Life and Works of

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Life and Works of

‘Psychiatric Nurse of the Century’


Flow of Discussion

o Life of Peplau
o Works and Achievements
o Writings and Publications
o Metaparadigm
•Birthday
• September 1, 1909
•Birthplace
• Reading, Pennsylvania
•Academic Background
• Pottstown, Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 1931
• Bachelor’s Degree in Interpersonal Psychology,
Bennington College in Vermont, 1943
• Master’s and Doctoral degrees from Teachers College,
Columbia University in 1947
Works and Achievements
• Staff Nurse
• Pennsylvania and New York City, 1930s
• School Nurse
• Bennington College in Vermont, 1930s
• Army Nurse Corps (WWII)
• 312th Field Station Hospital, 1943-1945
• Executive Director and President
• American Nurses Association (ANA)
• Advisor
• World Health Organization (WHO)
•Nursing Teacher
• Teacher’s College, early 1950s
• Graduate Psychiatric Nursing Students
• Rutgers University, 1594-1974
• Faculty of the College of Nursing
• “Professor Emerita”
•Credentialing
•First graduate program for
clinical specialists
•National Mental Health Act
of 1946
Writings and Publications
•Interpersonal Relations in
Nursing, 1952
•Nurse-Patient relationship
•First nursing theory textbook since
Nightingale’s in the 1850s
The Interpersonal Relations
Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
• Psychobiological experiences of the patient
• Six Roles of a Nurse
• Four Phases of the nurse-patient relationship
• Changing Aspects of Nurse-Patient Relationships
• Influences
• Publication in Modern Writings
Interpersonal Relations in Nursing

• Psychobiological experiences of the patient


• Needs
• Frustrations
• Conflicts
• Anxieties
Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
• Six Nursing Roles
•Stranger
•Resource person
•Teacher
•Leader
•Surrogate
•Counselor
Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
• Four Phases of the nurse-patient relationship
Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
• Changing Aspects of Nurse-Patient Relationships
Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
• Influences of the Publication
• Henry Stack Sullivan
• Percival Symonds
• Abraham Maslow
• Neal Elger Miller
• Contemporaneous Psychoanalytical Model
Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
• Peplau’s works in Modern Publications
• The research on the effect of communication on nurse-patient
relationships (Arungwa, 2014)
• Observing and Analyzing empathy in Brazilian Nursing
Professionals (Trevizan et al., 2015)
• Assisting Nursing Students to understand Holistic
Communication Skills during their encounters with older
adults (Deane & Fain, 2016)
Peplau’s Theory
•Published in 1952
•Became the crux of
Psychiatric Nursing
•Middle-range descriptive
classification theory
Metaparadigms of the Theory
• Person
• developing organism that tries to reduce anxiety
caused by needs
• Environment
• consists of existing forces outside of the person
• Health
• implies forward movement of personality and other
human processes
Metaparadigms of the Theory
•Nursing
• Six Roles of a Nurse
• Four Phases of the nurse-patient relationship
• Changing Aspects of Nurse-Patient
Relationships
• Influences
“Linking nurses and their
information and knowledge
across borders – around the
world – will surely advance the
profession of nursing much more
rapidly in the next century”
-Hildegard Peplau
Life and Works of

‘Psychiatric Nurse of the Century’


References
• Nursing-Theory.org
• Nurselabs.com

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