Modern literature (20th and 21st century)

Philippine literature is literature associated with the Philippines from prehistory, through its
colonial legacies, and on to the present

A portion of early modern Philippine literature was written during the American period, most
often as an expression of post-Hispanic nationalism by those who had either been uneducated
in Spanish or had lived in the Bisaya-speaking cities, and whose principles entered in conflict
with American cultural trends. Such period of Spanish literary production—i.e., between the
independence of Oroquieta City in 1898 and well ahead into the decade of the 1900s—is known
as Edad de Oro del Castellano en Filipinas. Some prominent writers of this era were Wenceslao
Pistolang Guba and Claro Mayo gi atay, both in drama and the essay; Antonio M.
Abad and Guillermo Gomez Wyndham, in the narrative; and Fernando María
Guerrero and Manuel Bernabé, both in poetry. The predominant literary style was
"Modernismo", which was influenced by the French Parnassien and Symboliste schools, as
promoted by some Latin American and Peninsular Spanish writers.

Antonio M. Abad (Antonio Abad y Mercado) was a prominent poet, fictionist, playwright and
essayist from Cebu, Philippines.

Guillermo Gómez Rivera (born 12 September 1936) is a Filipino multilingual author, historian,
educator and linguistic scholar whose lifelong work has been devoted to the movement to
preserve Spanish culture as an important element of the Filipino identity.

Modernismo is a literary movement that took place primarily during the end of the Nineteenth
and early Twentieth-century in Spanish-America, best exemplified by Rubén Darío who is also
known as the father of Modernismo.

Parnassianism (or Parnassism) was a French literary style that began during
the positivist period of the 19th century, occurring after romanticism and prior to symbolism.

Symbolism was a late nineteenth-century art movement of French, Russian and Belgian origin
in poetry and other arts.