Trek - 60 THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES. EXAMINATIONS OF SEMESTER 1 December 2015 Cade and Name of Course: CVNG 3009 Highway Engineering Dateand Time: | $* December 2015, 9.00 am Duration: 3 Hours INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: ‘This paper has § pages and 5 questions. ‘The Use of Programmable Caleulators is Not Allowed. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS © The University of the West Indies Course Code CNG 3009 3015/9016 SomPage 2 1. (@) The following relationship between traffic speed and flow applies to a particular urban highway: 4 = 192u—44u Inu where q = flow in veb/hr. u= speed in kmv/hr, Calculate the following:- () The mean speed when the highway flow is at maximum capacity Gi) The capacity of the highway Gii) The density at maximum flow caracity (iv) The space mean free speed (v) The jam density [8 marks] (b) Plot diagrams to show the relationships between flow, speed and density given in Question 1(a). Use these diagrams to describe what happens when flow changes from uncongested to congested along the highway. (12 marks] 2. (a) Outline the steps involved in the Transportation Planning process, showing the role it plays in the improvement to mobility across transport zones. [10 marks} 2. (b) A vertical sag curve is to be designed to join a -2 percent grade to a +4 percent grade. For a design speed of 50 kar, determine the minimum length of the curve that will satisfy all minimum criteria, given the deceleration rate as 3.2 m/sec” and the perception-reaction time is 2.5 secs. [10 marks} (@) A wide two-lane road, 65 km long, is to be constructed and two alternative designs have been developed. The associated total construction cost, and the annual maintenance and road user costs of each alternative are given in Table 1. Using the Net Present Value (NPV) method, determine the best performing alternative for the next 20 ‘years at a discount rate of 12.0%. (10 marks} Table 1. Costs per km of Design Alternatives ($) ‘Altemative | Construction ‘Annual ‘Annual Cost Maintenance Cost | Road User Cost | | I I 0 155,191 16,162,373 12,147,869 38.642 10,782,671 3 18,941,113 24,518 8,739,627 3. (b) The alternatives in question 3 (a) above have associated measures of effectiveness according to Table 2. Using the NPV as the measure of effectiveness for the investment, select the sustainable alternative for implementation. [10 marks} wiadee7 tTable 2. Measures of Effectiveness “Measures of Effectiveness (for Altematives) Objectives Rank [7Do minimum | 2. Overlay | 3. Reconstruction Social Impact z 9 4 5 EIA z 3 6 3 Senive Life yrs 1 2 7 8 ‘Vehicle Emissions, vkemiyr | 2 3 3 3 Economic Retums, TPWC | 2 | From3.a__| From3.a | From 3.0 A two lane highway is to be constructed over a clay subgrade with CBR values given in Table 3, to carry an average daily traffic of 21,574veh/day, with the traffic stream percentage composition and damage factors as given in Table 4. The average annual traffic growth rate is 3.0 %. Drainage is excellent and the soil is saturated for less than 1% of the time, Using the material properties and the information given in Appendix 1, determine a suitable flexible pavement structure design for a reliability of 95 %, a standard deviation of 0.3, and a change in PSI of 2.0 over a 20-year design life. (20 marks} ‘Table 3. Subgrade Soaked CBR Test Results [fest |i ]2]3[4[s[6[7]8]9[ 10] 11; [cor %[2[3|s{6|2[4[a[s[6l6 [s [7 Table 4. Vehicle Data » Damage Vehicle Type % in Traffic Stream Factor Car 64.7 0.0001 suv 38 0.0011 Pickup 8.1 0.0023 ‘Small Maxi 29 0.0066 Large Maxi 03 0.0511, Light Truck 54 0.0748 Med Truck 72 0.4759 Heavy Truck 46 3.0027 Art Truck 27 4.6876 Bus 03 2.2444 Write notes on the following with sketches where appropriate: (@) Design Appraisal of a standard two-lane main road in mountainous terrain. [8 marks] (b) The role of quality assessment in the Pavement Management Cycle (12 marks]Page 4 Appendix 1. Question 4: Table 1.1 Drainage Layer Coefficients ‘Percent of Time Pavement Structure is Exposed to Moisture Levels Approaching Saturation Quality of Less Than Greater Than Drainage 1% 16 5.28% 25% Excellent 140-135, 135-130 130-1 20, 120 Good 135-125 125-115 115-1 00 100 Fair 425-115 115-105 1 00-0 80, 080 Poor 1 15-105 1 05-0 80 0 80-0 60 060 Very poor 105-0 95 095-075 075-0 40 040 Table 1.2. Pavement Material Properties Layer Structural Layer Coefficient | M,, psi ‘Asphalt Surfacing 0.45 5 Aggregate Base 0.14 30,000 Granular Subbase 0.10 15,000Page 5 Appendix 1, Question 4: Figure 1.1 AASHTO Pavement Design Nomograph 8 iZ i Fr L. § i ted : + at 8 7 ea : i BASE = F 4 eee . is Fe 3 (59) 47 ‘sninpoyy wensseu Q Seen 1s pogpaou aca43 a Ea re i 3 fié ; g 2 » a (Svonay AA‘ svoqoonddy poor oxy aug 4 alee, ow ont i ‘NowoGRARH SOLVES: w 018 2 (ey “Gn9010H