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Problem Set #2 1. The Gas CO: 2 2 o 2 AB - 5 2 o 2 - 7 2 - 6 2
Problem Set #2 1. The Gas CO: 2 2 o 2 AB - 5 2 o 2 - 7 2 - 6 2
Problem set #2
1. The gas CO2 is diffusing at steady state through a tube 0.20 m long having a diameter of
0.01 m and containing N2 at 298oK. The total pressure is constant at 101.32 kpa. The partial
pressure of CO2 at one end is 456 mmHg and 76 mm Hg at the other end. The diffusivity DAB
is 1.67×10-5 m2/s at 298oK. Calculate the flux of CO2 in cgs and SI units for equimolar
counterdiffusion.
Ans: 1.7110-7 mol/cm2s = 1.7110-6 kmol/m2s
2. Helium and nitrogen gas are contained in a conduit 5 mm in diameter and 0.1 m long at
298oK and a uniform constant pressure of 1.0 atm abs. The partial pressure of He at one end
of the tube is 0.060 atm and 0.020 atm at the other end. The diffusivity of Helium in nitrogen
at 298oK is 6.87×10-5 m2/s. Calculate the following for steady-state equimolar
counterdiffusion.
a) Flux of he in kmol/s∙m2.
b) Flux of N2.
c) Partial pressure of He at a point of 0.05 from either end.
Ans:
a) 1.12410-6 kmol/s∙m2.
b) 1.12410-6 kmol/s∙m2
c) 0.04 atm
3. Assuming air to be composed exclusively of O 2 and N2, with their partial pressure in the
ratio 0.21:0.79, what are their mass fractions?
Ans:
Mass fraction of O2 = 0.233, Mass fraction of N2 = 0.767
4. A mixture of CO2 and N2 is in a container at 25oC, with each species having a partial
pressure of 1 bar. Calculate the molar concentration in kmol/m 3, the mass density in kg/m3,
the mole fraction, and the mass fraction of each species.
Ans:
Let A = CO2, B = N2
CA = CB = 4.0310-2 kmol/m3
A = 1.775 kg/m3, B = 1.13 kg/m3
Mass fraction of CO2 = 0.611, Mass fraction of N2 = 0.389
5. A thin plastic membrane is used to separate helium from a gas stream. Under steady-state
conditions the concentration of helium in the membrane is known to be 0.02 and 0.005
kmol/m3 at the inner and outer surfaces, respectively. If the membrane is 1 mm thick and the
binary diffusion coefficient of helium with respect to the plastic is 10 -9 m2/s, what is the
diffusive flux?
Ans: 1.510-8 kmol/s∙m2
Ans:
(a) 1106 W/m3
(b) a = 120oC, b = 104oC/m, and c = 105 oC/m2
(c) a = 220oC, b = 104oC/m, and c = 105 oC/m2
a heat flux qo" (W/m2), all of which is absorbed at the bonded surface. The back
of the substrate is maintained at T1 while the free surface of the film is exposed to air
at T and a convection heat transfer coefficient h.
(a) Show the thermal circuit representing the steady-state heat transfer situation. Be sure
to label all elements, nodes, and heat rates. Leave in symbolic form.
(b) Assume the following conditions: T = 20oC, h = 50 W/m2K, and T1 = 30oC.
"
Calculate the heat flux q o
that is required to maintain the bonded surface at To =
60oC.
Ans: (b) 2833 W/m2
10.1 The wind chill, which is experienced on a cold, windy day, is related to increased heat
transfer from exposed human skin to the surrounding atmosphere. Consider a layer of fatty
tissue that is 3 mm thick and whose interior surface is maintained at a temperature of 36 oC.
On a calm day the convection heat transfer coefficient at the outer surface is 25 W/m 2K, but
with 30 km/h winds it reaches 65 W/m2K. In both cases the ambient air temperature is
15oC.
(a) What is the ratio of the heat loss per unit area from the skin for the calm day to that
for the windy day?
(b) What will be the skin outer surface temperature for the calm day? For the windy day?
(c) What temperature would the air have to assume on the calm day to produce the same
heat loss occurring with the air temperature at 15oC on the windy day?
Ans:
(a) 0.553
(b) Calm day Ts,2 = 22.1oC, windy day Ts,2 = 10.8oC
(c) T = -54.6oC.