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AE 2016 Aug AD Lecture 9
AE 2016 Aug AD Lecture 9
Humidity
Expression of humidity
─ absolute humidity
─ specific humidity
─ relative humidity
2
Absolute humidity
Specific humidity
Relative humidity
4
Relative humidity (RH)
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RH is given as a percent
10 am :
T = 16°C
actual= 7 g/kg
capacity = 14 g/kg
7 / 14 × 100 = 50%
3 pm :
T = 32°C
actual = 7 g/kg
capacity = 35 g/kg
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7 / 35 × 100 = 20%
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Calculating RH from specific humidity
Solution:
1. Use graph to find
capacity amount
* The warmer the air is, the more vapor it can hold
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Air that attains its saturation vapor pressure has
established an equilibrium with a flat surface of water
If the air is at 100% RH, sweat will not evaporate into the
air. As a result, we feel much hotter than the actual temp.
when the RH is high
15
The most common units for vapor density are g/m3. For
example, if the actual vapor density is 10 g/m3 at 20°C
compared with the saturation vapor density at that temp. of
17.3 g/m3, then the RH is
10 g/m3
RH = × 100% = 57.8%
17.3 g/m3
RH is an important metric used in weather forecasts and
reports, as it is an indicator of the likelihood of precipitation,
dew, or fog. In hot summer weather, a rise in RH increases
the apparent temp. to humans (and other animals) by
hindering the evaporation of perspiration from the skin
The dew point is the temp. below which the water vapor in
a volume of humid air at a constant barometric pressure
will condense into liquid water
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In simpler terms, “dew point is the temp. at which the air
can no longer hold all of its water vapor, and some water
vapor must condense into liquid water”
At 100% RH, the dew point temp. and real temp. are the
same, and clouds or fog can begin to form
Frost formation:
deposition in place
ii. The humidity gradient away from the surface: The rate
and quantity of water vapor entering into the atm. both
become higher in drier air
─ the reason is that the dry wind replaces the moist air
near the water
─ fast moving wind and air currents bring fresh and dry
masses of air in contact with leaf surfaces. So,
higher the wind speed higher the T 29
(B) Plant factors
1. Plant height
2. Leaf characteristics
1. Convectional rainfall
The air near the ground becomes hot and light due to
heating of the ground by the sun
1. Root System
Plants use oxygen to burn sugar and make energy for life
processes
5. Water stress
These winds blow from the northeast for one half of the
year and from the southwest for the other half
─ When humid air rises over the ocean (to complete the
cycle), it begins to cool, causing precipitation over the
oceans
Asian monsoons