Excel Review Center GEAS QA 3

Q: What is the unit of stress? Q: What is the maximum shear stress of a Q: It is a measure of the stiffness of a material
A: Pa or psi hollow circular shaft? determined by the slope of the straight line
16TD portion on the stress-strain diagram
A: τmax = Excel Review Center
Q: What is the unit of strain?
A: unitless / dimensionless (
π D 4 − d4 ) A: Modulus of Elasticity (Young’s Modulus)

Q: Young’s modulus is a constant that relates

Q: What is the unit of Young’s Modulus?
A: Pa or psi
Q: What is the unit of Shear Modulus?
A: Pa or psi
Q: It is defined as the ratio of the change in
length per original length, or the deformation
of a physical body under the action of
applied forces.
A: Strain
Q: It refers to the internal resistance offered by
a unit area of the material from which a
member is made to an externally applied
load.
A: Stress Excel Review Center
Q: The bulk modulus is a constant that relates
the pressure acting on an object to ______.
A: the fractional change in volume
Q: Who first postulated that axial stress is
proportional to axial strain in 1678?
A: Robert Hooke
Q: It refers to the maximum safe stress that a
material can carry.
A: Working stress
Q: It occurs when a member carries a load that
is perpendicular to its long axis while being
supported in a stable manner.
A: Bending stress
Q: It refers to the value of stress on the stress-
strain diagram at which the curve first
deviates from a straight line.
A: Proportional Limit
Q: It is the maximum stress that may be
developed during a simple tension test such
that the stress is a linear function of strain.
A: Proportional limit
Q: It refers to the value of stress on the stress-
strain diagram at which the material has
deformed plastically (it will no longer return
to its original size and shape once the load
is removed)
A: Elastic limit
the force per unit are applied perpendicularly
at the surface of an object to ______.
A: the fractional change in length
Q: Young’s modulus can be used to calculate
the strain for a stress that is _________.
A: well below the yield strength
Q: What property of a material refers to its
ability to absorb applied energy without
failure?
A: Toughness
Q: What property of a material refers to its
resistance to indentation by a penetrator?
A: Hardness
Q: What refers to the measure of the resistance
to twisting?
A: Torque
Q: It refers to materials that are hard, brittle,
good insulators of electricity and heat and
very resistance to high temperatures.
A: Ceramics

Q: What refers to the components of the total Q: It refers to the value of stress on the stress- Q: It refers to materials that have a large
resistance to sliding the portion to one side strain diagram at which there is significant number of non-localized electrons and as an
of the exploratory section past the other? increase in strain with little or no increase in effect, are very good conductors of electricity
A: Shear forces stress. and heat.
A: Yield point A: Metals
Q: What refers to the measure of the total
resistance to sliding? Q: It refers to the point at which there is an Q: It refers to materials that are composed of
A: Shear force appreciable elongation of the material more than one material type and are
without any corresponding increase in the designed to display a combination of the
Q: It occurs when a cutting action is applies as load. best characteristics of each component
you would see in scissors or punches. A: Yield Point material.
A: Direct shear A: Composites
Q: The ______ of a solid is the stress at which
Q: It refers to the pulling or pushing action the sample breaks. Q: It refers to materials whose atomic
perpendicular to the sectional area. A: ultimate arrangement occurs as periodic, repeating
A: Axial forces structures over large distances.
Q: It refers to the region from zero stress to the A: Crystalline
Q: A force in tension will cause the member to elastic limit wherein the deformations are
____ its length. recoverable. Q: It refers to an elemental solid having a
A: increase A: Elastic range different crystal structure, usually due to the
prevailing temperature and pressure.
Q: A force in compression will cause the Q: What refers to the lateral contraction per unit A: Allotrope
member to ____ its length. length over the longitudinal elongation per
A: decrease Excel Review Center unit length? Q: It is a metal that is alloyed with steel to give
A: Poisson’s Ratio it corrosive resistant properties, resulting to
Q: It is the transfer of axial stress from one “stainless steel”.
member to another. Q: What is the Poisson’s ratio of a material if A: Chromium
A: Bearing stress the Young’s Modulus is 2.5 times the
modulus of rigidity? Q: What element is used in modern, super
Q: What is the elongation of springs after A: 0.25 strong permanent magnets because of their
application of tensile forces? high coercivities?
64PR3n Q: What is the maximum value of Poisson’s A: Neodymium
A: δ = ratio for any given solid subjected to triaxial
Gd4 Q: What is the deterioration of a material due to
forces?
A: 0.5 Excel Review Center interaction with diverse environments which
Q: What is the maximum shear stress of heavy lead to the degradation of its material
helical springs with n number of turns? properties?
Q: A ductile material is one that can be
16PR ⎡ 4m − 1 0.615 ⎤ D stretched, formed or drawn to a significant A: Corrosion
A: τmax = ⎢ + ; m=
πd3 ⎣ 4m − 4 m ⎥⎦ d degree before fracture. A metal that exhibits
a percent elongation greater than ___% is Q: It is a colorless solid capable of being cut
considered to be ductile. into brilliant crystals that is the hardest, most
Q: What is the polar moment of inertia of a solid
A: 5 abrasive mineral known.
circular shaft? A: Diamond
π 4 Q: A brittle material is one that fails suddenly
A: J = d
32 under load with little or no plastic Q: The ability of a material to absorb energy in
deformation. A metals that exhibits a percent the plastic range.
Q: What is the polar moment of inertia of a elongation ____ 5% is considered to be A: Toughness
hollow circular shaft? brittle.
A: less than Q: It refers to the ease with which a metal can
π 4
A: J =
32
(
D − d4 ) be machined to an acceptable surface finish.
A: Machinability
Q: What is the ratio of shearing stress to
shearing strain?
Q: What is the maximum shear stress of a solid A: Modulus of Rigidity (Shear Modulus) Q: The reciprocal of Bulk Modulus of any fluid
circular shaft? is called ________.
16T Q: What is the ratio of axial stress to axial strain A: Compressibility
A: τmax = Excel Review Center
πd3 or simple strain?
A: Modulus of Elasticity (Young’s Modulus) Excel Review Center

1
Excel Review Center
Q: The most important difference between steel
and concrete is the difference in strain
between the two. Steel stretches a lot more
than concrete, therefore, steel is considered
a ____ material and concrete is considered
a ____ material.
A: ductile, brittle
Q: What principle or law states that each point
on a wavefront may be considered a new
wave source?
A: Huygen’s Principle
Q: The collision between a photon and a free
electron was first explained by which
scientist?
A: Compton
Q: The wave nature of light is demonstrated by
what phenomena:
A: Reflection, Refraction and Diffraction
Q: Assume that a ray of light is incident on a
smooth reflecting surface at an angle of
incidence of 15 degrees to the normal. What
is the angle between the incident ray and the
reflected ray?
A: 30 degrees
Q: The focal length of a concave spherical
mirror is 1 m. What is the radius of curvature
of the mirror?
A: 2 m Excel Review Center
Q: The focal length is positive for a ______.
A: Concave mirror
Q: It is the blurring of the image produced on a
concave mirror due to the convergence of
rays far from the mirror to other points on the
principal axis.
A: Spherical Aberration
Q: In geometrical optics, a ray of light traverses
from one point to another by a route which
takes the least time.
A: Fermat’s Principle
Q: What is the momentum of a photon?
hv
A:
c A: J/K
Q: What is the intensity of light at a distance r
from a point of source with power W and
pressure P?
I W
A: P = = Excel Review Center
c 4πr 2c
Q: It refers to a type of illusion formed by light
rays coming from the low region of the sky in
front of the observer on a sunny day.
A: Mirage
Q: It is the type of lens that is needed to correct
myopia or nearsightedness.
A: Diverging Lens
Q: It is the type of lens that is needed to correct
hyperopia or farsightedness.
A: Converging Lens
Q: What type of mirror produces no image
when the object is at the focal point?
A: Concave/Converging Mirror
Q: It is a type of mirror that always produces a
smaller and an upright image.
A: Convex/Diverging Mirror
Q: These are lenses that make a set of parallel
rays converge after refraction. It forms real
images when the object is farther from the
lens that the principal focus and virtual
images when the object is between the lens
and the principal focus.
A: Convex/Converging Lens
Excel Review Center
GEAS QA 3
Q: For a combination of two thin lenses, how do Q: A vector has a magnitude of 12. When its
you get the effective focal length? tail is at the origin it lies between the positive
1 1 1 ff x axis and the negative y axis and makes an
A: = + ; f = 1 2 angle of 30 degrees with the x axis. Its y
f f1 f2 f1 + f2
component is:
A: - 6
Q: Each portion of a wav front acts a source of
new waves. Q: If the x component of a vector A is half as
A: Huygen’s Principle large as the magnitude of the vector, the
tangent of the angle between the vector and
Q: It is the amount by which the lens an change the x axis is:
the curvature of a wave. A: 3/2
A: Power of the lens (Diopter)
Q: A certain vector in the xy plane has an x
Q: It is the process wherein the cornea-lens component of 4 m and a y component of 10
system refracts light and focus the image of m. It is then rotated in the xy plane so its x
an object upon the retinal surface. component is doubled. Its new y component
A: Accomodation is about ____.
A: 7.2 m Excel Review Center
Q: What is the rms speed of gas molecules as
a function of temperature? Q: If the magnitude of the sum of two vectors is
3RT less than the magnitude of either vector,
A: v rms = Excel Review Center then _____.
M A: the scalar product of the vectors must be
negative
Q: What is the kinetic energy of ideal gas
molecules as a function of temperature? Q: A vector A points vertically upward and
3 vector B points towards the north. The vector
A: KE = RT product AxB is:
2
A: Along the west
Q: What is the unit of the molar gas constant?
A: J/mol-K Q: A vector is not changed if:
A: It is slid parallel to itself
Q: What is the unit of the permittivity of free
space? Q: The minimum number of vectors of equal
A: F/m magnitude required to produce zero
resultant is:
Q: What is the SI unit of magnetic field? A: Two
2
A: Tesla (Wb/m )
Q: The minimum number of vectors of unequal
Q: What is the SI unit of magnetic flux? magnitude required to produce a zero
2
A: Weber (kg-m /A-s )
2 resultant is:
A: Three
Q: What is the SI unit of electric field?
A: V/m Q: Which of the following is not essential for
three vectors to produce zero resultant?
Q: What is the SI unit of electric flux? A: They should act along the sides of a
A: V-m parallelogram
Q: What is the SI unit of entropy? Q: What can be the angle between vectors P +
Q and P – Q?
Excel Review Center
A: Between 0 degrees and 180 degrees
Q: A vector A of magnitude 6 and another
vector B of unknown magnitude has a sum Q: What is the angle between AxB and BxA?
A: 180 degrees
of magnitude 12. Vector T must have a
magnitude of ____.
Q: Angular momentum is:
A: at least 6 but not greater than 18
A: an axial vector ,Excel Review Center
Q: It consists of two forces, equal in magnitude,
in parallel, but in opposite directions. Q: A vector is not changed if:
A: couple A: it is slid parallel to itself
Q: A vector may change if:
(
Q: What is A ⋅ B × C ?) A: vector is rotated
A: 1
Q: The product of energy and time is called
(
Q: What is A ⋅ A × B ?) action. The dimensional formula for action is
same as that for:
A: 0 A: impulse x distance
Q: If vectors A + B = A + B and neither A nor B Q: These are forces whose lines of action
all pass through a common point.
vanish, then ________. A: concurrent forces
A: A and B are parallel and in the same
direction Q: To calculate for the force exerted on a
charged particle by a magnetic field,
Q: If vectors A − B = A + B and neither A nor B _________ is used.
A: vector product
vanish, then ________.
A: A and B are parallel and in the opposite Q: Two vibrating particles that are out of phase
direction differ in phase of their vibration by:
A: one-half cycle
Q: If vectors A and B lie in the xy plane, we can
say that vector A = vector B if _______.
Q: An electroscope charged without contacting
A: A x + A y = B x + By a charged body is charged by:
A: Induction
Excel Review Center
Q: ML2T-2 represents:
A: Moment of Force
2
Excel Review Center GEAS QA 3
Q: What is electric (electrostatic force) between Q: A copper rod which is 1 cm in diameter Q: A man’s life was saved in a car accident
two charges separated by distance r? carries a current of 5 A. The current is because the airbag expanded in front of his
kq q distributed uniformly throughout the rod. The head. If the car had no airbag, the
A: F = 12 2 magnetic field halfway between the axis of windshield would have stopped the motion
r the rod and its outside edge is: of his head in a much shorter time.
A: circles the axis of the rod Compared to the windshield, the airbag
Q: What is the electric field for a point charge q ______.
at a distance r? Q: In Bohr’s theory of the atom, what force is A: exerts a much smaller force
kq responsible for holding the electrons in their
A: E = Excel Review Center
r orbit? Q: It is the change of momentum.
A: Coulomb force or the force of attraction A: Impulse
Q: What is the electric field for a sphere of between the proton and the electron
radius R of uniform charge distribution at a Q: It is the rate of change of momentum.
distance r? Q: What term refers to the average speed of A: Force
charge carriers in electromagnetics?
kqr kq
A: E = (r ≤ R) or E = 2 (r ≥ R) A: Drift Speed Q: The physical quantity “impulse” has the
R2 r same dimensions as that of ____.
Q: Induced electric currents can be explained A: momentum
Q: What is the electric field for a hollow sphere using what law?
with radius R of uniform charge distribution A: Faraday’s Law Q: Two bodies of unequal mass, placed at rest
at a distance r? on a frictionless surface, are acted on by
kq Q: The Tesla and the Gauss are units of equal horizontal forces for equal times. Just
A: E = 0 (r < R) or E = (r > R) measure of: after these forces are removed, the body of
r2
A: Magnetic Field Strength greater mass will have _____.
A: the same momentum as the other body
Q: What is the electric potential energy
Q: The energy of a quantum of electromagnetic
between two charges?
radiation is ___ frequency of the Q: If the total momentum of a system is
kq q electromagnetic radiation. changing, then _______.
A: U = 1 2
r A: Directly proportional to A: a net external force must be acting on the
system
Q: What is the surface charge density coming Q: An electric field caused by an infinite uniform
from a charge q at a distance r? line charge will produce an equipotential Q: If a wheel turns with constant angular speed,
surface that is then the wheel turns through _____.
q
A: σ = A: cylindrical A: equal angles in equal times
4πr 2
Q: 1 erg of energy (erg is the cgs unit of Q: The rotational inertia of a wheel about its
Q: “When a strip of conductor carries a dc energy) is equivalent to ___ J (J is the SI axle does not depend upon its _____.
current along its length, a magnetic field set unit of energy) A: speed of rotation
up in a particular direction produces a A: 10
-7

magnetic field sideways. The charge then
builds up on one side and establishes a
potential across the width of the strip.”
A: The Hall Effect
Q: If the electric field and magnetic fields are
crossed i.e. arranged at right angles then the
charged particle is undeflected. This
condition is known as _______.
A: Null deflection
Q: What is the unit of magnetic flux?
A: Weber
Q: What is the SI unit of magnetic flux density?
A: Tesla
Q: 1 Tesla (T) = ____ Gauss (G)
4
A: 10
Q: For a negative point charge, the electric field
vectors:
A: point radially in towards the charge
Q: For an infinite sheet of positive charge, the
electric field lines:
A: are perpendicular to the sheet of charge and
point away
Q: A circuit which employs a direct current
source has a branch which contains a
capacitor. After the circuit has reached a
steady state, what is the magnitude of the
current in the circuit branch which contains
the capacitor?
A: The current is zero.
Q: A charged particle is moving in a uniform
magnetic field. If the direction of the motion
of the charged particle is parallel to the
magnetic field, describe the shape of the
charged particle’s path.
A: Straight line
Q: An infinitely long wire carries a current of
three amperes. The magnetic field outside
the wire:
A: circles the wire
Q: Iron is what type of a magnetic material?
A: Ferromagnetic
Q: 1 dyne of force (dyne is the cgs unit of force)
is equivalent to ____ N (N is the SI unit of
force).
-5
A: 10
Q: The displacement of a particle is
proportional to the cube of time. The
magnitude of its acceleration:
A: Zero
Q: For the motion on a straight line path with
constant acceleration, the ratio of the
magnitude of displacement to the distance
covered is:
A: 1
Q: For the motion on a curved path with
constant acceleration, the ratio of the
magnitude of the displacement to the
distance covered is:
A: Less than 1
Q: A simple pendulum hangs from the roof of a
moving train. The string is inclined towards
the rear of the train. What is the nature of
the motion of the train?
A: Accelerated
Q: The slope of the velocity-time graph for
motion with uniform velocity is equal to:
A: Zero
Q: The slope of the velocity-time graph for
retarded motion is:
A: Negative Excel Review Center
Q: A particle moves along a straight line path.
After some time, it comes to rest. The motion
with an acceleration whose direction with
respect to displacement is:
A: Negative throughout the motion
Q: What is the SI unit of capacitance?
A: Farad
Q: It is the impossibility of knowing both the
precise location and velocity of subatomic
particle at the same time.
A: Uncertainty principle
3
Q: Two uniform circular disks having the same
mass and the same thickness are made
from different materials. The disk with the
smaller rotational inertia is the one made
from _____.
A: the more dense material
Q: A uniform solid cylinder made of lead has
the same mass and the same length as a
uniform solid cylinder made of wood. The
rotational inertia of the lead cylinder
compared to the wooden one is _____.
A: less
Q: What should you do to increase the
rotational inertia of a solid disk about its axis
without changing its mass?
A: drill holes near the axis and put the material
near the rim
Q: A force with a given magnitude is to be
applied to a wheel. The torque can be
maximized by applying a force _____.
A: at the rim, tangent to the wheel
Q: The expression τ = Iα for an object rotating
about a fixed axis is a consequence of
_____.
A: Newton’s Second Law
Q: For the hydrogren atom, what series
describes electron transitions to the N = 1
orbit, the lowest energy electron orbit?
A: Lyman Series
Q: Coulomb per second is a unit of ______.
A: electric current
Q: For an object moving in uniform circular
motion, the direction of the instantaneous
acceleration vector is ______.
A: directed radially inward
Q: Work is equal to the ______ product of force
and displacement.
A: dot Excel Review Center
Q: The work done by friction is always _____.
A: negative
Excel Review Center
Q: As defined in physics, work is a _____
quantity.
A: scalar Excel Review Center
Q: In physics, radians per second is a unit of:
A: angular velocity
Q: If the resultant force acting on a body of
constant mass is zero, the body’s
momentum is:
A: constant
Q: What condition should hold such that the net
force and the net torque on a rigid body will
both vanish?
A: The rigid body should be in equilibrium
Q: For an object in equilibrium, the net torque
acting on it vanishes only if each torque is
calculated about _____.
A: the same point
Q: For a body to be in equilibrium under the
combined action of several forces, the sum
of the components of all forces in any
direction must be ____.
A: zero
Q: For a body to be in equilibrium under the
combined action of several forces, the sum
of the torque about any point must be ____.
A: zero
Q: When will the center of gravity coincide with
the center of mass of the body?
A: Only if the acceleration due to gravity is
uniform over the body
Q: The location of ______ within an object
might depend on the orientation of the
object.
A: center of gravity
Q: A cylinder placed so it can roll on a
horizontal tabletop, with its center of gravity
above its geometrical center, is in _____
equilibrium.
A: unstable
Q: A cylinder placed so it can roll on a
horizontal tabletop, with its center of gravity
below its geometrical center, is in _____
equilibrium.
A: stable
Q: Two wheels roll side by side without sliding,
at the same speed. The radius of wheel 2 is
twice the radius of wheel 1. The angular
velocity of wheel 2 is _____ of wheel 1.
A: half the angular velocity
Q: It states that “the induced current will appear
in such a direction that it opposes the
change that produced it”
A: Lenz Law
Q: It is defined as the luminous flux divided by
area.
A: Illumination / Illuminance
Q: What is the SI unit for pressure?
A: Pascal
Q: It states that the moment of force about any
point is equal to the algebraic sum of all
moments of the components of the force
about that point.
A: Varignon's theorem
Q: To shear a cube-shaped object, forces of
equal magnitude and opposite directions
might be applied to _______.
A: opposite faces, parallel to the faces
Q: The value G, the universal gravitational
constant, was measured experimentally first
by:
A: Cavendish
Q: Two steel balls are at a distance d from one
another. As the mass of one of the balls is
doubled, what happens to the gravitational
force of attraction between them?
A: It will double
Q: If the distance between the earth and the
moon were halved, the force of attraction
between them would be:
A: Four times as great
Q: As a longitudinal wave moves through a
medium, the particles of the medium vibrate
in what manner?
A: They vibrate in a path parallel to the path of
the wave
Q: As a simple pendulum is raised to higher
altitudes, what happens to the period?
A: The period increases
Q: Under force to voltage analogy, resistance is
analogous to
A: Damping
Q: It is the tendency of a body at rest to
remain at rest, and of a body in motion
to continue moving with unchanged
velocity.
A: Inertia
Q: It is a tangential force acting on an
object that opposes the sliding of that
object across an adjacent surface with
which it is in contact.
A: Frictional force
Q: If the units of force and length are doubles,
the unit of energy will be:
A: 4 times
Q: Kilogram-meter per second is the unit of:
A: Momentum
2
Q: It is the unit that denotes dimensions ML /Q
2 spheres are perfectly elastic?
where Q denotes electric charge.
A: Henry
Q: It represents the correct dimensions of the
coefficient of viscosity.
A: ML T
-1 -1
Q: An iron sphere and a wooden sphere of the
same mass are projected upwards in air with
a velocity v in m/s. Neglecting the effect of
viscosity:
A: Wooden sphere will rise higher
Q: Wind is blowing west to east along two
parallel tracks. Two trains moving with same
speed in opposite directions have the steam
track one double than other. The speed of
each train is:
A: Three times that of the wind
Q: Bernoulli’s Theorem is a consequence of the
law of conservation of:
A: Energy
Q: Water is flowing through a long horizontal
tube. If Pa and Pb are the pressures at two
points A and B of the tube, then:
A: Pa and Pb are equal only if the cross-
sectional area at A and B are equal
Q: In order that a floating object be in a stable
equilibrium, its meta center should be:
A: Vertically above its center of gravity
Q: The density of ice is 0.9 g/cc. What
percentage by volume of the block of ice
floats outside the water?
A: 10%
Q: A and B are two metallic pieces. They are
fully immersed in water and then weighed.
Now they show same loss of weight. The
conclusion is:
A: A and B have equal volumes
GEAS QA 3
Q: In fluid mechanics, this shows that the
pressure of a fluid decreases as the speed
of the fluid increases. In addition, the
pressure of a fluid decreases as the
elevation increases.
A: Bernoulli’s Equation
Q: A type of annuity where the payments are
made at the start of each period, beginning
from the first period.
A: Annuity due
Q: A particle of mass m is moving in a circular
path of constant radius r such that its
centripetal acceleration a varies with time t
as a = k 2rt 2 where k is a constant. What is
the power delivered to the particle by the
forces acting on it?
A: P = mk 4r 2t 5 / 3
Q: A curve on a highway has a radius of
curvature r. The curved road is banked at θ
with the horizontal. If the coefficient of static
friction is µ, what is the maximum speed that
the car can go over the curve without
skidding?
A: (
gr µ + tanθ )
Q: A small object of mass m is projected
horizontally with velocity v. It hits a spring of
spring constant k attached inside an opening
of a block resting on a frictionless surface.
What is the compression of the spring noting
that the block will slide due to the impact?
mM
A: x = v Excel Review Center
k(m + M)
Q: Two equal spheres of mass 4m are at rest
and another sphere of mass m is moving
along their lines of centers between them.
How many collisions will there be if the
A: There will be 2 collisions
Q: A carbon-14 nucleus which is radioactive
decays into a beta particle, a neutrino and
N-14 nucleus. In a particular decay, the beta
particles has a momentum p and the
nitrogen nucleus has momentum of
magnitude 4p/3 at an angle of 90 degrees to
p. In what direction do you expect the
neutrino to be emitted and what would be its
momentum?
A: 5p/3, 126 degrees with respect to the beta
particle
Q: If a particle of mass m collides elastically
with on of mass M at rest, and if the former
is scattered at an angle θ and the latter
recoils at an angle β with respect to the line
of motion of the incident particle, what is the
ratio of m to M?
A: =
(
m sin 2β + θ )
M sinθ
Q: If k is the radius of gyration, what is the ratio
2 2
k /r for a hollow cylinder?
A: 1
Q: If k is the radius of gyration, what is the ratio
2 2
k /r for a hollow sphere?
A: 2/3 Excel Review Center
Q: If k is the radius of gyration, what is the ratio
2 2
k /r for a solid cylinder?
A: 1/2
Q: If k is the radius of gyration, what is the ratio
2 2
k /r for a solid sphere?
A: 2/5
Q: What is the moment of inertia of an object as
a function of its radius of gyration?
A: I = Mk 2