) a well known law firm as a junior lawyer.
Dad ______ (dedicate) and smart and he ______ (rise) quickly in the firm. Soon after, the firm ______
(employ) Mum as the personal assistant to the manager. Dad and Mum ______ (fall) in love and
______ (get) married six months later.
Today, Dad ______ (hold) the position of a senior partner in the firm. My parents ______ (raise) three
children. They ______ (give) us plenty of love, encouragement and sound advice when we were
young. We ______ always ______ (be) grateful to them.
Next Friday, my parents ______ (celebrate) their silver wedding anniversary. My brothers and I
______ (buy) an evening of entertainment. We ______ (present) them with gifts to cherish as
mementos.
(L) Fill in the blanks with the correct passive form of the verb in brackets.
(1) A government minister _________ (find) guilty of fraud yesterday.
(2) It was a lovely surprise to find all the washing-up _________ (do) while I was asleep.
(3) These souvenirs _________ (make) by children from the local school.
(4) I didn’t come here in order _________ (make) a fool of!
(5) The votes _________ (count) right now and we should know the result before midnight.
(6) This parcel appears _________ (open) before it _________ (deliver).
(7) As he _________ (sack) from his previous job, he found it hard to get another.
(8) The judges still have to decide which design _________ (award) the top prize.
(9) Many accidents _________ (cause) by dangerous driving.
(10) Cheese _________ (make) from milk.
(11) The roof of the building _________ (damage) in a storm a few days ago.
(12) You _________ (invite) to the wedding. Why didn’t you go?
(13) A cinema is a place where films _________ (show).
(14) In the US, elections for president _________ (hold) every four years.
(15) Originally the book _________ (write) in Spanish, and a few years ago it _________
(translate) into English.
(16) Although we were driving quite fast, we _________ (overtake) by a lot of other cars.
(17) You can’t see the house from the road. It _________ (surround) by trees.
(18) The situation is serious, something must _________ (do) before it’s too late.
(19) I haven’t received that letter. That might _________ (send) to the wrong address.
(20) A decision will not _________ (make) until the next meeting.
(21) Do you think that more money should _________ (spend) on education?
(22) This road is in very bad condition. It should _________ (repair) a long time ago.
(23) The injured man couldn’t walk and had to _________ (carry).
(24) It is not certain how the fire started. But it might _________ (cause) by an electrical fault.
(25) I told the hotel receptionist I wanted to _________ (wake) at 6.30 the next morning.
(26) If you hadn’t pushed the policeman you wouldn’t _________ (arrest).
(M) Rewrite these sentences in Active Voice. Supply the subject yourself wherever needed:
1. Her sweet will never be heard again in this hall.
2. Superstitions are still believed in.
3. These instructions can be easily understood.
4. The account had already been checked by me.
5. Living conditions are being gradually improved.
6. It is often said that honesty pays in the long run.
7. The late comers shouldn’t be permitted into the examination hall.
8. Was the patient requested to wait?
9. What are you being disturbed by?
10. How many candidates were called for interview?
11. Rotten eggs and tomatoes were thrown at the speaker.
PRACTICE TIME
A. Join the sentences with the linking words in brackets. Make the necessary changes.
1. The fans were really disappointed. The actor didn’t sign any autographs (since).
2. The harvest couldn’t start. It rained heavily the previous day (due to).
3. She hasn’t had much time after school. Our teacher hasn’t marked the exams yet (because).
4. It didn’t suit Mary. She didn’t buy the dress (since).
5. Our neighbours were having a party last night. We couldn’t sleep well (owing to).
6. They had to put some warm clothes on. The weather got terribly cold at night (because of).
7. Tom didn’t know Mary was coming to London. She didn’t phone Tom (since).
8. The play was boring and difficult to understand. The audience didn’t like it (because).
9. Some strikers complained. The police acted violently (due to).
10. The tour guide has changed today’s schedule without prior warning. Most travellers are angry
(since).
11. Nobody could solve it. It was such a difficult maths problem! (owing to).
12. The teacher wasn’t watching them. Most students cheated in the exam (as).
13. The number of robberies has increased dramatically. A new law has been implemented (due to).
14. People don’t spend so much money nowadays. Toy shops haven’t sold as many toys as they
expected (because).
15. The rate of unemployment will rise. Lots of factories are closing down (since).
16. The government has passed too strict anti-crisis laws. The popularity of the government has fallen
down (due to).
17. Mother won’t forgive him. Peter lied about his school marks (because).
18. There’s an underground strike today. We’re walking to work (owing to).
19. He swallowed a fish bone. Granddad had to go to hospital (since).
20. Prices are higher and higher. It’s hard for people to save money (because).
22. Our flight was cancelled. We missed Thanksgiving dinner (because of).
23. Most of the shopping Mary had done was useless to make the dish I wanted. We had to phone for a
pizza (as).
24. The passengers had to leave the airport terminal. There was a bomb threat (due to).
25. Anti-smoking laws don’t allow people to smoke in pubs. Bartenders say they have fewer customers
(because).
26. Most seaside resorts in Spain are spoilt. There’s been a lack of urban planning in these areas
(owing to)
27. The Managing Director was dismissed. The company made a great loss (since).
C. Reason or result?
1. The pop group cancelled their concert ……………………………………. the heavy rain.
2. The snails came out ……………………………. it had rained the previous night.
3. I had fallen asleep and …………………………………… I didn’t hear the phone ring.
4. I had guitar lessons last year…………………………….. now I know how to play.
5. Sea turtles are in danger of extinction ……………………………… tourism.
6. Helen didn’t come to the party …………………….. she had to care for her little brother.
7. The hotel rooms were awful………………………………..we had to leave.
8. We went to the disco…………………………… we wanted to dance.
9. Sylvia is not ready yet,………………………………. she will meet us later.
10. People cause fires. …………………………….. forests are becoming extinct.
11. I went out in the rain without an umbrella, …………………..I got sick.
12. I didn’t go with them last night……………………… I didn’t want to see Mike.
D. Rephrase
1. Some experts think the world is growing warmer, but others disagree.
While
2. I don't enjoy rock music, but I went to the concert anyway.
Although
3. Whereas prices rose last year, this year they have gone down.
Prices rose last year
4. Jim had a headache, but he still read until late.
In spite of his
5. Even though they were losing at half-time, City won in the end.
Despite
6. He wants to work as a disc jockey, whether his parents like the idea or not.
He wants to work as a disc jockey, even
7. Sam lost his job because he was lazy.
Sam was
8. I couldn't buy the house because it was expensive.
The house was
9. The book was so interesting that I couldn't put it down.
It was
10. There was too much noise, so we couldn't hear the speech.
There was so
11. The house was too much small to live in comfortably.
The house wasn't
12. The class was cancelled because there weren't enough students.
There were so
13. The mouse ran into its hole to avoid being trapped by the cat.
The mouse ran into its hole so as
14. She set the timer to avoid overcooking the beans.
She set the timer in
15. They used chemicals in order to kill the insects in the trees.
They used chemicals so
16. They made several complaints to the manager to prevent the same thing from happening
again.
They made several complaints to the manager so
TENSE QUIZ
1. _____ your homework?
A. Have you done B. Has you done C. Did you do D. Have you do E. Has you done
2. Which books .......................................... to school yesterday?
A. took you B. take you C. have you taken D. do you take E. did you take
3. When _____?
A. do you arrived B. did you arrived C. has you arrived D. have you arrived E. did you arrive
4. We _____ my aunt next week on Friday. It will be her birthday.
A. will visit B. visited C. is visiting D. have visited E. are visiting
5. We ............................... that film.
A. will already seen B. have already seen C. has already seen D. already saw E. already did see
6. The weather forecast says the sun _____ tomorrow.
A. is going to shine B. is shining C. may shine D. shines E. will shine
7. She _____ in this house for years.
A. has been living B. has lived C. have lived D. lived E. lives
8. Many things _____ this month.
A. changed B. didn't changed C. has changed D. have changed E. would change
9. Look! She ……………………………………….. from a large whisky-bottle.
A. are drinking B. drink C. drinks D. is drinking E. will drink
10. Leif Ericson..................Vinland while he …………………………towards the west.
A. was discovering ... sailed B. has discovered ... were sailing C. has discovered ... was sailing D.
discovered ... was sailing E. discovered ... sailed
11. If I ....................... the Superman, I ........................
A.was/ fly B. were/ will fly C. were/ would fly D. would be/ flew E. would be/ would fly
12. I ….……… (finish) doing this exercise.
A. am finishing B. has just finished C. have just finished D. just finished E. just have finished
13. I ........................................... positive reviews about that film in the papers so I am going to see it.
A. has read B. have read C. read D. readed E. will read
14. Hi Jane, you _____ sad! What's up?
A. are looking B. is looking C. look D. looks E. will look
15. He …………………………… mineral water every day.
A. are drinking. B. drink C. drinks D. is drinking E. will drink
16. He was late. When he ......................... at the airport, the plane ...................
A. left ... had arrived B. has arrived ... left C. had arrived ... left D. had arrived ... had left E. arrived ...
had already left
17. He ......................................... about everything!
A. always complain B. always complains C. is always complaining D. is complaining E. will always
complain
18. Harry ............... and we ............................ him the news.
A. had woken up/told B. wakes up /told C. was waking up/ told D. woke up told E. woke up were
telling
19. After he .............................painting, he ..........................a shower.
A. finish / have B. has/ finished had C. had finished/ had D. had finished/ had had E. finished/ had
20. ........................................... rugby?
A. Did you ever played B. Do you ever played C. Has you ever played D. Have you ever play E. Have
you ever played
FILL IN WITH THE CORRECT VERB FORM:
1. Hardly had the minister finished his speech when gunshots ---- (storm) the stadium.
2. Everybody will be at the office at about 08:30 tomorrow as the meeting ---- (start) at nine o'clock.
3. That candidate who we had interviewed before we ---- (speak) to all the others is still my favorite.
4. While climbing onto the mountain top, I ---- (encounter) a strange animal which I'd never seen
before.
5. The chairman was sure that his plan would work out fine as no other member ---- (oppose) it up to
that time.
6. I wasn't surprised to hear that Monica ---- (have) an accident as she is a very reckless driver.
7. Since the very first day when the Umbrella Company embarked upon such a dangerous and risky
lab-research, very strange incidents ---- (take place) within the research complex.
8. Urbanization ---- (always / be) a problem which causes several environmental challenges ever since
the rate of migration ---- (increase) after the industrial revolution.
9. When I ---- (come) home this evening, my parents had gone out for a walk.
10. By the time the troops ---- (arrive), the war will have ended.
11. By the year 2020, linguists ---- (study) the Indy-European language family for more than 200
years.
12. Gasoline ---- (become) a major problem for people for the last ten years, therefore, during this time
many people have preferred to sell their cars and buy smaller ones.
13. By the time he was 14, Wolfgang Mozart ---- (compose) an enviable number of musical pieces.
14. Nothing in my life ---- (be) so strong to stop me achieve my goals so far and I don't think anything
will be.
15. Archaeologists ----- (explain) recently that an ancient underground city around Cappadocia has
long wide corridors where there are many special areas for making cheese and wine.
16. I was amazed when he accepted a drink, since I ---- (always / assume) that he was a teetotaler.
17. I ---- (play) tennis tomorrow but I won't be able to do that because I have injured my right ankle.
18. We ---- (visit) the seashore many times before but last summer we enjoyed ourselves more than
ever.
19. According to a survey, thousands of vending machines ---- (have to be converted) before the new
coins have come into circulation.
MULTIPLE CHOICE 2
1. This time tomorrow some of the people in this room __________________ to their home
countries.
A will travel B will travelling C will be travelling D will have travelling
2. Augusto couldn't open the classroom door because one of the other students __________ it
from
3.
4.
5. the inside.
A locked B was locking C has locked D had locked
6. Every day, even when it's raining heavily, Henry ____ for an early morning run before eating
breakfast.
A going B is going C goes D is gone
7. At the moment, _________ an exercise in order to review the English verb tenses that I have
learned.
A I do B I doing C I'm doing D I've done
8. Before people landed on the Moon in 1969, some people ________ that the moon was made
of cheese.
A believed B were believing C have believed D had been believing
9. By Christmas, all of the students in our class __________________ to their countries.
A will return B will have returned C will be returning D will have returning
10. This is Javi's last week at the school so ________________ Goodbye to all his new friends for
the last three days.
A he says B he said C he's said D he's been saying
11. I'm sorry I can't come to your party tomorrow night. __________ dinner with Cristina and
Samara. Maybe I can come along afterwards.
A I will have B I'm having C I have D I will have had
12. So far, during her time at International House Bristol, Tchior ________ to six pancake parties
and fifteen barbecues.
A came B comes C has come D has been coming
13. At six o'clock this morning most of us were asleep in bed. But Atheer ____________ for
today's grammar.
A studied B studies C was studying D has studied
14. This is the second to last question in this set of questions. In two minutes' time
you __________________ and then you will find out your score.
A will finish B will have finished C will be finishing D will have been finishing
15. When Elisabetta _______ for her morning lesson, the teacher was collecting the homework
from the other students.
A arrived B was arriving C had arrived D had been arriving
MULTIPLE CHOICE 3
1. As the sun _____, I decided to go out. A. ? going to see
A. ? shines B. ? have seen
B. ? shine C. ? shall have sheen
C. ? has shone D. ? am seeing
D. ? was shining 7. She walked _____ the road without
2. It's a long journey by train; it's much looking.
_____ by road. A. ? by
A. ? more quickly B. ? across
B. ? quickly C. ? through
C. ? quicker D. ? long
D. ? more quick 8. Has _____?
3. My house is opposite _____ the park. A. ? the post yet come
A. ? of B. ? the post come yet
B. ? from C. ? come the post yet
C. ? to D. ? yet the post came
D. ? --- 9. I don't speak Japanese, but Jenny
4. They _____ married in church last _____.
year. A. ? do
A. ? are B. ? does
B. ? have C. ? speaks
C. ? made D. ? is speaking it
D. ? got 10. "_____ yet?" " Nearly."
5. She loves _____ Hungarian music. A. ? Do you finish
A. ? --- B. ? Did you finish
B. ? a C. ? Have you finished
C. ? the D. ? Are you finishing
D. ? some of 11. We spent _____ day sunbathing.
6. I _____ your uncle tomorrow, so I'll A. ? whole of the
give him your note. B. ? whole
C. ? all the 22. My brother's son is my _____.
D. ? the whole A. ? cousin
12. She said she _____ for five hours. B. ? uncle
A. ? has worked C. ? son-in-law
B. ? worked D. ? nephew
C. ? had been working 23. My uncle arrived while I _____ dinner.
D. ? has been working A. ? cook
13. By the time the police arrived, the B. ? was cooking
thieves _____ the stolen money. C. ? had cooked
A. ? are hiding D. ? would cook
B. ? hide 24. Don't be late _____ your music lesson.
C. ? had hidden A. ? at
D. ? will have hidden B. ? for
14. They never do _____ homework. C. ? on
A. ? they D. ? to
B. ? their 25. How long does it _____ to get to
C. ? they're London?
D. ? there A. ? need
15. It's not raining _____. B. ? take
A. ? more C. ? want
B. ? any more D. ? make
C. ? no more 26. He doesn't like company. He always
D. ? some more works _____.
16. _____ cows are animals. A. ? alone
A. ? The B. ? solo
B. ? Some C. ? only
C. ? A D. ? lonely
D. ? --- 27. "It's a pity you haven't seen that play."
17. Janet is _____. "But I have, I _____ it last week."
A. ? an old my friend A. ? have seen
B. ? an old friend of me B. ? saw
C. ? a my old friend C. ? was seen
D. ? an old friend of mine D. ? had seen
18. _____ books on this shelf were written 28. If you _____ to town tomorrow, will
by Dickens. you do some shopping for me?
A. ? All the A. ? go
B. ? Every B. ? will go
C. ? The all C. ? went
D. ? All D. ? will be going
19. He's _____ intelligent than his sister. 29. I've got a very good _____ with the
A. ? much less BBC.
B. ? not so A. ? profession
C. ? much fewer B. ? job
D. ? lesser C. ? work
20. Can you play _____ piano? D. ? occupation
A. ? on the 30. Yesterday I _____ my son's trousers.
B. ? --- A. ? sew
C. ? a B. ? sawed
D. ? the C. ? sow
21. The whole thing is much simpler D. ? sewed
_____ you think. 31. He won't be late, _____ he?
A. ? than A. ? won't
B. ? as what B. ? will
C. ? --- C. ? isn't
D. ? then D. ? don't
32. I feel _____ after all this typing. 42. He was fined by the police for driving
A. ? terribly bad too _____.
B. ? terribly tired A. ? fastly
C. ? myself terribly tired B. ? speedy
D. ? myself terribly bad C. ? fast
33. When _____ Mr. Jones? D. ? hard
A. ? you did meet 43. The family lost their money on
B. ? did you meet roulette so they're unable to buy
C. ? have you met _____.
D. ? you met A. ? anything
34. Smoking is a bad _____ of yours. B. ? something
A. ? custom C. ? everything
B. ? usage D. ? nothing
C. ? practice 44. We _____ be millionaires one day.
D. ? habit A. ? will has to
35. We have been waiting for you _____. B. ? can be able to
A. ? an hour C. ? could
B. ? since an hour D. ? have had to
C. ? for an hour 45. "Can you lend me a pound?" "_____"
D. ? an hour ago A. ? No, sadly.
36. How long does the train _____ from B. ? Not, sorry.
London to Edinburgh take? C. ? I'm afraid not.
A. ? travel D. ? I afraid no.
B. ? tour 46. The hijackers were arrested and didn't
C. ? voyage know where _____.
D. ? journey A. ? they would take
37. They _____ to the theatre twice so far B. ? will be taken
this month. C. ? they're taken
A. ? were D. ? they were being taken
B. ? have been 47. The policeman warned the
C. ? are going photographer _____ too near.
D. ? are A. ? shouldn't come
38. I can't wait. I'm _____ a hurry. B. ? not to come
A. ? in C. ? don't come
B. ? on D. ? doesn't come
C. ? with 48. A horrible morning was followed by a
D. ? for torrent of rain _____ afternoon.
39. Do you know _____ I met last A. ? on late
Saturday? B. ? in late
A. ? with whom C. ? late in
B. ? that whom D. ? late in the
C. ? --- 49. "What are you doing?" "I _____ to
D. ?S who find my watch."
40. He would be very happy if you _____ A. ? tried
what he asked. B. ? try
A. ? will do C. ? 'm trying
B. ? do D. ? 've tried
C. ? did 50. "How many eggs have we got?"
D. ? have done "_____"
41. Will you do me a favour if _____ you? A. ? Not too many.
A. ? somebody wants it B. ? There aren't some.
B. ? I want C. ? Not too much.
C. ? I ask D. ? They're no in the fridge.
D. ? we all would like 51. "Some sugar?" "_____"
A. ? Yes, please.
B. ? No, I don't. A. ? hurry
C. ? Thanks, I'd like. B. ? go
D. ? No, no me! C. ? come
52. In his spare time he works _____ a D. ? walk
salesman for an insurance company. 57. "How old is she now?" "She _____ in
A. ? as 1905."
B. ? like A. ? born
C. ? at B. ? was born
D. ? out C. ? was burn
53. No matter _____, you must keep D. ? was borne
trying. 58. If you'd written earlier, I'd have known
A. ? how difficult it seems when you _____ to go on holiday.
B. ? however seems it difficult A. ? wanted
C. ? however it seems difficult B. ? will want
D. ? how difficult does it seem C. ? would intend
54. My train arrived at 10:15, which D. ? would want
means: _____. 59. The tourists were looking forward
A. ? fifteen past ten _____ the Tate Gallery.
B. ? fifteen ten A. ? a visit to
C. ? ten fifteen B. ? to visit
D. ? ten past fifteen C. ? to visiting
55. The old general told us stories of how D. ? visiting
he _____. 60. How much longer _____ this
A. ? defeat the enemy dictionary?
B. ? was fighting in the battles of A. ? you need
1944 B. ? will you need
C. ? has fought the Germans C. ? need you
D. ? had won the war alone D. ? have you needed
56. My son is only one and a half years
old but he can already _____.
ROUND UP
Convert the phrases below into reported speech.
B can't
A can you
C red herring
B won't you
C will you
2 Diana ______________ the piano. Sorry, Teacher. I ______________do it yet.
A can play 7
B can to play
A wasn't able to
C eats
B couldn't
C haven't been able to
3 She ______________ come on holiday next month if her8 He ______________ pass the exam if he studied harder.
parents give her permission.
A will be able to
A can't
B Can
B could
C would be able to
C will be able to
4 They ______________ go. The weather was too bad. 9 The fishing boat sank, but luckily all the crew
______________ save themselves.
A couldn't
A were able to
B can't
B could
C wasn't able to
C wasn't able to
5 A: Can you lend me some money? 10 We ______________ go to the party. We're going to a
B: Sorry. I ______________. I haven't got any either. wedding.
A can't A couldn't
B am not able to B won't be able to
C couldn't C will can't
Would/should or ought to/might + have + past participle - Use the verb in brackets to fill the gaps.
1 If I had gone to the sales, I'm sure I ___________________ something. (to buy)
2 Clare was very upset you didn't go to her birthday party. You ___________________ . (to go)
3 No one's answering the phone.They ___________________ out. (to go)
4 The lights are out. They ___________________ to sleep. (to go)
5 We ___________________ Dave to the party if we had known he was in town. (to invite)
6 You ___________________ at Samantha. She'll never forgive you. (to shout-NEGATIVE)
7 I ___________________ to have done some acting when I was younger. (to love)
8 You ___________________ to the pub on Saturday. We had a great time. (to come)
9 She ___________________ her mind. I'm not sure. (to change)
10 You ___________________ so much money on CDs. You'll have problems getting to the end of the month
now. (to spend-NEGATIVE)
Decide which type of modal goes with each sentence and then fill the gaps with have to, must, should or
ought to. When you see NEGATIVE, the modal verb must be in a negative form.
1 If you want to lose weight, you _____________ eat pasta, potatoes, white bread or white rice.
NEGATIVE
2 It's alright. You _____________ come to Muriel's wedding if you don't want to. NEGATIVE
4 I haven't heard from Eleonora for ages. Maybe I _____________ give her a ring.
5 You _____________ remember your passport. Otherwise they won't let you on the plane.
6 The weather forecast says this weekend will be fine. We _____________ go on a picnic.
10 Orange juice in cartons has no goodness in it at all. You _____________ make it yourself.
12 These instructions are difficult to follow. They _____________ explain things better.
1 Jim doesn't have a girlfriend now but he If you go to live in the United Kingdom,
_________________. 6 you_________________ on the left.
A didn't use to
B used to A 'll have to get used to drive
2 People _________________ the Internet yet but in a At first it was difficult for her to speak in French all the
few years time everybody will be surfing around like7 time but she _________________ to it now.
crazy.
3 I _________________ to play football when I was8 After the holidays it takes me a week
young. I'm too old and fat to play now. _________________ up early again.
4 Pepe Juan was in London for a year. He liked England9 The queue in the baker's _________________ to be so
but he _________________ the insipid food and the bad but now it's terrible. It must be that new chapata
miserable weather. bread they bake. It's delicious.
5 I've been getting up early every day for years but I10 Do you mind if I _________________ your phone?
_________________ to it.
A used
A used
B am using
B am still not used
C use
C am already used
B Who
A When
C Where
B What
C Who
2 ___________'s the president of France? ___________ is The Atlantic Ocean?
A Who 7
B Which
A How deep
C Whose
B How much
C How
3 ___________ is your boyfriend? He looks about thirty. 8 Jimmy, you've grown so much. ___________ are you
now?
A How much
A How long
B How old B How much
C How long C How tall
4 Billy: ___________ are you angry with me? I haven't9 Sally: ___________ do you take the dog for a walk?
done anything. Jilly: Oh. Twice a day.
Sally: Exactly.
A With what frequency
A How
B How often
B What
C When
C Why
5 Billy: ___________ is Paris like? 10 ___________ does it take to get from Valencia to
Marie: It's beautiful. Madrid by car?
A How A How many times
Fill the gap using the verb in brackets. Think very carefully about the meaning of the phrase before
deciding whether to use a negative or positive verb form. Use type III – conditional phrase
1
I wouldn't be angry if you _____________________ my chocolate mousse. (to eat)
1 - REGRETS with the PAST PERFECT (the third conditional) e.g. I wish I hadn't got so angry.
2 - WANTING CHANGE FOR THE PRESENT OR FUTURE with the PAST SIMPLE e.g. I wish I
had enough money to go to Mozambique this summer.
3 - COMPLAINTS with WOULD + INFINITIVE e.g. I wish you wouldn't arrive so late all the time.
Regrets
Wanting change
Complaints
7 I wish you ___________________ so much. You're a complete idiot when you're drunk. (drink
NEGATIVE)
8 If only it ___________________ . The garden's as dry as a bone. (rain)
9 I wish Samantha ___________________ her hair more often. It looks so greasy all the time. (wash)
Mixed
10 I wish you ___________________ so horrible to your brother. He's a really nice bloke. (be NEGATIVE)
11 I wish the council ___________________ that beautiful old house. It was part of the town's heritage.
(demolish NEGATIVE)
12 If only I ___________________ the money to go to Jon's wedding in The States. (have)
13 I wish I ___________________ her she'd put on weight. She hates me now. (tell NEGATIVE)
14 I wish you ___________________ to your mother like that. (speak NEGATIVE)
15 If only we ___________________ a Hewlett Packard printer. The cartridges are so expensive. (buy
NEGATIVE)
16 I wish Jorge ___________________ so fast. It's only a matter of time before he kills someone. (drive
NEGATIVE
4 Two people are sitting outside in the garden."We hope you 9 The house is in a terrible mess. We've got workmen in . The
__________ this marvellous weather as much as we are." plumber __________ a new bath and shower.
A enjoy A puts
B enjoyed B put
C are enjoying C is putting in
5 I __________ dinner when suddenly I heard a strange10 I __________ here now for over thirty-five years.
noise. A am living
A was cooking B have been living
B cook C Live
C cooked
Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the past perfect or the past simple tenses.
1 By the time we got to the cinema the film ______________ (to start), so we missed the first five minutes.
2 When I rang the bell there was no answer. The neighbour told me that they ______________ (to go out) about
half an hour ago.
3 I saw Casablanca for the first time last night. I ______________ (to see NEGATIVE) it before.
6 There was so much to see in Toledo. I wanted to see everything but I ______________ (to have NEGATIVE)
enough time.
10 If you ______________ (to not park) there, you wouldn't have got a parking fine.
11 They found the body on a building site. It ______________ (to mutilate "in the passive!").
13 When he arrived, Eve wasn't there. She ______________ (to leave) about five minutes before.
14 When we arrived back in Spain, they ______________ (to lose) our luggage. We only had to wait two days to
get it back though, and they delivered it to the house.
15 When I ______________ (to get back), nobody had done the washing up. I was furious.
Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the present perfect or the past simple tenses.
B Fill the gaps with remember and remind in the correct form, using the model sentences to help
you.
Fill the gaps with beat, earn and win in the correct form.
1. Did our teacher provide __________ for us? 6. The weather today is even _______ than
yesterday.
much handout
many handout bad
many handouts badder
worse
2. The school's problems _____ various.
7. I haven't been to London _______ three years.
was
were for
is since
while
3. All my friends live _____ North Lincoln Street.
8. If you need the car in the afternoon, I ______
shopping in the morning.
in
on go
at would go
will go
4. I'm new to this job. What exactly ________ do?
9. Before I (go) _____ to London, I (not / enjoy)
________ learning English.
I have to
do I have to go - have not enjoyed
I had to went - have not enjoyed
went - had not enjoyed
5. If she _______ about his financial situation, she
would have helped him out. 10. On the Roman Emperor visit, the Roman
soldiers (tell) ______ him that Pictish tribes from
had known Britain's north (attack) _______ them.
knew
have known told - had attacked
tell - had attacked
told - have attaked
1. Juan___________ in the library this morning. 4. Eli's hobbies include jogging, swimming, and
A. is study __________.
B. studying A. to climb mountains
C. is studying B. climb mountains
D. are studying C. to climb
D. climbing mountains
2. Alicia, __________ the windows please. It's too hot in
here. 5. Mr. Hawkins requests that someone _________ the
A. opens data by fax immediately.
B. open A. sent
C. opened B. sends
D. will opened C. send
D. to send
3. The movie was __________ the book. 6. Who is ____________ , Marina or Sachiko?
A. as A. tallest
B. as good B. tall
C. good as C. taller
D. as good as D. the tallest
7. The concert will begin ________ fifteen minutes.
A. in
B. on 12. Cheryl likes apples, _________ she does not like
C. with oranges.
D. about A. so
8. I have only a ________ Christmas cards left to write. B. for
A. few C. but
B. fewer D. or
C. less 13. You were ____________ the New York office before
D. little 2 p.m.
9. Each of the Olympic athletes ____________ for A. suppose call
months, even years. B. supposed to call
A. have been training C. supposed calling
B. were training D. supposed call
C. has been training
D. been training 14. When I graduate from college next June, I
10. Maria __________ never late for work. _____________ a student here for five years.
A. am A. will have been
B. are B. have been
C. were C. has been
D. is D. will have
11. The company will upgrade _________ computer
information systems next month. 15. Ms. Guth _________ rather not invest that money in
A. there the stock market.
B. their A. has to
C. it's B. could
D. its C. would
D. must
Part II: English Grammar - Select the one underlined word or phrase that is incorrect.
Gap fill-in
Speaking already
Q1 Can you hear what he is .......? (a) saying (b) speaking (c) telling (d) talking
Q2 She hasn't come home ........ (a) still (b) already (c) yet (d) till
Q3 I ....... TV yesterday evening. (a) saw (b) looked (c) viewed (d) watched
Q4 We live ....... the city centre. (a) near (b) next (c) by (d) nearby
Q5 She looks ....... a famous film star. (a) as (b) like (c) similar (d) same
Q6 This television gives you the ....... news. (a) last (b) latest (c) least (d) later
Q7 I only ....... one mistake in last night's test. (a) made (b) done (c) did (d) make
Q8 I want you to tell me the ....... truth. (a) all (b) exact (c) real (d) whole
Q9 He is looking ....... a present to buy his girlfriend. (a) for (b) at (c) in (d) on
Q10 That's what I would like ....... Christmas. (a) for (b) at (c) in (d) on
Q7 In this business you cannot afford to make any mistake and must be seen to be lily ........ (a) red (b)
blue (c) white (d) green
Q8 As they turned round and ran away, people thought they were ........ (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d)
yellow
Q9 Ask her to help you with your calculations because she's ....... hot at mathematics. (a) red (b) blue
(c) white (d) black
Q10 I know he doesn't like you because the moment you came in the room I saw him give you a .......
look. (a) red (b) blue (c) white (d) black
Newspaper Headlines
Q1 Some people only read the ....... lines in a newspaper. (a) top (b) big (c) main (d) head
Q2 You should always check the sell ....... date of things you buy in the supermarket. (a) in (b) through
(c) by (d) off
Q3 When the building was completed, all the workers were paid ........ (a) off (b) through (c) out (d)
over
Q4 The boss was good enough to ....... my mistake. (a) oversee (b) overtake (c) overdo (d) overlook
Q5 It is always ....... when you misunderstand the customs of other countries. (a) embarrassing (b)
peculiar (c) singular (d) attitude
Q6 Newspapers are ....... to people's doors every day. (a) taken (b) distributed (c) delivered (d) handed
Q7 In her speech she expressed her ....... for all the help she had been given. (a) thankfulness (b)
gratitude (c) gratefulness (d) thanking
Q8 In ....... nothing much happened at the meeting. (a) quick (b) briefly (c) short (d) shortly
Q9 At the end of the speech the whole assembly gave the speakers a standing ........ (a) ovation (b)
applause (c) cheering (d) support
Q10 Politicians pretend to ignore opinion ........ (a) votes (b) figures (c) numbers (d) polls
'Key' Word Transformation
1) Comparative/Superlative Structures like so/such .., er/as ... as or too/enough often appear in
this exercise.
For Questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and
five words.
2) Passive/Active
1. The examiner tells candidates the regulations at the beginning of the exam.
TOLD
At the beginning of the exam candidates .................................... the regulations.
2. Did we send that letter to Mr Thomas?
WAS
Do you know if ........................................ to Mr Thomas?
3. We haven't arranged a date for the wedding yet.
BEEN
A date for the wedding .............................................. yet.
4. They will have given him the news by now.
TOLD
He .............................................. the news by now.
5. Experts estimate that most people now have access to the Internet.
IS
.................................................. most people now have access to the Internet.
6. The garage on the corner usually repairs my car.
HAVE
I ................................................... by the garage on the corner.
7. Steve definitely didn't write that essay.
WRITTEN
That essay ..................................................... by Steve.
8. The police have cancelled the demonstration.
HAS
The demonstration ....................................................... by the police.
4) Auxiliary Verbs
1. I went to the office then remembered it was my day off.
HAVE
I ............................................... to the office as it was my day off.
2. Perhaps we missed the correct turning.
MIGHT
We ............................................... the correct turning.
3. I'm afraid you can't smoke in here.
ALLOWED
You ............................................... in here.
4. They will expect you to wear a suit for the interview.
HAVE
You ................................................ a suit for the interview.
5. I'd see a doctor if I were you.
OUGHT
You .................................................. a doctor.
6. He couldn't swim until he was in his twenties.
ABLE
He ................................................. until he was in his twenties.
7. We got a table at the restaurant without a reservation.
NEED
We ................................................ book a table at the restaurant.
8. You were expected to answer all the questions on the exam paper.
ANSWERED
You ............................................... all the questions on the examination paper.
5) Conditionals
1. I only told you because I thought you would be interested.
TOLD
I ................................................. you if I thought you weren't interested.
2. I won't organise the party unless you arrange the food.
LONG
I'll organise the party ....................................................... arrange the food.
3. I think it would be a good idea to speak to the manager first.
WERE
If ......................................................... speak to the manager first.
4. If you do the washing up I'll make the coffee.
PROVIDED
I'll make the coffee .......................................................... the washing up.
5. You’re tired because you keep staying up late.
WERE
If ............................................................. to bed earlier, you wouldn't be so tired.
6. You never enter competitions so you'll never win anything.
MIGHT
If you entered competions ...................................................... something.
7. The reason I haven't got much money is because they didn't give me promotion.
POOR
If they had given me promotion I ............................................................... now.
6) 'Unreal' Pasts
1. I'd love to know how John is getting on.
KNEW
I ................................................. how John was getting on.
2. You should take an umbrella with you.
BETTER
You ................................................ an umbrella with you.
3. I think taxes should be increased.
TIME
It .................................................. increased
4. He behaves like the President of the company.
THOUGH
He acts ....................................................... the President of the company.
5. I regret not inviting Cathy to the party.
ONLY
If ................................................... Cathy
6. I'd prefer you to get home early tonight.
RATHER
I .................................................... home early tonight.
7. It's a pity the car is so expensive.
WISH
I .................................................... so expensive.
8. It will be better for you to come alone.
SOONER
I would ...................................................... on your own.
7) Verb Patterns
1. It's really important that you pay the bill today.
REMEMBER
You must ................................................ the bill today.
2. I think it would be a good idea if you joined the beginner's class.
SUGGEST
I .................................................... the beginners class.
3. Meeting John in town was really surprising.
EXPECT
I ..................................................... John in town.
4. In the future she became a successful business woman.
WENT
She ................................................... a successful business woman.
5. I'll help you with your homework.
MIND
I ...................................................... you with your homework.
6. I hated driving on the left at first but now it's OK.
USED
I ....................................................... on the left now.
7. Don't bother to apply for the job.
POINT
There ......................................................... for the job.
8. Were you successful in passing the exam?
MANAGE
Did ............................................................ the exam?
8 Phrasal Verbs
9) Practice
1. (Passive + phrasal verb)
Thieves have burgled our house.
INTO
Our house .................................................
2. (Passive + change from adjective to noun)
Businesses are said to be worried about interest rates.
CONCERN
There ................................................ amongst businesses about interest rates.
3. (Reported speech + verb change)
'I don't share your views on capital punishment' he said.
AGREE
He told me ................................................ my views on capital punishment.
4. (Passive to active + phrasal verb)
Loans must be repayed in full.
BACK
You ......................................................... all the money.
5. (Preposition x 2)
There have been more redundancies this year than before.
NUMBER
There has been a rise ........................................................... redundancies this year.
6. (Noun to verb + verb change)
I'm sorry but you must not smoke here.
FORBIDDEN
I'm afraid ..... here.
7. (Verb change + verb form)
I don't think it's a good idea to get married too early.
IN
I don't ............................................... too early.
8. (Verb change + verb form)
Did you manage to convince him?
IN
Did you .................................................... him?
ASSIGNMENT
For the questions given, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five
words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example:
0 They published this book in England.
came
This book …..came from…. England.
1.- Can you understand what this paper means?
sense
Can you …………………………… this paper?
2.- It wasn’t necessary to meet me at the airport yesterday.
needn’t
You ……………………… me at the airport yesterday.
3.-It was unkind of you to talk to her like that.
not
You ……………………………… to her like that.
4.-I saw the film although I strongly dislike thrillers.
spite
I saw the film in …………………… of thrillers.
5.-It’s not possible to play tennis because of the rain.
makes
The rain ………………………………. to play tennis.
6.-I’ve never tasted such good food before.
ever
It is the ………………….. tasted.
7.-Do your parents allow you to watch TV late at night?
let
Do your parents ……………………. TV late at night?
8.-“Did you write a note for Anna?” I asked my mother.
she
I asked my mother ………………………. a note for Anna.
9.-He gave me the money first, and then he left.
after
He left …………………………………….. the money.
10.-I don’t find it difficult to get up early any more.
used
I ………………………………………. up early.
11 He really likes correcting her English.
pleasure
He ……………………….. correcting her English.
12 It’s not necessary to take a lot of luggage when going on holiday.
much
You ……………………… luggage when going on holiday.
13 Perhaps he hasn’t received the doctor’s results yet.
may
He …………………….. the doctor’s results yet.
14 All I want you to do is to look after my dog.
care
All I want you to do is to ………………….. my dog.
15 She was not certain about the trip.
decide
She …………………………….. about the trip.
16 He locked the gate so that the dog wouldn’t escape.
prevent
He locked the gate …………………….. escaping.
17 They did not like to pay extra taxes.
objected
They ……………………………………………. extra taxes.
18 The day was so nice that we went on a picnic.
such
It was ………………………. that we went on a picnic.
19 The only person I didn’t see was Jane.
except
I …………………………………………….. Jane.
20 She decided to visit her friend and tell her the news.
drop
She decided to ………………… her friend and tell her the news.
21 We have to reduce our expenses.
cut
We have to ………………………………………….. our expenses.
22 “Can you please explain this to me?” she asked the teacher.
if
She asked the teacher …………………………………… to her.
23 Perhaps he’s working late.
may
He ………………………………………. late.
24 Nobody ever told me about it.
never
I ………………………………………………. about it.
25 “I’ll pick him up from the airport,” she said.
offered
She …………………….. from the airport.
26 I was so shocked that I couldn’t react.
wasn’t
I …………………………………………………………………… react.
27 People say Greek is a difficult language to learn.
said
Greek …………………………. difficult language to learn.
28 The police have investigated the crime.
by
The crime ………………………………………………………… the police.
29 Without your help, I would never have managed.
you
If ………………………………………. , I would never have managed.
30 The manager made the employees stay late.
made
The employees …………………………… by the manager.
31 He knows everything about flowers.
expert
He ……………………………… flowers.
32 If you are not old enough you cannot watch certain films.
age
If you ……………………………….. you cannot watch certain films.
33 I regret that I gave him the money.
lent
If only …………………………………………. him the money.
34 It was such a boring movie that we left.
so
The movie ………………………………………….. that we left.
35 People say that the pyramids are worth visiting.
supposed
The pyramids ………………………………………. worth visiting.
36 John cannot possibly borrow the car tonight.
question
It’s …………………………… for John to borrow the car tonight.
37 Could I continue what I was doing?
get
Could I …………………………… what I was doing?
38 Mary is slower at doing things than Jill.
fast
Mary is …………………………….. Jill at doing things.
39 I can’t make up my mind about the colour.
decide
I …………………………………….. the colour.
40 There are times when you have to do things by yourself.
own
There are times when you have to do things ……………….
41 You were late, so you missed the match.
wouldn’t
If you hadn’t ……………………………………….. missed the match.
42 I am sorry I forgot your birthday.
wish
I ………………………………………………. your birthday.
43 The burglar managed to escape without punishment.
get
The burglar managed to ……………. punishment.
44 He failed the test because he did not study enough.
attributed
His failure in the test ………………….. not studying enough.
45 I wonder if you can lend me something to wear tonight.
mind
Would ………………….. something to wear tonight?
46 We can’t decide where to go on holidays.
decision
We can’t ……………………. where to go on holidays.
47 Can you take me to the station by car?
give
Can you …………………………………. to the station?
48 You will miss the bus if you don’t hurry up.
unless
You will miss the bus ……………………………………………………….
49 It is likely that they have already left.
may
They …………………….. left.
50 How much is the bus fare from London to Cambridge?
cost
How much ………………. from London to Cambridge by bus?
51 Sally has not come to school because she has been sick.
absent
Sally …………………………. school because she has been sick.
52 It is often difficult to find an answer to a problem.
solution
Finding ……………………………… a problem is often difficult.
53 I was lucky you let me stay with you for the night.
put
I was lucky you …………………………………. for the night.
54 I advised him to stop smoking.
suggested
I …………………………….. stop smoking.
55 They are going to do up my room.
have
I’m going ……………………………. decorated.
56 Jane doesn’t often see Mike.
seldom
Jane ……………………………. Mike.
57 I can understand this quite well
easy
It’s ……………………………………….. understand this.
58 My mother doesn’t like us to stay out late.
approve
My mother doesn’t ……………………………… out late.
59 Mary is employed by IBM, isn’t she?
works
Mary ……………………………………… she?
60 They could not understand what she said.
difficulty
They ……………………………………. what she said.
OPEN CLOZE
Beijing
Beijing is China's centre for politics, education, culture and trade. It's situated ______ northern China,
close to the port city of Tianjin. It has ______ancient past, but also boasts a wealth of modern
developments, and is ______ of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. About 145 million
tourists visit Beijing ______ year. Beijing has ______ the capital of China ______ over 850 years,
but ______ history dates back more than 3000 years. Beijing is also known ______ "Peking".
Beijing's ______ famous attraction is the Great Wall. As the saying ______ , one who fails to reach the
Great Wall is not a true hero. The Great Wall of China is a series ______ stone and earthen
fortifications ______ was built and rebuilt between the 5th-16th centuries BC. It ______ constructed
to protect the northern borders from attacks by the Xiongnu, ______ various successive dynasties.
______ the centre of Beijing you will find the Forbidden City. Home to the emperors of the Ming and
Qing dynasties, the Forbidden City houses the largest palace complex in the world. It also contains the
Palace Museum with imperial collections of Chinese art.
The city has hosted many internationally acclaimed sporting events. In 2008, the summer Olympics
and Paralympics ______ held in Beijing. Other competitions include figure skating, badminton,
snooker and marathons.
In the early 21st century, Beijing ______ witnessed enormous growth, ______ the construction of new
buildings showcasing various contemporary styles from international designers. A mixture of both
traditional and modern styles of architecture can ______ seen at the 798 Art Zone.
Education in England
In England, the education system is separated ________ four different types. "Early years" education
is for children aged 3-4. From 4-11 years, children________ in "primary" education and from 11-18
they are in "secondary education". "Tertiary" education is ________ anyone over the age of eighteen.
This is also sometimes called "higher" education. Full time education is compulsory ________ the
ages of 5-17, and the school leaving age________ increased to 18 years in the year 2015.
The state pays for children's education during the compulsory period, but fees need to be ________ for
early years schooling and higher education. The education system is organised by the Department for
Education. In each city or town, local education authorities (LEAs) are
responsible ________ implementing the government's policy ________ education, curriculum and
education spending.
In England, most undergraduate degree courses ________ for three years, (although when the subject
is a language, the course often includes ________ extra year spent abroad). Tuition fees for English
universities are around £9000 ________ academic year for students from the EU. Non-EU students
can expect to pay considerably more.
There ________ a lot of debate and criticism in the UK at the moment regarding the education system.
Many people think that education standards ________ fallen for many years, and that the government
makes ________ many changes to the system. Schools are required to show that their students' results
improve every year, ________ is unrealistic. ________ order to achieve this, exams have become
easier each year, so that the results appear to have improved where actually they have not. In a recent
survey, it________ found that around 50% of universities ________ not believe that the A grades that
are now awarded ________ secondary schools prove that the students are of a high ________ standard
to begin a degree course. Several universities now ask applicants to________ an entrance exam in
addition to their school exams.
Glass Blowing
The art _____ blowing glass goes back many thousands of years. The earliest evidence we have
dates _____ to the 1st century BC, _____ several broken fragments of glass were found in a pile of
trash outside a glass shop in the Old City of Jerusalem._____ most glass is now produced in factories,
glass-blowers can still be found across the globe, still using the traditional techniques that they have
used for centuries.
The glass-blower works _____ a bench, where he sits to work and keeps his tools within _____ reach.
Glass-blowers use a furnace which has three chambers _____ are different temperatures. The first
(hottest) chamber is used to create the glass, and its temperature is around 1,320°C. The second
chamber is sometimes called "the glory hole", and this reduces the glass to _____ cooler temperature
so that the glass-blower can work it into the shapes he wants. The final chamber is _____ coldest one,
and is used to slowly cool the glass down, sometimes for several days. Cooling the glass slowly
prevents it _____ cracking.
The artisan uses a blowpipe, which is first pre-heated, _____ dipped into molten glass. The glass on
the blowpipe is then rolled over a flat slab, made of marble or steel. Then air is blown _____ the glass,
making a bubble. The glass-blower can then shape the bubble, add more glass onto it, and apply
patterns and colours. An example of an advanced glass-blowing technique is the "reticello", in which
the glass-blower uses two glass bubbles which are twisted in different directions, and then
joined _____.
The Great Fire of London
On the night of Sunday September 2nd 1666 a terrible fire started _______ the most ancient part of
England's capital, London. At _______ bakery of Thomas Farriner on Pudding Lane, the fire
broke _______ in the middle of the night, and was fanned_______ winds on to nearby buildings, most
of _______ were wooden structures. Houses in the area were built very close together, making it
easy _______ the flames to leap across into neighbouring buildings. By the following morning the fire
had spread northwards at a terrifying speed and _______ destroyed much of the medieval part of the
city. The mayor, Sir Thomas Bloodworth, acted slowly. Unsure_______ the best action to take, he took
none, and the fire swept across the city destroying everything in _______ path. Londoners panicked,
and there was much violence and rioting in the streets, _______ the locals suspected that foreigners
may _______ started the fire deliberately. The fire burned across the city _______ three days. On the
5th September, the winds died _______ and it became easier to tackle the fire.
It _______ thought that more _______ 13 thousand houses were burnt down, as well _______ 87
churches. Saint Paul's Cathedral was devastated. At the time, surprisingly, only six
people _______ confirmed dead. Modern historians think that several hundreds more might have died
however, but detailed census records were not kept for poor people _______ in the 17th century.
After such enormous destruction in the economic and social capital of the country, it
is _______ surprising that it took a long time for London to recover from the Great Fire. A large part
of the town had to _______ rebuilt of course, and several radical proposals were put _______. In the
end though, the city was rebuilt on more or _______ the same street plan that had been used before the
Great Fire.
Read through the whole text first to get an idea of what this multiple choice cloze exercise is about
Choose the best word (a, b, c or d) to complete each gap.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Snow White _________ in children's fairy tales across
acts appears shows reads
the whole of Europe.
The most famous version of the Snow White tale is that
written by the Brothers Grimm, a pair of German
academics who published books on folklore in the early into onto to on
19th century, and which was made _________ an
animated movie by Disney in 1937.
Snow White's appearance is very distinctive - she has jet wearing getting have on dressed
black hair, full ruby-red lips and skin as white as snow. dressed
She is always _________ in blue, with a long yellow
skirt with red and blue striped sleeves, and a white
collar. She wears a red bow in her hair.
She is a sweet and innocent young girl, but is also a
motherly mother motherish mothersome
kind, _________ character.
Disney's Snow White was drawn by Hamilton Luske,
intended able wanted interested
and was _________ to be as life-like as possible.
A pioneering film technique of the time was the use of
live-action footage as a reference point for the
animators. Marjorie Celeste Belcher, a young dancer, according related copied based
provided the motions as a live-action model, then the
animation was drawn_________ on her moves.
The end result was a very _________ animation. perfect amazing convincing spectacular
The girl who provided Snow White's voice in the 1937
production was hired almost by _________, as she was
overheard singing during an assistant's telephone call. purpose accident luck fate
Adriana Cazelotti received only $970 for providing the
silky voice of Snow White.
Disney earned $8 million from the
original _________ of Snow White and the Seven releasing released releasement release
Dwarves.
It has remained popular over the decades, and has been
seeing regarding watching viewing
digitally remastered for home _________ on DVD.
Spin-offs include a Snow White Theme Park, a video
game and a Broadway musical, as well numerous numberous numerical numbering
as _________ toys, games and other branded products.
In this exercise, one word has been removed from each line of the text. The root of the word is given in
capital letters at the end of each line. Change the root word into the correct form to complete each
line. Read the whole text first so that you know what it's about.
In the Central American country of Panama there is a canal which connects the Atlantic
BUILD
and Pacific Oceans - the Panama Canal.________
a canal to link these two bodies of water was first attempted in the late 19th century by
SUCCESS
French engineers. They did not ________
because they ________ how difficult the project would be to complete. The conditions
ESTIMATE
were terrible - for example, the mountains in
the area were very ________. When the construction workers tried to cut into the
SAFE
mountainside, they caused fatal landslides. Also, the land was
frequently soaked with ________ tropical rains, and malaria from the huge number of
TORRENT
mosquitoes in the countryside was a constant threat. It
is ________ that around 22,000 people, mostly men, lost their lives during the French
THINK
attempt to build the canal, and eventually after about
eight years of struggle, the ________ company went bankrupt. In the early 20th
CONSTRUCT
century, America bought the contract to continue
the ________ of the canal, and it was finally finished in 1914. The total cost to America
DEVELOP
was around $375,000,000 (which is about
$8,600,000,000 today). The canal is extremely busy all year round. Nearly a million
ANNUAL
ships navigate through the canal ________. Using
the canal cuts ________ 15,000 km off a journey, compared with going the long way
APPROXIMATE
round, (around South America).
One of the most famous skyscrapers in New Zealand is The Vero Centre, situated in
CONSTRUCT
Auckland and constructed in
the year 2000. Inside the building you can find a health club and gym, shops and other
INCLUDE
retail outlets, ________
32 stories of offices. The Vero Centre is not only one of New
TALL
Zealand’s ________ structures, but also one of its most
technologically and ecologically advanced. It is located in Auckland's
PRESTIGE
most ________ legal and financial street but
is also only a short distance away from the heart of the city centre. Despite its
HIGH
immense ________, the tower is
regarded as having had a positive effect on the ________ of eastern Auckland. Before
GENERATE
the tower's construction,
the area had mostly consisted of low quality or aesthetically________ buildings, such
PLEASE
as low-grade student housing,
________ warehouses and run-down shops. The local government offered the designers
INDUSTRY
incentives to build the tower.
In exchange for ________ to exhibit local art-work in the public lobby, for example, the
AGREE
developers were granted
permission to build on a ________ area than would normally have been allowed. Not
LARGE
everybody agreed with this strategy,
however. The building has received ________ awards for energy efficiency, design and
NUMBER
construction. Experts claim
that it uses ________ 10% less energy than the average council building in New
APPROXIMATE
Zealand.
LANGUAGE PRACTICE
VOCABULARY TEST
1 Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in capitals.
0 Make sure you walk on the footpath , because the road is dangerous.
1 Turn left at the next round________________.
2 My time________________ this year is quite good – I’ve got nothing on Friday afternoon.
3 I’d prefer to stay in a hotel with holiday________________ , rather than business people.
4 Has anyone got an aspirin? I’ve got a terrible head________________ .
5 It’s cold outside, I think you’ll need an over________________ .
6 To get into London from Heathrow airport just take the Under_____________ .
7 You don’t need to clean the plates yourself, we have a dish________________ .
8 It’s a lovely day. Let’s eat our lunch out________________ in the park.
4 Choose the word on the right that best matches the descriptions.
6 Complete each sentence with a word from the box. One of the words is used twice.
0 the general activity of moving from place to place (uncountable noun) travel
1 going from one place to another, usually over a long distance or long time ________________
2 going to a place, staying there, and coming back again ________________
3 a circular journey during which you visit several places ________________
4 a holiday on a large ship ________________
5 a long journey by sea or in space ________________
b Now complete each sentence with a word from the same box.
8 The words in italics are in the wrong sentences. Find the best word for each sentence.
0 We weren’t sure what to order for lunch, so we asked for the whistle. menu
1 There are no cars in the city centre – it’s a traffic-free menu. ________________
2 If you can’t afford a hotel, why not stay in a youth crossing? ________________
3 The morning rush tyre lasts from seven until half past nine. ________________
4 We can’t drive to Italy in one day. We’ll need to make an overnight hour. ________________
5 Sorry I’m late. I was stuck in a traffic zone. ________________
6 It’s safer to walk along the road a bit and use the pedestrian hostel. ________________
7 I had to push my bike all the way up the hill. I got a flat stop. ________________
8 The players must stop when they hear the referee’s jam. ________________
Hi James
We’re on holiday at the moment and we’ve brought our (0) B with us. It’s small but quite comfortable. We’re
(1) ______ in France for two weeks, right in the middle of the French (2) ______ . There’s some wonderful (3)
______ around here. There’s even a small (4) ______ where I can (5) ______ fishing. The place has certainly
(6) ______ up to our expectations.
Actually, we’re lucky to be here as a car (7) ______ into a lorry in front of us on the motorway in England and
we nearly (8) ______ the boat. Sarah was ill for a short while and I had to go to the (9) ______ in the nearest
village to get her some aspirin. She seems to have got (10) ______ her illness now, but I had to make all the
(11) ______ for a couple of days. As you know, I’m not the best (12) ______ in the world and while I was (13)
______ some bacon the pan was set (14) ______ fire. Luckily, we had a fire (15) ______ with us and it soon
brought the fire under control.
Dominic
5 A do B go C make D take
14 A in B from C on D over
10 Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in capitals.
0 Look! It’s not working because the plug isn’t in the j . a) battery
1 My shirt got very creased in the suitcase. I need an ___ . b) bulb
2 If the shelf is coming off the wall, try to tighten the ___ . c) glue
3 Hang your coat over there on that ___ . d) hook
4 When a lamp suddenly goes out, we need to change the ___ . e) iron
5 If you need to climb onto the roof, use a ___ . f) ladder
6 If you get lost in the forest, use your ___ . g) lock
7 This key doesn’t work. They must have changed the ___ . h) razor
8 To stop the alarm working, the burglars cut the ___ . i) screw
9 In case of punctures, cars always carry a spare ___ . j) socket
10 I need to have a shave, but I haven’t got a ___ . l) compass
11 My mobile phone isn’t working. I need to recharge the ___ . l) tyre
12 The envelope won’t stick down properly. I need some ___ . m) wire
III. Paraphrase the following into complex sentences with subordinate clauses of condition.
1. Come and stay with us for a week or there about. We should be only too glad!
2. I recognised you at once, for your brother described you to me.
5. The garden doesn’t look beautiful because the trees are bare.
9. Mr. Smith modernised his factory years ago, and now he is rich.
10. He doesn’t know her address or he will write to her, I’m sure.
V. Choose the correct conditional form to complete the sentences below. Once you have decided
on your answer, click on the arrow to check your answer.
1. If I … (stay) in Barlinek, I would have found a new girlfriend.
8. Bożena comes to work 30 minutes late if her child … (miss) the bus to school.
11. If they … (know) all the facts, they would have found the defendant guilty.
CONDITIONALS II
Q1 - If I ...... you, I would tell him straightaway had been
were were
am
Q7 - Provided you ........ there half an hour before it
Q2 - If you ...... yellow and blue, you get green starts, you'll get straight in
will mix will get
mix get
Q3 - If I .........., I would never have done it Q8 - Unless you ....... drinking, you'll have serious
knew health problems
had known will stop
stop
Q4 - Unless you ...... things easy, you'll get ill
take Q9 - If you see him, ......... him to call me?
don't take will you ask
would you have asked
Q5 - ........, I'd have come immediately
Were I to know Q10 - ........ her help, I'd have been in real trouble
Had I known But for
If only
Q6 - If I ...... you, I would never have done that
Q11 - ........, what would you ask her? would
Had you seen her will
Were you to see her
Q25 - What would you do if the police ......... you?
Q12 - If I ........., I'd have done it myself arrested
were there arrest
had been there
Q26 - Provided you ......... the application forms,
Q13 - ........., you'll miss your flight you should get the loan straightaway
If you hurry will complete
Unless you hurry complete
Q14 - ....... there, will you ask him to call me? Q27 - I ......... there if I'd known about it
If he will be would never have gone
Should he be would never go
Q15 - Suppose there ......... a problem, what would Q28 - She ............. so worried about the operation
you have been able to do? if the doctor had explained things better
had been wouldn't have been
was wouldn't be
Q16 - If the weather holds, I ........ play golf this Q29 - ......... there, you could have helped me
afternoon Unless you had been
will Had you been
would
Q30 - If I ...... in your shoes, I'd be very worried
Q17 - If I ........, I'll do it this evening indeed
could would be
can were
Q18 - Come on Friday if you ....... Q31 - If he ........ earlier, many lives wouldn't have
will be able to been ruined
can had been caught
was caught
Q19 - ........ you retire if you won the lottery?
Would Q32 - What ........... if you had seen an accident on
Will your way here?
would you have done
Q20 - If she ..... there, will you give her a message would you do
for me?
is Q33 - If the ambulance had arrived sooner,
will be they ......... her life
had saved
Q21 - What ........ do if you were in my position? might have saved
will you
would you Q34 - How ...... you cope if you lost your job?
will
Q22 - You'll be very ill ....... smoking would
if you stop
unless you stop Q35 - If he tries, he ........ do well
might
Q23 - He ....... be able to see you if you get there would
before nine o'clock
would Q36 - If you'd told me earlier, I ....... to help you the
might other day
might be able
Q24 - Provided you work hard, you ....... pass the might have been able
exam without any difficulty
Q37 - If I had my life over again, I ...... to ought
university to study history should
would have gone
would go Q39 - I ......... better than to have trusted them
should have known
Q38 - If he's there, you ...... to tell him what should know
happened
Q2 - He asked us ____ show our passports. Q12 - She promised she _____ do it by the end of
if the week and then let me down.
to will
for would
Either could be used here.
Q3 - She asked us if we ____ finished the work on
Monday. Q13 - She said it _____ raining when she got here.
have already started
had had already started
Either could be used here. Either could be used here.
Q4 - She asked us ____ on time. Q14 - She explained how ______ do it.
to be to
for being I should
Either could be used here.
Q5 - She asked if she ____ leave early.
can Q15 - He said he _____ her before.
could didn't meet
hadn't met
Q6 - They asked me _____ going to the party.
Either could be used here.
that I was
if I was
GAP FILL-IN I
Q7 - He told me ____ my father.
phone
to phone
Q1 - I ...... to him for the past month
Q8 - She said that no one _____ to the meeting last didn't speak
week. haven't spoken
has come
had come Q2 - Professionals ....... as doctors and lawyers
Like
Q9 - She told me ____ she wasn't going to come. Such
that
--- Q3 - The dog's ..... the field
Either could be used here. in
at
Q10 - He asked me what I _____ if I failed to get
the job. Q4 - Professionals ....... doctors and lawyers
Like where
Such which
Q5 - The doctor, ..... saw me in the afternoon Q19 - The house in ..... I was born
who where
that which
Q7 - Something ...... to be done about it Q21 - It didn't bother me ..... the least
ought at
should in
Q10 - The ..... film I've ever seen Q24 - She took it ...... her bag
worse from
worst out
Q11 - The worst play I've ..... seen Q25 - She took it ...... of her bag
ever from
never out
Q13 - Something ...... be done about it Q27 - It was ...... hot that I couldn't drink it
ought so
should too
Q14 - We ..... better be off now Q28 - It was ...... hot to touch
had too
would so
Q15 - It's about a journey up ..... Q29 - It was ..... a nice day
the Amazon so
Amazon such
Q16 - We stayed at ....... Hotel Q30 - The weather was ..... nice
Grand so
The Grand such
Q17 - The house ..... I was born Q31 - It all happened ..... quickly
where so
which such
TIME CLAUSES
Complete these sentences with if, unless, when, as soon as or until.
1. We’ll never get there on time __________ Sedef gets ready quickly.
2. I’m so excited. I’m going to get my skis on _________ we get there!
3. I’d take that job _________ the salary was better.
4. I’ll take driving lessons ________ I’ve finished school. I’m not in a hurry.
5. I can’t go to the office ________ I’ve found my car keys!
6. Alex won’t get a birthday present from me __________ I go shopping today. His birthday is
tomorrow.
7. We won’t be able to buy a new car _________ we’ve saved enough money.
8. I have to take the pasta out of the water __________ it’s cooked, or it gets too soft and sticky.
9. We’d go and visit them more often _________ getting there was cheaper.
10. I’d buy myself an up-to-date iPhone __________ I had a really good job.
Complete the sentences with the verb either in future or present tense, using contractions
when possible.
II. Complete the jokes by putting the verbs in brackets in the correct passive:
1. A teacher asked her class to write an essay about a football match. A minute later all the students
were writing except one boy. The teacher looked at his paper. It said, “The game
………………….. (stop) in the first minute by rain.”
2. “Why …………..the tennis player ………….(give) a cigarette lighter at the end of the
competition?”
“I don’t know”
“Because he had lost all his matches”
3. “Mum, do all fairy tales begin with <Once upon a time>?”
“No, darling. Some start with : < Sorry I’m so late, darling, I ……………… (detain) at the
office>”
III. Complete these jokes by putting the verbs given in the correct perfect passive form:
1. I must admit that we have serious problems but now we work/are working hard to solve them.
2. Millions of commuters rely/are relying on the railways to get to work in the morning.
3. To be honest, the service is so bad that, until it improves, I drive/am driving to work.
4. Ladies and gentlemen, the train approaches/is approaching King's Cross station, where this service
terminates/is terminating.
5. Do you often go/are going to work by bike?
VII. Complete the jokes by using the right form of the suitable verb from the following: chew,
drown, look, tell, eat
VIII. Complete these sentences with used to or use to and the correct form of the verb in
brackets.
1. At first I found it difficult to wake up so early, but now I…………………………(get up) at 5.30
every day.
2. When we were young, my sister and I …………….….(fight) like cat and dog.
3. My last English teacher made us work really hard; he …………………………………(never give)
us any free time.
4. I……………….. (not like) seafood, but now I’m mad about it!
5. I……………………………………..(not) this horrible weather. I prefer sunshine and warmth.
EXERCISE 1
Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are given below the conversation. Choose the word or phrase
that will correctly complete the conversation.
1. I am slow to _____.
express my opinion
express my viewing
make my views
make my opinion
2. I have to have this report finished _____.
by Friday
until Friday
Friday before
Friday beginning
3. We were fortunate enough to visit the Grand
Canyon. It has _____.
beautiful scenery that is much
many beautiful landscapes
many beautiful sceneries
much beautiful scenery
4. The car was parked directly _____ the diner.
before
ahead of
in front of
preceding
5. The ski resorts are usually crowded. There are
many people _____ skiing.
enjoy
that enjoying
who enjoy
who enjoying
6. It is already 3 o'clock. Can you _____ time to catch
the bus?
have enough
have it in
make in
make it in
7. I went to have my glasses _____.
fit
fitted
fit on
fitted on
8. Mary's house is _____ the hair salon. Do you think
you can find it?
along
near to
against
next to
9. The burning stick was very hot. He let _____ just in
time.
alone it
go alone it
go it
go of it
10. Do we have _____ money to last us the week?
a lot of
plentiful
plenty of
enough
11. John decided _____ golf on weekends.
to begin
to commence
to take up
to start up
12. It _____ to me whether we meet them or not.
makes no difference
makes not a difference
is indifferent
is not a difference
13. We were _____ after all the hard work.
wear out
outworn
weary out
worn out
14. We saw _____ wild animals while on vacation.
quite a few
quite much
quite many
quite some
15. They are late as usual. I don't think we should
_____ them.
await for
wait for
await on
wait on
16. Are you _____ the competition?
enter
going entering
go to enter
going to enter
17. You had better _____ the tourist information
office.
inquire at
inquiring at
inquire to
inquiring at
18. Ireland was part of the UK, _____?
didn't it
wasn't it
hasn't it
weren't it
19. They will be _____ at the party.
present
presents
presenting
at present
20. Will they go _____ this summer?
swim
to swim
swimming
to swimming
21. The New York police were very anxious _____
about the crime.
more learn
learn more
to more learn
to learn more
22. Many excited women could _____ at the
department store sale.
seen
be seen
be seeing
be see
23. The sink in the locker room tends to _____ .
flow
overflow
flow over
over flowing
24. How long did the baseball game _____?
last
endure
survive
continue
25. We must _____ the annual board meeting
tomorrow.
attend
attend to
attend in
attending
EXERCISE 2
Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are
given below the conversation. Choose the word or
phrase that will correctly complete the
conversation.
1. The subway station is _____ here.
near
near to
near from
nearing
2. When we woke up, everywhere was _____ snow.
covered
covered by
covered with
covering
3. Do earthquakes _____ often in North America?
break
break out
happen to
occur
4. We had better _____ before it begins to rain.
leave
leaving
to leave
to leaving
5. A large crowd _____ in front of the train station.
gathering
to gather
had gathered
had gathering
6. In winter, driving accidents occur quite _____ on
the highways.
frequently
many
much
a few
7. Would you like to _____ to the United States?
trip
voyage
travel
went
8. Most people at some stage have a feeling _____.
responsible
responsibility
of responsibility
to be responsible
9. This stadium can hold _____.
much audience
a large audience
much audiences
many audiences
10. When the mountain forests _____, there can be
large forest fires.
become dry
becoming dry
become drying
drying
11. "What kind of work are you doing for that
company?"
"I'm _____ as an administrator."
worked
occupied
hired
employed
12. "I don't want to buy anything, do you?"
"Yes, I'd like to buy _____"
pencil
much pencils
any pencils
some pencils
13. We can _____ sports on Saturday if you'd like.
do
have
play
enjoy
14. _____ the hotel rooms are reserved throughout
peak season.
Almost
Almost of
Almost all of
Most of all
15. "Where did you work before?"
"I worked only minutes _____ railroad track."
from
from the
near
away
16. "I don't think it will rain at all today, do you?"
"No, I _____ so."
think not
not think
don't think
do think not
17. We have only another five minutes. I think we
_____.
hurry
be hurry
to hurry
should hurry
18. Many fans showed up at the stadium. They were
_____ the big game.
anxious seeing
anxious to see
to anxiously see
to see anxiously
19. "Who did you meet at the community dinner
dance?"
"I met many _____ people."
grandly
celebration
fame
prominent
20. "John isn't sure that the meeting will be held
tomorrow."
"But I _____."
certain
certainly
am certain
am certainly
21. My brother loves to watch baseball; I _____
basketball.
prefer to watch
to prefer watching
watch preferring
preferring to watch
22. Many people are waiting for the news bulletin. It
will _____ soon.
be circulate
circulate around
come near
come around
23. I think our guests will _____.
be here shortly
shortly be here
here be shortly
here shortly be
24. Who _____ when John is likely to turn up.
know
do know
is knowing
knows
25. The managers are _____ a new work schedule
now.
arranging
arranging up
be arrange
to arranging
EXERCISE 3
Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are given below the conversation. Choose the word or phrase
that will correctly complete the conversation.
1. His family keep asking him _____ smoking.
give up
giving up
to give up
to giving up
2. I plan _____ swimming twice a week from now on.
do
on do
go
to go
3. We have an exam next week. It is very necessary _____.
study hard
to study hard
hard study
to hard study
4. They opened the door at noon. Some people were already _____.
in line to wait
in line waiting
line in waiting
waiting in line
5. The theater performance _____.
succeed
successful
was success
was a success
6. I had _____ finding my way around New York when I first arrived.
quite time
a quite time
a time quite
quite a time
7. Guess who I _____ yesterday. I saw my old landlord at the bank.
into run
into ran
ran into
run into
8. The next bus will arrive _____.
three o'clock
at three o'clock
on three o'clock
in three o'clock
9. He was _____ have a doctor's appointment today.
supposed
supposing
supposed to
supposing to
10. "Why are you rushing?"
"I have _____ with my doctor."
an appointment
a pledge
a promise
a contract
11. "Let's _____ a new movie tomorrow."
"Yes, let's."
take in
take into
take to
taking
12. I will stay in the Golden Hotel in New York.
Why don't you guys _____?
visits
visit in
drop in
call in
13. We will serve our guests soon. We had better ____ now.
have table set
set table
setting table
set the table
14. He hurt his leg _____ in order to miss the exam."
at purpose
for purpose
in purpose
on purpose
15. How is he _____ these days? I hope he is doing well.
get along
get to along
getting along
to getting along
16. Are you going to _____ with your cousin while in town?
get in touch
getting in touch
to getting in touch
have touch
17. We are going to _____ the Town Games for fun.
part take in
take part in
take part with
taking in part
18. Since the rainstorm came _____, it did a lot of damage in the area.
surprisingly
rapid
in hurry
suddenly
19. I'll be home late. Please don't _____ me.
wait up on
wait up for
waiting up for
be wait up for
20. Who will _____ your dog while you are away"
look after
be look after
to look after
for looking after
21. The new teacher loves poems and makes us _____.
learn them heartily
heartily learn them
learn them by heart
learning by heart them
22. _____ I like to do something completely spontaneous.
every so often
every often so
very so often
very often so
23. Please _____ soon.
your mind make up
up and make your mind
make up your mind
make upon your mind
24. Taking photos here is _____.
questionably
out of question
out of the question
out for the question
25. My assistant John will be _____ in my absence.
charging
on charge
in charge
for charge
EXERCISE 4
1. "Have you had enough to eat?"
"I'd like _____, please."
another
one more
some more
any more
2. The woman was _____ someone might recognize
her.
afraid of
afraid about
afraid for
afraid that
3. The organisation _____ 25 years ago.
found
founded
was found
was founded
4. I wish I _____ with Ann.
am
was
were
would be
5. Please turn off all the lights when _____.
you leave
you will leave
you will leave left
you had left
6. Until last year, she was the largest ship that _____.
was ever built
has ever built
has ever been built
had ever been built
7. We lived there _____ ten years.
for
during
since
while
8. My grandfather _____ of heart failure in his sixties.
dead
died
was died
was dead
9. They are rich enough to own _____.
not a helicopter only, but a yacht as well
not only a helicopter, but a yacht as well
only a helicopter, but a yacht as well
as well as a helicopter, not only a yacht
10. She _____ the letter on the office desk.
lay
lied
laid
lain
11. There wasn't a single person _____ at the beach.
in sight
on sight
seeing
to see
12. This sauce doesn't taste _____ it should.
as
for
like
where as
13. John was neither willing to go _____.
nor able go
nor was able
nor he was able
nor able to go
14. If one is to learn a language well, _____.
it must be spoken regularly
one must be spoken regularly
it must speak regularly
one must speak it regularly
15. I don't especially care _____ those types of
movies.
by
to
for
with
16. _____ me for a few minutes?
Would you to help
Would you helping
Would you mind to help
Would you mind helping
17. _____ to the beach on the weekend.
Let's go
Let's going
Let's went
Let's to go
18. "Did you give John his share of the money?"
"No, I _____ it to him, but I didn't have enough time."
was to have gave
was to have given
was to had given
was to had gave
19. Your taste in movies is very different _____ mine.
from
to
with
as
20. "You _____ think they'd be here by now."
would
should
could
might
21. I don't know _____ the rope, but hopefully it will
do the job.
how long
how long is
the length of
the long of
22. "Excuse me. Where is the post office?"
"It is _____ of the large blue hotel."
in the front
on the front
in front
on front
23. She's finally decided that _____ she's going to
study much harder.
after now
from this
now from
from now on
24. My brother _____ the university last year.
graduated
graduated from
was graduated
graduated of
25. We won't be able to go to the club _____ our
parents give us permission.
although
nevertheless
unless
without
EXERCISE 5
1. Why don't you try to come home _____ 9 o'clock?
by
under
until
up to
2. My father _____ to the Golf Club for the past 25 years.
was belonging
has belonged
has been belonged
has belonging
3. Portuguese is quite _____ Spanish.
similar
similar from
similar to
similar with
4. My youngest sister _____ last summer.
marriaged
got married
got marriaged
was married to
5. Paper is _____ wood.
made by
made of
made from
made with
6. He _____ take off his shoes before he entered the room.
must
has to
have to
had to
7. You'd better go now, _____ you'll miss the next train.
if else
or else
or not
unless
8. He moved the TV antenna _____ he could get a clearer picture.
because of
in which
so which
so that
9. How do you say "that's mine" _____ Spanish?
by
in
on
with
10. Our mother _____ scrub the kitchen walls and floor.
had us
had us to
us had
us to
11. "Could you do me a small favor?"
"I'm sorry. I really _____."
am hurry
am in a hurry
have a hurry
am hurried
12. Would you care for _____ cup of tea?
another
more
one other
some more
13. I'm right this time, _____?
agree with
agree to
agree
agree about
14. _____ who looks for trouble usually finds it.
Anyone
These
Those
Them
15. We have much to _____ today, so please concentrate.
discuss
discuss about
discuss over
discuss with
16. The sun _____ at 7 o'clock yesterday evening.
set
setted
has set
had setted
17. I _____ finish my work before lunch yesterday, so I went shopping.
able to
was able to
managed
could have
18. _____ would you most like to have?
These of which
What of these
Any of these
Which of these
19. I'll finish my work by four o'clock and _____ home.
go to
go back
come to
come back to
20. My younger brother plays _____.
the piano very well
very good the piano
the piano very good
very well the piano
21. Lauren _____ in Singapore.
growed
grew up
grown up
was grown up
22. What _____?
means this word
does this word meaning
is this word meaning
does this word mean
23. "Which horse came in first?"
"That tall black one _____."
has
is
was
did
24. I couldn't find _____ your last question.
an answer to
an answer
answering
to answer
25. The electric light was invented in _____.
the nineteenth century
nineteen centuries
nineteen century
century the nineteenth
EXERCISE 6
1. _____ Easter, kids receive lots of chocolate Easter
eggs in USA.
On
At
In
By
2. I wish you _____ me how to make such a sauce
last time.
teach
taught
have taught
had taught
3. How much money did he borrow _____ the bank?
to
of
off
from
4. "How much sugar is left?" "_____."
None
Nothing
Not some
Not one
5. _____ ended after 4 years in 1918.
World War First
World War I
First World War
World War the First
6. My brother loves music very much and has _____
of tapes.
a large collection
large collection
much collections
many collection
7. We couldn't enter the court. The police _____ let
us in.
shall not
won't
shouldn't
wouldn't
8. "Have you ever played tennis?"
"Yes, I _____ played it."
have
have ever
have been
had been
9. Jane didn't go _____ this morning. She was at
home.
somewhere
anywhere
no where
10. If I _____ you, I wouldn't do that.
am
was
were
had been
11. We don't travel to any country _____ crime rate is
known to be very high.
which
whose
that which
that
12. By my 50th birthday, I _____ in my current
profession for over 20 years.
will be
will have been
would be
would have been
13. Finally John bought a _____ sedan.
green new 1988 four-door
1988 green new four-door
new green 1988 four-door
new four-door green 1988
14. My father taught me basic accounting and _____.
to type
how to type
how to typing
typing
15. _____ my childhood, I studied in Paris.
During
Ever
When
While
16. Jane's hair is brown, and her eyes _____.
green
are green
was green
has been green
17. The children _____ do their homework while
watching TV yesterday.
was able to
were able to
would
could have
18. The English students _____ by that eccentric
teacher at that time.
were learning
were being taught
were being teaching
were being learned
19. "Hello! _____ John Smith speaking."
I'm
This is
There is
Here is
20. It is sometimes very difficult _____ in a second
language.
to make oneself understood
for oneself to be understanding
understanding oneself
to understand oneself
21. The hero rode through the village _____ of a large
white horse.
over the back
in the back
back
on the back
22. This is the _____ curry sauce I've ever tasted.
more good
most good
best
most best
23. If Jane asks her mother, she _____ permission.
may have gotten
might have gotten
might get
maybe get
24. He fell from the top of the metal staircase, _____
breaking his leg.
so
because
thus
whence
25. My sister lived in France for two years and my
niece _____ there.
borned
born
was borned
was born
EXERCISE 7
1. It is very rude to point _____ someone in many
cultures.
at
to
into
off
2. Was my child polite _____ you?
at
from
to
with
3. If our plans are carried _____ now, we will solve
that issue.
out
up
upon
through
4. The neighbours didn't go on vacation, _____?
didn't they
did it
did they
didn't it
5. It _____ the day before yesterday.
snowed
was snow
has snowed
was snowed
6. Have you ever _____ on a horse? It is a wonderful
experience.
rode
rid
to ride
ridden
7. He is learning Chinese _____ Mr. Chan.
through
by
to
from
8. Students are supposed to sit attentively _____
their desks.
at
beside
to
beneath
9. "Where is the library?"
"It's _____ your right."
in
on
at
by
10. Tom is very temperamental, and he _____.
always gets angry
gets always angry
always angry gets
angry always gets
11. "How many products did you sell?"
"_____ than we had expected."
Less
Lesser
Few
Fewer
12. It's not an easy task. However, please have him
_____ it.
do
to do
doing
have to do
13. I would like to apply _____ the position of sales
clerk that you advertised in the Sunday newspaper.
for
to
with
in
14. It's often difficult for a young child _____ clothes.
wearing
to wear
putting on
to put on
15. This knife is quite sharp. We use it _____.
for to cut the bread
to cut with the bread
cutting with the bread
to cut the bread
16. I could have done it for you if you _____.
ask to me to
asked me to
had asked me
had asked me to
17. Joe _____.
likes football best
likes best football
best likes football
likes play football best
18. My sister went _____ yesterday.
to shopping
shopping
to shop
shopped
19. John is _____ soccer magazines.
interested
interesting
interested in
interest in
20. I liked the job better than Bob _____.
did
do
has done
done
21. _____ my CDs are indie rock.
Almost
Almost all
Most
Most of all
22. _____ are you speaking? I didn't catch the name.
Who
Whom
Of who
Of whom
23. _____ will be invited to join us for lunch on
Saturday.
Whoever will come
Whoever come
Whoever comes
Whoever would come
24. _____ I hate getting up at six, I have to.
Much as
As much
So much as
So much
25. I'll give you another hour _____.
making your mind up
making up your mind
make up your mind
to make up your mind
EXERCISE 8
1. _____ the floor manager, we don't need to work
this Friday afternoon.
According
According of
According from
According to
2. You _____ see the doctor if that back ache
persists.
better
better have
have better
had better
3. How long does it take _____ the nearest train
station?
get to
to get
to get to
getting to
4. He likes his new job very much and _____.
works hardly
hard works
hardly work
works hard
5. Please fill _____ this online application form.
up
on
down
out
6. "I've never seen that movie."
"_____ have I."
So
Either
Neither
Too
7. "Haven't you been to New York?"
"_____ been there."
Yes, I haven't
Yes, I wasn't
No, I haven't
No, I have
8. "Where does Helen live?" "She lives _____."
in the Moore Street
on Moore Street
at Moore Street
on the Moore Street
9. Is your TV _____?
as large as mine
so large as me
as large as me
so large as mine
10. I've never seen _____.
such a tall man
so tall man
such tall man
as tall man
11. Please carry this box _____ the next room.
inside
at
in
into
12. My mother didn't buy _____ food at that store.
one
some
a
any
13. "How often do you play tennis?"
"I play _____."
two times in a month
two times a month
two months a time
two times of a month
14. John started his current job _____ October 10.
at
on
in
to
15. Would you go with us if you _____ the money?
will have
have
would have
had
16. There hasn't _____.
been a concert like this before
been a concert like before this
a concert been like this before
before a concert been like this
17. You had better stay _____ home and get rid of
your cold.
at
in
inside
into
18. "Whose cell phone is this?"
"It's _____"
the cell phone of my friend
my friend's
belong a friend of mine
one of my friends
19. "How do I use this tool?" "Hold it _____."
on your right firmly hand
in your firmly right hand
firmly in your right hand
firmly on your right hand
20. It's really hard to believe _____.
he would say such a terrible thing
such a terrible thing he would say
to say he would such a terrible thing
would he say such a terrible thing
21. "Did you fully understand what I meant?"
"_____."
I think so
So I think
I so think
So think I
22. Jane is the woman who is standing _____ my
mother.
before
to the front of
in front of
front of
23. _____ the audience safely left the theater through
the fire exits.
Every one
Every member
Every member of
Every all of
24. He _____ he was going to visit his sister in Ohio.
spoke that
talked that
said that
told that
25. We _____ our favorite team's performance.
were disappointed by
were disappointed of
were disappointing
were disappointing in
PART 9
I. Five sentences have been removed from the following passage. Choose from the sentences (A-
F) the one which fits each gap (1-5). There is one extra sentence which do not need to use.
Gwen Crowley likes to borrow clothes from other people. She also buys clothes from
celebrities such as Cher in order to sell them in her second- hand clothes shop, Star Wares , in Los
Angeles.
Cher tends to get rid of a lot of her things each year and we just go over with a truck and pick
them up. I’ve met her a few times , although I’ve never been wearing any of her clothes at the time. (1)
…I love Cher’s style. I have her shoes, her jewellery, and even some of her furniture. Many of my
customers don’t wear the clothes they buy and just keep them as souvenirs. (2)…
I also had a denim shirt which I bought from Mel Gibson. I wore it all the time , even when I
was decorating the house. (3)…I really liked that shirt and it was great fun telling people which
famous person owned it before.
Although my husband doesn’t share my passion , he was delighted when I bought him Cary
Grant’s silver cigarette case for his 40th birthday. (4)….It’s wonderful to have a part of someone that
you admire, that you can actually hold, look at and wear. At the moment I’ve got my eye on a very
special costume from my favourite TV programme. (5)… It’s not the sort of thing you can wear to the
shops, but it would certainly attract attention at a fancy dress party!
A. If it was something I really liked, though, I would buy it, no matter how much it cost.
B. I got paint on it and all sorts of other stains , but it broke my heart when I finally had to throw
it away.
C. It’s in a cloth bag and has the actor’s name inscribed on the front.
D. However, I like to enjoy my clothes and I alwayd wear Cher’s things until they’re worn out.
E. It’s Dr McCoy’s original tunic from the Star Trek series.
F. I’m not sure how she’d react if she saw me in one of her old sweaters or skirts.
II. Use the word given to complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first sentence. Do not change the word given .
1. Unless she starts doing some work, she’s going to fail the exam.( if) / She’s going to fail the
exam………doing some work.
2. They have built a science lab for our school. (been)/ A science lab……….for our school.
3. „Don’t try to call me up!” Paul said to me. (told)/ Paul……….call him up.
4. I made a mistake by not reporting the incident to the police. (have)/ I………the incident to the
police.
5. Can’t you do any better than that? (best)/ Is that……..you can do?
6. Most students usually wake up early before an exam. ( used)/ Most students are…..before an exam.
7. „Well done!” You raised the most money”, said Angela to us. (congratulated)/ Angela…………the
most money.
8. You will never forget that you saw this play tonight. ( remember)/ You…..this play tonight.
9. Anna got married six months ago. ( since)/ It’s ………Anna got married.
10. „Why haven’t you told us the truth?” his parents asked. (know)/ His parents wanted to…..the truth.
III. Fill in ONE suitable word in each blank. There is one example (0).
It’s a fact that 0- nowadays many young people become involved (1)……crime. (2)…work
alone and others are members of gangs. The (3)…for this are unclear. Some (4)……society is to
blame, others believe that the change in family life is at fault.
One boy who (5)…broken into numerous houses and robbed the owners of (6)….possessions
was arrested recently for his crimes and held at the police station. He (7)….appear in court shortly and,
if he is found guilty, he will be sentenced to time in jail. His parents are worried about the effect jail
will have on him. Perhaps they should have been (8)….interested while he was growing (9)…. And
then, he might (10)….be in this situation now.
IV. For questions 1- 15, read the text below and decide which word A,B,C or D best fits each
space. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Every year, the village of Pettineo (0) A….its unique arts festival. For a few days each
summer, artists from all over Europe (1)….at this village near the north coast of Sicily to (2)…the
creative atmosphere. (3)…their stay, the artists get together with the local people to paint a one-
kilometre long picture that runs the (4)…of the high street. (5)…the painting is done, each visiting
artist joins a local family for a big lunch and, (6)…the meal, the family receives the (7)…of the
painting that the artist has painted. As a result, (8)…few villagers are rich, almost every home has at
(9)... one painting by a well- known European artist. Visitors to the village are eagerly (10)…into
homes to see these paintings.
The festival was the idea of Antonio Presti, a local businessman who (11)…it up several years
ago. Since then , Pettineo has (12)…a sort of domestic art museum in (13)…any visitor can ring a
doorbell, go into a house and (14)…a painting. In addition to this exhibition (15)…paintings in
people’s homes, for those who have time to spare, there is an opportunity to wander through the
display of huge sculptures in the village square.
3 A During B In C While D At
15 A at B on C of D in
V. Read the text below and look carefully at each line. If the line is corect, put a tick ( ). If it has
a word that should not be there, write this word on the line, as in the examples.
Are you one of those who jump at any occasion to visit the shops? 0
Are you an unredeemed bargain hunter who ever walks through the 00 ever
markets armed out with your trusty credit card? Shopping can be 1
the best way to begin or end a difficult day. And by this we don’t mean 2
just hitting against the stores, emptying your wallet. We also mean 3
to browsing through a good bookshop for something that will take you 4
the own thing to brighten up your desk, choosing a small treat for yourself 6
after that give you a lift : visiting the shops, having coffee with a friend, 9
opening the bag at home, experiencing the pleasure of that special purchase. 10
VI. Read the text and use the words given in capitals to form words that fit in the numbered
gaps. The words are given in the order in which you need to use them. There is an example at the
beginning.
(1) FASHION; (1) SCULPT; (2) WELL; (3) CONSIDER; (4) DECIDE; (5) POSSIBLE; (6) DAY;
(7) RESIDE; (8) SEE; (9) RESPONSIBLE; (10) BENEFIT.
Modern art has become rather (0)..fashionable..in the North- East of England, and large
metallic (1)….are now fairly commonplace in the region. The (2)…known of these is the 200-ton steel
figure, Angel of the North, erected in Gateshead at the (3)….cost of 800,000 pounds. Many local
people were horrified at the (4)…to spend such a large sum on a 65- foot metal structure.
Nevertheless, the Angel is (5)…one of the most frequently viewd artworks in the world, seen (6)….by
almost 100,000 passing motorists. A number of (7)….in Hartlepool were similarly upset when they
were greeted one day by the (8)…of 15 giant, metal balls on a traffic roudabout in the town centre.
They described the payment of 70,000 pounds for the spheres as (9)…and felt the money could have
been spent on something more directly (10)….to the local population.
FOLLOW UP
Who, Whom, Whose - Gap-fill Exercise clean up their rooms. I couldn't ........................
Choose the correct answer for each gap below. my children to clean up their rooms if my life
depended on it.
1. ...................... wrote this book? 4. Professor Yu ....................... each of her
2. ...................... are you going to recommend? students write an essay describing their future goals
3. .......................... dictionary is on the table? in life.
4. It doesn't look like this is the right 5. Professor Yu .................................. her
address. ...................... did you ask for students use a dictionary while they were taking the
directions? test.
5. We have two extra tickets for the 6. Debbie's husband hates the opera. But after days
concert. ......................... wants to go with us? of nagging, she finally ..................... him to go
6. It wasn't me! I have no idea ........................ see the new production of La Boheme.
left the oven on. 7. Sally ................... me take off my shoes
7. ......................... car is parked in the before I went into her house. She said she wanted
handicapped parking space? If someone doesn't to keep the carpet clean.
move it, it's going to be towed. 8. Rebecca Smith requested a copy of that expense
8. The police have called in an expert to report, so I ............... the courier take one over to
identify .................... handwriting is actually on her last week.
the ransom letter. 9. Diane thinks television is a waste of time, so she
9. Do you remember ................... received the won't ...................... her children watch TV.
Academy Award for best actress that year? Was it 10. Mr. Levine .................... his secretary call
Nicole Kidman? Ms. Jackson and reconfirm their meeting on
10. Melanie couldn't remember the name of the Thursday.
student ......................... science project 11. Marcus ........................ me drive his new
received the $100,000 prize. BMW. I couldn't believe how quickly it picked up
11. I know exactly .......................... I'm going to speed.
support in the upcoming election. 12. How did you ...................... the doctor to
12. That's the professor ........................... make a house call? I haven't heard of a doctor
spent 10 years living with the Pygmies in Central actually going to a patient's house in years.
Africa. 13. My boss .................... me get him coffee,
13. She's the actress ......................... he so pick up his dry cleaning and buy presents for his
vividly describes in his scandalous new book. wife. He can't do anything by himself!
14. Can you please tell me the names of the people 14. Tommy didn't want to go to his cousin's birthday
...................... helped organize the AIDS charity party, but his mom ............................ him go.
event? 15. I can't believe the zoo keeper ...................
15. The national park is being renamed in honor of you feed the snake. That was so cool!
Dian Fossey, ................... scientific research 16. The contract was very detailed, and it was
and environmental efforts helped save the last essential that the wording be absolutely correct.
remaining mountain gorillas. Therefore, I ........................ the translator
recheck his work several times to make sure there
Let / Make / Have / Get - Gap-fill Exercise would be no misunderstandings.
Complete the sentences below using the correct 17. Cheryl didn't want to wash her car, so with a
form of the verbs "let," "make," "have," and "get," . little smooth talk she ................... her boyfriend
1. Sam really wanted a dog, but his parents to wash it for her.
wouldn't ...................... him have a pet. 18. If you ask me nicely, I'll ....................... you
lick the bowl after I make the cookies.
2. I can't believe she ..................... you look at
her vacation pictures again last night. We have to 19. Dr. Jackson ........................ the nurse
look at those stupid pictures every time we go to her monitor the patient's condition overnight.
house. 20. The news coverage of the recent tornado was
3. I don't know how you convince your children to incredibly moving. The interview with the little boy
who lost his family in the tragedy .....................
everyone cry.
Verbs and Prepositions - Gap-fill exercise
1. She accused me ................. telling lies.
2. You can always borrow a dictionary ...................... the library.
3. Do you believe .................... ghosts?
4. The history teacher asked us to comment ..................... the events taking place in Afghanistan.
5. I am accustomed .................. having a lot of money.
6. When the guests arrived .................... my house they gave me a bottle of wine.
7. Some people stupidly believe that we are in school to prepare ....................... our future jobs.
8. The old woman suffered .................... lumbago.
9. Oh, you are so right! I agree ......................... you completely!
10. She is very dependable. I always know I can count .......................... her absolutely.
11. I want to congratulate you ...................... your success.
12. You won't always be able to rely ......................... your parents.
13. When you are a mountain guide, you sometimes have to wait a long time ..................... the
tourists.
14. My banker told me not to draw all the money ........................... of my bank account.
15. I must insist ......................... your learning these verbs!
16. Are you accusing me ......................... being too strict?
17. How does the man account .................. having all that money in his pocket?
18. The workmen would like to speak ........................ the manager.
19. The visitors objected ....................... the horrible rooms.
20. I always try to agree .............. my twin sister, because it makes her angry if I don't.
21. I just couldn't agree .................... his plan, it was much too dangerous!
22. Young people today can communicate ............... each other using a lot of different machines.
23. It was your fault! Don't try to blame me ............................ the accident!!
24. The head teacher threatened me ................. expulsion if I didn't behave better.
25. Don't forget to thank your parents ................... putting up with you all these years!
QUANTIFIERS – COUNT & NON-COUNT NOUNS
In the following sentences, fill in the gaps with one of the following quantifiers: much, many, lots of, a lot of, little,
most, a little, little, a few, few:
INVERSION EXERCISES
Exercise 1 - Fill the gaps using the words in the box.
has · before · than · audience · then · was
started · will · can · did · so many · had
Exercise 4 - Complete the sentences below with the words in brackets in the correct tense and the
right order.
1. Not until June 15 (we/can/accept)… applications for next year.
2. Never before that day (she/have/witnessed) … such violence.
3. Hardly (the match/have/start) … when the game was interrupted.
4. Not only (the girl/be/hungry) …, she was also very tired.
5. Little (I/do/imagine) … that it was the last time I would see him.
6. Only later ((he/do/understand) … why his wife was so upset.
7. (He/have/know) … it would take so long he would not have started.
8. No sooner (her name/be/announce) … than the crowd started to cheer.
9. At no time (the salesman/do/say) … that the price would increase.
10. In no way (he/can/be/hold) … responsible for the damage.
1. I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed. (Hardly ...)
3. If John had known that she liked curry, he would have brought her to an Indian restaurant.
(Had ...)
4. The artist rarely paid attention to his agent's advice. (Rarely ...)
6. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property. (In no way ...)
7. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony. (No sooner ...)
8. Tom only realized the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face. (Only ...)
9. She never at any time said that she was allergic to cats. (Never ...)
10. The restaurant cannot accept animals under any circumstances. (Under ...)
INVERSION
~ follow up ~
1. Rephrase
1. I have never before been asked to accept a bribe.
Never before
2. He had hardly left the house when the storm broke.
Hardly
3. As soon as he had left the house the storm broke.
No sooner
4. This switch must not be touched on any account.
On no account
5. She rarely has any money to spare.
Rarely
6. He hardly speaks to anyone.
Hardly
7. The nation has seldom been faced with such difficulties.
Seldom
8. They had hardly started playing tennis when it began to rain.
Hardly
9. A father has seldom sacrificed so much for his child.
Seldom
10. You may not return after midnight on any account.
On no account
11. He would not give up writing his satires under any circumstances.
Under no circumstances
12. He realized the danger he had been in only after he had read the newspaper the following morning.
Only after
13. They were not able to assess the damage until the floods had subsided.
Not until
14. He only stays in bed if he is seriously ill.
Only if
15. We only then realized how much he had suffered.
Only then
16. He was only able to do the exercise with a great deal of effort.
Only
17. He didn’t manage to get permission until she had calmed down.
Not until
18. No director has made such an intellectually challenging sci-fi movie since Kubrick’s2001.
Not since
19. He became so suspicious that he didn’t even trust his family.
So suspicious
20. He was so anxious to start a new life that he actually changed his name.
So anxious
21. He could only make himself heard by shouting at the top of his voice.
Only by
22. He laughed so much that tears rolled down his cheeks.
So much
23. Her business was so successful that Marie was able to retire at the age of 50.
So successful
24. If you were less than delighted with our product, we will refund your money immediately.
Were
25. If you were to accept our offer, we could avoid the costs of a court case.
Were
26. If the builders were to finish their work to schedule, they would receive a bonus.
Were
27. If the tickets should fail to arrive before the departure date, we would arrange to have duplicates
waiting at the airport.
Should
28. If the film had been released in the summer, it would not have been so successful.
Had
29. He had no money and his sister didn’t have any either.
He had no money, neither / nor
30. They have no intention of paying and we don’t either.
They have no intention of paying and nor / neither
31. I couldn’t face my father and Jane couldn’t either.
I couldn’t face my father and neither / nor
32. Tom came in.
In
33. Two large dogs jumped up.
Up
34. Half a dozen apples fell down.
Down
35. The body of our late lamented sovereign lies here.
Here
36. As soon as Springsteen had gone on stage, it started to rain.
No sooner
37. We only very rarely go to the cinema these days.
Only very rarely
38. I have never seen such a terrible performance of Hamlet before.
Never before
39. Bags must not be left unattended at any time.
At no time
40. The identity of the murderer is not revealed until the very last page.
Not until
41. They only realized the painting had been hung upside down when someone complained at reception.
Only when
42. He would never play in front of a live audience again
Never again
43. She had hardly sat down to watch her favourite programme when the phone rang.
Hardly
44. You will not be allowed to enter the auditorium under any circumstances once the play has started.
Under
45. We not only went to the National Gallery, but we also saw a West End musical.
Not
46. John had not enjoyed himself so much since he went to the theme park as a child.
Not
2. The view of the canyon was breathtaking. Never before such beauty.
A had seen we B had we seen C we had seen D we hadn't seen
6. She should have helped them. She wasn't busy at that time. – . Why didn't you help them?
A Neither were you B Neither you were C Were you neither D You were neither
10. Not only my car poorly, but they also overcharged me.
A did they repair B repair they did C they did repair D they didn't repair