Hemholtz Energies

Chem 153: Physical Chemistry I (Santiago)

Just remember you have FUTS.

 Spontaneity at Constant T and V. At constant T and V, a change in system is

spontaneous if
dAT, V < 0
A negative value of dA is favored by a negative value of dU and a positive value of T dS.
 Interpretation. The system doesn’t move from a higher energy A to a lower energy A.
Instead, the system achieves a greater value of Suniv. dS is the total entropy change of the
system, -dU/T is the entropy change of the surroundings, and their total tends to a maximum.
 Maximum Work. At constant T and V, the change in Hemholtz function is equal to the
maximum work
dwmax = dA