"Year of the fight against corruption and impunity"

“UNIVERSIDAD SAN IGNACIO DE LOYOLA”

TOPIC: CONCRETE PREPARED WITH WASTE (Limalla and Escombro)

WRITING FOR ENGINEERING

TEACHER: TELLO FLORES, GIANINA NELLA

BLOCK: FC-PREINGAGR07B1T
CICLO: 2019-I
STUDENT: CODIGO
MERINO CUADROS, REYNA VERONICA 1521340

LIMA-PERU
2019
 ABSTRACT

Concrete is the most used material in building construction due to its mechanical
properties and therefore it is an indicator of the durability of the structures. This study
reports the concrete mixtures using solid waste to improve concrete properties in
particular the strength of concrete. The mix of concrete with inert waste was prepared to
measure the resistance of concrete and 7 samples were prepared for different
proportions of aggregates. The results indicated that the incorporation of inert material
in the concrete mixtures showed favorable result. These mixtures were prepared with
23% of fine aggregate, 6% of coarse aggregate, 10% of escombro and 6% of limalla.
This result was consistent with values established in the technical standard Colombia
(NRS-2010). Also, this indicates that there is viable to use limalla and escombro to
prepare concrete. These profiles may serve a predictor for the solid waste would have
a commercial value
 INTRODUCTION

Concrete un- conventional has received much attention in recent years due
to the use of inert materials which offer better resistance in constructions. In general
this type of material obtained from limalla and escombro presents much benefits such
improve the properties of mixture. However, it has been found to be too weak when
adding water in the mix since it decreases the resistance.

The research has studied and improved many aspects, such as the
optimization of mechanical properties prepared with unconventional concrete
((Universidad Pontifica Bucaramanga). For example, Bautista and Parra (2010), in
addition to the escombro, incorporated a new material that is the filling to reduce the
amount of voids of concrete for better resistance in different structures. However,
although the effect of these new materials was presented a long time ago, it has not
taken much importance.

In this paper, we introduce the use of concrete prepared from escombro and
limalla that are inert waste which have many advantages that are resistance, low costs
in the care of the environment due to waste use in concrete. This material provides
greater benefits in terms of structures to avoid the collapses that are caused by
earthquakes or natural disasters
 METHODOLOGY

Current research involved the use of concrete material made from inert waste. The
objective was to achieve resistance and contribute to the environment by using inert
materials. The place of study where the experiments were carried out was in the
Pontificia Universidad de Bucaramanga laboratory. It was chosen to observe advantages
of the use of concrete made of waste. This material has many benefits such as obtaining
more resistance, reducing time, minimizing costs and reducing environmental pollution.
In the concrete, two types of materials were used, such as limalla and escombro.

The process of mixing concrete unconventional was divided in four steps. Firstly we
must demolish the escombro of the past constructions. Secondly, the materials are
selected according to their size using the granulometry. Third we mix the concrete with
23% of fine aggregate, 6% of coarse aggregate, 10% of escombro and 6% of limalla
cement and then add water. Finally, concrete compression tests are carried out in 7, 14
and 21 days to obtain the maximum strength. The samples were taken in the laboratory
of the Pontifical University of Bucaramanga, where they were analyzed following a proper
curing of the concrete. These 7 samples were compared using a revised estimated with
the Colombian code of earthquake-resistant constructions NSR-2010.

Other study suggest that for according this problems it is very necessary articulated
pavement design with paving stones composed of recycled concrete and take into
account the amount of material that will be used and have correct data of the properties.

In the process of mixing the concrete. We added more water. So it is recognized that
the resistance will decrease. While less water a minor variation of the results in
resistance there will be.
 RESULTS

The main purpose of this work is to increase resistance of concrete made from waste
to contribute to the environment. In this concrete were used aggregates in the mixture
as limalla and escombro. Nevertheless these result suggest that data obtained using
this type of material in the constructions can provide information about the resistance to
compression for use with other materials such as brick, paving stones and other.

Table 1 illustrates the preliminary results of adding limalla and escombro to the concrete
mix, increasing the required concrete strength of the concrete (210kg / cm2). Where a
maximum resistance of 306.74 kg / cm2 is shown. In the majority of cases the
resistance offered to use 23% of fine aggregate, 6% of coarse aggregate, 10% of
escombro and 6% of limalla with the A/C ratio of o.4. The addition of limalla and
escombro in the mixture generates an increase in resistance. These results are
consistent with the one obtained of Arturo and Yanez of the institute in Mexico, the
resistance of the recycled concrete was higher and with the Colombian code of
earthquake-resistant constructions NSR-2010.

It is difficult find the perfect resistance of concrete for the structures. However, in the
real life, people can improve the quality in the design reducing the amount of water.
Future works should use more repairs with new materials such as inorganic materials.
 CONCLUSION

Conventional concrete is one of the most used materials in construction due to the
mechanical properties it provides in structures. On the other hand, non-conventional
concrete uses inert waste, such as Limalla and Escombro, in order to increase the
strength and durability of the concrete, but both types of concrete are highly effective. In
this study, the design of concrete prepared with industrial waste is presented. This
residual concrete presents an increase in compressive strength, which is also
sustainable. In the tests of the test, non-conventional concrete presented a lower
percentage of voids generating greater resistance.

The strength levels of unconventional concrete were higher than a conventional

concrete. This was particularly true when carrying out the mixing design with inert
aggregates where 10% escombro and 6% limalla were used, obtaining a resistance of
306.74 kg / cm2 . This represents a benefit of the properties of the concrete and an
exploitation of two inert waste coming from industrial activities. Our results comply with
the NRS-2010 norm established in the Colombian code of seism-resistant constructions.
The use of unconventional aggregates (limalla and escombro) is a feasible practice for
the preparation of concretes.

The advantages over conventional concrete are: high strength, low cost, protection and
conservation of the environment. By increasing the amount of water and cement ratio in
the concrete design, the mixture gave a low resistance in terms of compression. This
means that we must have greater emphasis on the design especially in the dosage to
have an efficient concrete.

As indicated above, the determination of the compression test in specimens that were
prepared with limalla and escombro yielded errors compared to the values estimated
with the Colombian code of earthquake-resistant constructions NSR-2010. Further work
is needed in the study increasing a number of samples to have more favorable results,
since it is essential to improve the strength of the concrete.
 REFERENCES

 Serrano M. & Perez D. (2011). Article engineering education. April 14 th

2019.file:///C:/Users/Reyna/Downloads/116-224-1-SM%20(6).pdf

 Parry K. & Bautista M. (2010). Design thesis of a concrete mix used industrial
waste and debris. April 14 the 2019.
http://biblioteca.upbbga.edu.co/docs/digital_19858.pdf

 Bedoya C. (2003). The concrete recycled with debris as a generator of

sustainable urban habitats. April 14 th 2019.
http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/3477/1/98589947-2003.pdf