Research Proposal Gr.12 Version Final

Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-PS
MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION

Lucena City Document Title: Project Study
An Autonomous University Page No.: Page 1 of 16
Revision No.: 0
DR. CESAR A. VILLARIBA RESEARCH AND Effectivity Date: August 2017
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE Prepared by: DCAVRKMI
Reviewed by: QMR
QUALITY FORM Approved by: President
Early Advisory System
For Ambulances
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for Research Subject
Senior High School Department
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation University
Lucena City
By:
Altovar, Eduardo Jr. B.
Capuno, Cail G.
Casido, Cyril Jemuel C.
Jao, Jerome A.
Maranan, Khen Zeimmer C.

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
November 2018
PROJECT STUDY
I. Research Title: Early Advisory System for Ambulances
II. Name of Researchers:
Altovar, Eduardo Jr. B.
Capuno, Cail G.
Casido, Cyril Jemuel C.
Jao, Jerome A.
Maranan, Khen Zeimmer C.
Degree: Science Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) 12-A5
Researcher’s Contact Details:
09294651539 - Casido, Cyril Jemuel C.
09984237616- Jao, Jerome A.
09151339616- Capuno, Cail G.
09454532502- Maranan, Khen Zeimmer C.
09397264892- Altovar, Eduardo Jr. B.
Name of Research Adviser: Engr. Ronaldo Maaño

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
III. Research Proposal
Abstract
The project that the researchers are going to conclude is the inconvenience or
struggle of the traffic delay between the daily citizen drivers against the ambulances, who
carry injured patients and might cause severity to the health of the patient if not treated
immediately, Thus the researchers devise a system in where the drivers will know how far
the ambulance is from their current location to relay the message that the ambulance is
closing in to their location quickly to the drivers in order to make way for the ambulance
so it can easily pass through the traffic without any delay. The researchers have concluded
this problem based on a daily observation, that traffic in their area is largely affecting many
things and one of this is the problem for carrying patients to the hospitals. The system that
the researchers will use is the “Relaying system” with the use Radio-Frequency-
Identification (RFID) in order to know the location of the ambulance.

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
Chapter 1
Introduction
Background of the Study
The researchers chose this topic owing to the fact that traffic has been always
everyone’s problem in where a person shall always arrive late to their destination, and a bigger
problem to a patient whose life is endangered if not treated with proper medical care in hospital
in such shall always arrive late due to the occurrences of traffic. The problem is not only
occurring only in Manila City but also on crowded cities such as Lucena City given the fact that
most cities doesn’t have an ambulance lane and occasionally have a bumper to bumper traffic
because of these complications many ambulances have experienced reaching their destination
behind schedule.
Based on the researcher’s observation in Lucena City, many people had always
complained about the heavy traffic in which many vehicles travel in 2 lanes especially going into
the city thus the ambulance must either use the other lane or find another route to reach its
destination still increasing its delay time. This is how the researchers come up with the idea of
using an Early Advisory System for Ambulances in order for the ambulance to reach its
destination with no delay.

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
Research Problem
The inconvenience and/or struggle of ambulances to reach their destination through
traffic that may cause in delay of arrival or departure from the hospital, carrying or rushing a
patient to be treated immediately.
Research Questions
 Will the study be efficient at providing a concept of tracking and preemptive
response?
 Will the system function properly with exposure to external factors?
Research Hypothesis
The Study will produce an efficient concept of an advisory system that can be applied in
future system projects. The system will reduce the time of delay and increase the survival rate of
the patients onboard an ambulance.
Significance of the Study
The beneficiaries of the research are Hospitals that are experiencing traffic near their
vicinity in order for their ambulances reach their destination without any delay and in order to
save or reduce the damage to the patient. This research will help serve hospitals and the citizens
Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
in making an emergency for the ambulances to be there on time, in order for casualties to be
lessen.
Scope and Delimitations
The limit on the study shall only be based on actual data gathered by the researchers
given by Nurses, Doctors, Paramedics and actual people who knows what they are doing that are
related to the study. The limit of gathering data shall only be in the scope of Lucena. The
selecting of respondents shall be done Quasi-Experimental and use a survey type questioning in
gathering the data.
Conceptual Framework
Produce a functioning
Hardware Create and system or Concept
Synthesize prototype
system
Data & Software

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
Definition of Terms
Location- The identification of where an object is at a current time.
Signal-The one that transfers information to tell something
Ambulance- A vehicle that carries or brings patient to the hospital for treatment.
Advisory system- A system in that will give of the location of the ambulance to advice other
drivers for the upcoming ambulance carrying a patient.
Frequency- The fact or condition of occurring of how many times.
Relay- To transfer or to announce of the information.
Station- The place in where the information of the location of the ambulance to be gathered and
where the information will be redirected to the right place.
Acronyms
 Radio-Frequency-Identification (RFID)
 Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)
 Emergency Medical Service (EMS)

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
Chapter 2
Review of Related Studies and Literature
In these past few years study shows that many patients that are in an ambulance
experience delays due to traffic jams and misjudgments of other drivers. (The Nation, 2017)
Many cities commonly have handover delays that cause many difficulties especially to
ambulance that carry patients. (David Cone, 2012)
Study suggest that risk-adjustment is based on the occasion and time to the higher
proportion of severely injured patient.(Anselmi, Meacock, Kristensen, Doran, & Sutton, 2016)
It also stated that the longer the distance increases the risk of mortality of the patient.
(Nicholl, West, Goodacre et al., 2016)
There also have been cases that patients die as they could not reach the hospital in time
and will make in finding the cause of death much harder to identify. (Mushtaq & Ritchie, 2005)
Based on the data gathered most patients die in the cause of major trauma and
cardiovascular disease, thus low ED mortality rate of 0.9% shows that only a few dying patients
are transported to hospital. (The Times of India, 2016)
Due to delays that may cause further harm to the patient it is efficient if there would be a
traffic control system or early advisory system for the ambulances to reduce traffic and avoid
delay.(Tank, 2015)
It is essential to quickly identify the status of the patient in order to deploy a paramedic
intercept to the ambulance. (Williams, 2014)

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
It also needed of a clinician to be in an ambulance to control major trauma patients. (Sinclaira,
Sinclaira, Donaldab et al., 2018)
In order to advise the drivers for an upcoming emergency vehicle one could use a signal
relay system to advise. (Bygrave, Dineen, Norton, & Bell, 2009)
The use of PDA system can also be used to locate where the vehicle is currently at.
(Luniewski, Zagrodzki, Szelejewski, & Skarzynski, 2010)
The study also shows that a location export API, upon request from a location-based service
application to find where the user is. (Data, 2011)
The use of early advisory shows how the use of telecommunication technologies for remote
monitoring of patients can enhance effectiveness of emergency ambulance transport from rural
areas to a regional center hospital. (Hosseini, Berlin, & Sha, 2017)
If mitigating response time of ambulance time will to take place the survival rate of
patients would increase. (Pell, Sirel, Marsden, Ford et.al, 2001)
Reductions in ambulance diversions and ED overcrowding reflected a team effort, to
improve access to care for the rapidly growing community (Deborah A.Yancer R.N, 2006)
If the minimization ambulance response time can be accomplished, one can reach
definitive care. (Mayer,1979)
Each EMS shall have available 2-way radio communications capability and a backup or
redundant capability for each Emergency Response vehicle in order to also transfer (Clair &
Jonas, 1998)
Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
The study shows that there are many types of radio frequencies and types of stations that
can be used to transfer data. (Health, 2009)
RFID can be used attached to an ambulance and when the ambulance is approaching the
junction, it will communicate to the traffic controller in the junction for the ambulance to pass
through (Sundar, Hebbar, & Golla, 2014)
The study shows that because of the complex nature of the ambulance response and
transport activities, the problem is subdivided into a facility location problem and a vehicle
allocation problem and can be minimized if there were no other anomalies
(Berlin & Liebman, 1974)
The study shows that an ambulance diversion is a common and increasing event that
delays emergency medical care (Blair, Collins, & Redelmeier, 1994)
Disaster response to mass‐casualty incidents represents one of the greatest challenges to
a community's emergency response system and when solved the chance of no causalities shall
increase. (Chan, Killeen, Griswold, & Lenert, 2004)
A system for warning motorists of the presence of an emergency vehicle is provided that
can be used to give way for upcoming ambulances. The System includes a transmitter adapted to
be coupled to the emergency vehicle for emitting an emergency signal. (Examiner & Hofsass,
2000b)
The study shows that a low cost and reliable warning system can be made for potential
hazards and anomalies be avoided. (Examiner & Hofsass, 2000a)

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
The study shows of a frequency emitter and apparatus to facilitate communication to be
used in the creation in a newer system. (Sanders & Francisco, 2009)
Chapter 3
Methods and Procedures
Research Design
This Study will use the Quasi-Experimental Time Series Method.
As stated above, this study will be using time series method of quasi experimental; due to the
required time to formulate and synthesize a system adaptive in real time.
Research Environment
This study will be conducted in Lucena City located in Quezon Province with the population of
two hundred sixty-six thousand and two hundred forty-eight. The center of the study is at Brgy.
Ibabang Dupay, Red-V Lucena City,
Research Instrument
This research shall use the following resources such as a relay, transmitter, RFID, and medical
database. The absences of such resources will drastically affect the efficiency and reliability of
the study.
Respondents of the Study
This respondents of the study will be medical professionals to determine the efficiency of the
study in correlation of the emergency medical services time arrival at the hospital. The number
of respondents is 20 from the hospital.

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
Data Analysis and Presentation
This study will be using quantitative statistical data analysis. The data will be analyzed under the
“T” sampling distribution statistical method, due to the sampling of the selection of respondents
for the study.The researchers will analyze traffic, geographical, and medical data from different
references across Lucena City. The analyzing of data will be given two to three weeks to be
completed. The prototype concept will be tested using various variables such traffic regulations,
time & day, traffic density, medical case, and point of origin. The synthesizing and testing of the
concept will be take one to two months.

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
References
Anselmi, L., Meacock, R., Kristensen, S. R., Doran, T., & Sutton, M. (2016). Arrival by
ambulance explains variation in mortality by time of admission : retrospective study of
admissions to hospital following emergency department attendance in England, (October),
1–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2016-005680
Bell, D., Bygrave, C., Dineen, O., & Norton, P. (2009). (12) United States Patent, 1(12).
Berlin, G., & Liebman, J. (1974). Mathematical analysis of emergency ambulance location -
ScienceDirect. Elsevier Ltd. Retrieved from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0038012174900366?fbclid=IwAR1w2VC
a7Whx0gHKL6wgbve4-BToBFU30EMpWI3zHjahoAA6r70yCUufGUU
Blair, P., Collins, W., & Redelmeier, D. (1994). No place to unload_ A preliminary analysis of the
prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of ambulance diversion - ScienceDirect.
Retrieved October 10, 2018, from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196064494700060?fbclid=IwAR3vV--
D0b1oRJ0QYPBn5j72uBGIeXdxY5dUnIVmtKkobgoXBVAomMYjakY
Chan, T. C., Killeen, J., Griswold, W., & Lenert, L. (2004). Information Technology and
Emergency Medical Care during Disasters, 11(11).
https://doi.org/10.1197/j.aem.2004.08.018
Clair, J., & Jonas, D. (1998). Radio Communications Systems for EMS Services. Retrieved
October 23, 2018, from https://www.health.ny.gov/professionals/ems/policy/98-

Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
02.htm?fbclid=IwAR1HyUKwTqSa1iiv3eQG2kpl4WyEMzbJdNCiuYr4AVHq2dgSAQnyj
E2qvW0
Data, P. P. (2011). ( 12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No .: ity s SS San, 2(12).
Examiner, P., & Hofsass, J. A. (2000a). United States Patent ( 19 ), (19).
Examiner, P., & Hofsass, J. A. (2000b). United States Patent ( 19 ) 11 Patent Number :, (19).
Health, N. M. D. of. (2009). RADIO COMMUNICATIONS USERS MANUAL NEW MEXICO
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, (August), 0–26.
Hosseini, M., Berlin, R. B., & Sha, L. (2017). Physiology-Aware Rural Ambulance Routing.
Proceedings - 2017 IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics, ICHI 2017,
332–337. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICHI.2017.27
Luniewski, W., Zagrodzki, B., Szelejewski, W., & Skarzynski, M. (2010). (12) United States
Patent. World Pat., 2(12).
Mushtaq, F., & Ritchie, D. (2005). Do we know what people die of in the emergency
department ?, 718–721. https://doi.org/10.1136/emj.2004.018721
Sanders, S., & Francisco, S. (2009). ( 12 ) Patent Application Publication ( 10 ) Pub . No .: US
2009 / 0243878 A1, 1(19).
Sundar, R., Hebbar, S., & Golla, V. (2014). Implementing Intelligent Traffic Control System for
Congestion Control, Ambulance Clearance, and Stolen Vehicle Detection - IEEE Journals &
Magazine. IEEE. Retrieved from
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/6936857/authors
Tank, M. A. (2015). Review on Smart Traffic Control for Emergency Vehicles, 112(7), 1–3.
Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
Appendices

Research Proposal Gr.12 Version Final

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Research Proposal Gr.12 Version Final

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-PS

MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION

Early Advisory System

Of the Requirements for Research Subject

Senior High School Department

Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation University

Altovar, Eduardo Jr. B.

Casido, Cyril Jemuel C.

Maranan, Khen Zeimmer C.

I. Research Title: Early Advisory System for Ambulances

II. Name of Researchers:

Altovar, Eduardo Jr. B.

Casido, Cyril Jemuel C.

Maranan, Khen Zeimmer C.

Degree: Science Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) 12-A5

Researcher’s Contact Details:

09294651539 - Casido, Cyril Jemuel C.

09984237616- Jao, Jerome A.

09151339616- Capuno, Cail G.

09454532502- Maranan, Khen Zeimmer C.

09397264892- Altovar, Eduardo Jr. B.

Name of Research Adviser: Engr. Ronaldo Maaño

III. Research Proposal

Identification (RFID) in order to know the location of the ambulance.

Background of the Study

destination with no delay.

The inconvenience and/or struggle of ambulances to reach their destination through

patient to be treated immediately.

 Will the study be efficient at providing a concept of tracking and preemptive

 Will the system function properly with exposure to external factors?

the patients onboard an ambulance.

Significance of the Study

Scope and Delimitations

gathering the data.

Data & Software

Location- The identification of where an object is at a current time.

Signal-The one that transfers information to tell something

drivers for the upcoming ambulance carrying a patient.

Frequency- The fact or condition of occurring of how many times.

Relay- To transfer or to announce of the information.

where the information will be redirected to the right place.

 Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)

 Emergency Medical Service (EMS)

Review of Related Studies and Literature

ambulance that carry patients. (David Cone, 2012)

(Nicholl, West, Goodacre et al., 2016)

are transported to hospital. (The Times of India, 2016)

intercept to the ambulance. (Williams, 2014)

It also needed of a clinician to be in an ambulance to control major trauma patients. (Sinclaira,

Sinclaira, Donaldab et al., 2018)

relay system to advise. (Bygrave, Dineen, Norton, & Bell, 2009)

(Luniewski, Zagrodzki, Szelejewski, & Skarzynski, 2010)

application to find where the user is. (Data, 2011)

areas to a regional center hospital. (Hosseini, Berlin, & Sha, 2017)

patients would increase. (Pell, Sirel, Marsden, Ford et.al, 2001)

Reductions in ambulance diversions and ED overcrowding reflected a team effort, to

definitive care. (Mayer,1979)

can be used to transfer data. (Health, 2009)

through (Sundar, Hebbar, & Golla, 2014)

allocation problem and can be minimized if there were no other anomalies

(Berlin & Liebman, 1974)

delays emergency medical care (Blair, Collins, & Redelmeier, 1994)

Disaster response to mass‐casualty incidents represents one of the greatest challenges to

ambulance explains variation in mortality by time of admission : retrospective study of

department ?, 718–721. https://doi.org/10.1136/emj.2004.018721