CASE STUDY

(DENGUE FEVER)

Prepared by:

Shayne B. Guiriba

Presented To:

Sir. Aristotle Corpus

September 30, 2019

PATIENT HISTORY

Name of Patient: X

Admitting Diagnosis: Dengue Fever

Date of Admission: 09/07/19

A. Physician: Dr. Sicat

VITAL SIGNS:

TEMPERATURE: 38-39 ̊C

PULSE RATE: 88 beats per minutes

RESPIRATORY RATE: 22 per minute

A 12-year-old male was brought to the hospital, Saturday on

September 07, 2019 by his parents. The mother reports patient x

had a fever Thursday morning. The patient x is going to school,

after that the doctor was prescribed antibiotic medicine. By

Saturday if the fever goes back, they back to the hospital to

have a blood test. If the platelet become low, he will be

confined the hospital.

According to her mother this is the sign and symptoms of

dengue. Patient x had a headache then he has a fever, he is not

eating after he diagnoses in dengue, the fever is inconsistent,

it started in school and he also goes in the fiesta.

 INTRODUCTION

DENGUE FEVER

Dengue fever, also known as break bone fever, is a

mosquito-borne infection that can lead to a severe flulike
illness. It is caused by four different viruses and spread by
Aedes Mosquitoes. Symptoms range from mild to severe the best
method of prevention is to avoid mosquito bites.

Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease cause by any one of

four closely related dengue viruses (DENV -1-2-3-4). Infection
with one serotype of DENV provides immunity to that serotype for
life, but provides no long-term immunity to other serotypes.
Thus, a person can be infected as many as four times, once with
each serotype.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, also known as Severe Dengue, was

first recognized in the 1950s during dengue epidemics in the
Philippines and Thailand. Today, severe dengue affects most
Asian and Latin America countries and has become a leading cause
of hospitalization and death among children in these regions.
Typical cause of DHF are characterized by four major clinical
manifestation: high fever, hemorrhagic phenomena, and often,
hepatomegaly and circulatory failure.

Infected humans are the main carriers and multipliers of

the virus, serving as source of the virus for uninfected
mosquitoes, Patients who are already infected with the dengue
virus can transmit the infection (4-5 days, maximum 12) via
Aedes mosquitoes after first symptoms appear.
HERE ARE THE SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF DENGUE FEVER

 Sudden, high fever

 Severe headaches

 Pain behind the eyes

 Severe joint and muscle pain

 Fatigue

 Nausea

 Vomiting

 Skin rash two to five days after the onset of fever

NAME OF DENGUE MOSQUITO

The mosquito whose active that causes dengue is also known as

Female Aedes Egypt.

THERE ARE THE TWO TYPES OF DENGUE FEVER:

 SEVERE DENGUE FEVER

-Severe dengue can occur in adult in adult and children and

is potentially life-threating.

-dengue is a hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock

syndrome (DSS) referred to as severe dengue, are much less

common.

-Bleeding

-leukopenia (reduction in WBC)

 -intense headache

-aches and pains

-loss of appetite

-nausea

-vomiting

-skin rashes

 MODERATE DENGUE

 Characterized by high fever out with less

hemorrhage no shock.

 MILD DENGUE FEVER

-at first, symptoms of DHF maybe mild, but they gradually

worsen within a few days. As well as mild dengue symptoms,

there may be signs of internal bleeding. A person with

dengue hemorrhagic fever may experience:

-Bleeding from the mouth

-Gums,

-Nose and

-Clammy skin.
TREATMENT FOR DENGUE FEVER

There is no specific medicine to treat dengue infection. If you

think you may have dengue fever, you should use pain relievers

with acetaminophen and avoid medicines with aspirin, which could

worsen bleeding. You should also rest, drink plenty of fluids,

and see your doctor.

ORIGIN OF THE DENGUE DISEASE

-Dengue originated in monkeys and spilled over into humans

as long as 800, years ago. It was restricted to Africa and

Southeast Asia until the mid-20th century. The dengue

viruses in viremic individuals and their Aedes Egypti

mosquito vectors spread throughout tropical Southeast Asia

via maritime shipments.

 CAUSES

-Dengue fever is caused by any one of four types of dengue

viruses

-Spread by mosquitoes that thrive in and near human

lodgings.

-When a mosquito bites a person infected with a dengue

virus, the virus enters the mosquito.

 -When the infected moasquito then bites another person, the

virus enters that person bloodstream.

 RISK FACTORS

-Factors that put you at greater risk or developing dengue

fever or a more severe form of the disease include:

-Living or traveling in tropical areas

-Prior infection with dengue fever viruses.

 COMPLICATIONS

-If severe dengue fever can damage the lungs, liver or

heart. Blood pressure can drop to dangerous levels, causing

shock and, in same causes, death.

 PREVENTION

-One dengue fever vaccine, Dengvaxia, is currently approved

for use in those ages 9 to 45 that live in areas with a

high incidence of dengue fever. The vaccine is given in

three doses over the course of 12 months. Dengvaxia

prevents dengue infection slightly more than half the time.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DENGUE FEVER
 NURSING CARE PLAN

ASSESMENT DIAGNOSIS OUTCOME PLANNING INTERVENTION EVALUATION

IDENTIFICATIO
N
◦Objective ◦Low ◦The ◦after 2 continue after 4 hours
platelet patient hours of monitoring of nursing
-V/S . will be nursing intake and intervention
taken as feel good interventio output the goals was
follows: ◦Risk on drinking n client (accurately), partially, met
for water 8-10 will be character and as manifested
T- 38-39 fluid glass per able to: amount of by the
ºC volume day. stools, patients,
PR- 88 deficit Maintain vomiting and ability to
bpm related core bleeding. maintaine
RR- 22 to temperature adequate fluid
cpm decrease within continue volume as
BP- d fluid normal assessing evidenced by:
110/70 intake. range as vital signs
evidenced (BP, ◦patient was
by: pulse,temp.) relaxed
◦normal
body encourage temperature
temperatur patient to ◦good drinking
e is drink water a of water
lowered to day. ◦urine output
37 degree of 30-40.
celcius.