ENSAYO

DNA – TIPIFICACION
MORFOFISIOLOGIA

INTEGRANTES
VALERY POLO PEÑA
VALENTINA AGUIRRE JULIO

21 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 2019

FUNDACION UNIVERSITARIA
MARIA CANO
SEDE CALI
 DNA is a molecule that stores genetic information for human development. The DNA
sequence is composed of coding and non-coding regions, where the coding region is a
section of DNA called exon that contains the instructions for the production of a particular
protein. These exons are found within genes that are separated by non-coding regions
called introns, these regions constitute 95% of the DNA, the other 5% is made up of genes.

The DNA is composed of individual nucleotides that bind together consisting of a

phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), and 4 nitrogenous bases (Adenine,
Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine), with this base sequence in the DNA determines the
genetic code of an individual, where Adenina joins Thymine and Cytosine Guanine.

Most of the DNA is packed with proteins to form microscopic structures called
chromosomes, these are found in the nucleus and can be made visible through a
microscope.

Each cell in the human body contains 22 pairs of chromosomes and two sex
chromosomes, with the exception of an ovule and sperm, which contain 23 pairs of
chromosomes each.

In the mitochondria the DNA is also found; Mitochondria are the energy-producing
organelles in the cell that is found in most cells. Mitochondrial DNA is only found in female
sex cells.

It is possible that two unrelated people possess the same number of repetitions in a
particular locus, since this is a fixed position on a chromosome that determines the
position of gen or a marker. It is unlikely that two unrelated people have the same
number of repetitions in a number of different loci.

By using different numbers of loci you can decrease or increase the possibility that two
DNA samples are from the same individual.

Mitochondrial DNA typing can be done when the DNA in the nucleus is insufficient to
write.
 The typing is used to establish kinship relationship between a number of individuals,
this is the most used method to establish paternity, since each individual inherits a certain
number of chromosomes from his mother and another from his father, therefore, the
individual must inherit a certain number of particular locus from each of their parents.
DNA typing seeks to characterize the different sequences in the genes that produce the
antigens.

Finally, it should be noted that DNA is responsible for each person being different, from
their physical features to the way they think and act, the development and proper
functioning of the body. This also determines the health condition of each individual. By
means of DNA typing, pathologies, causes of diseases and antibodies can be determined
to combat these diseases.