Lab Report 4

Discussion
Titration is a technique for determining either the concentration of a solution of unknown molarity
or the number od substance in a given example. A chemical reaction is used for this purpose, and
the reaction must be fast, complete and must have a determinable end point. The reactions of both
strong acid and base usually meet those criteria.

In this experiment we have used hydrochloric acid and phenolphthalein as acid substance and
sodium hydroxide as base substance. Given that the concentration of NaOH is 0.1 M. We have used
the change of phenolphthalein as an indicator to signal the end of the titration (when the solution
changes from clear to bright pink). If we use the base as titrant, and acid as solution, at the end
point, the solution in the flask will turn light pink. If we use acid as titrant, and base as solution, at
the end point, the solution in the flask will turn colourless, for this experiment, the solution has
turned from colourless to pink.

A diprotic acid is an acid that has two H+ ions per molecule, Examples of diprotic acids are sulfuric
acid and carbonic acid. A diprotic acid dissociates in water in two phases

In this experiment there was a slight mistake, for example the volume of NaOH or the HCL in the
Erlenmeyer flask may not be completely accurate but since we have performed the identical
experiment three times, we are able to collect and average the volume to 18.51ml.

Conclusion
The concentration and mole of acid or base can be determined using the titration process by a given
value for one of the substances. The values of concentration NaOH using HCL is 0.1M, but the value I
have obtained through the experiment is 1.851M.