OPEN SISTEM INTRECONNECTION 7 LAYERS MODEL

TCP/IP MODEL OSI MODEL

HTTP, SMTP, DHCP, FTP, DATA This is the layer at which communication partners are identified -- Is
Telnet, SNMP and SMPP, there someone to talk to? -- network capacity is assessed -- Will the
POP3, DNS, IRC. network let me talk to them right now? -- and where the data or
APPLICATION application is presented in a visual form the user can understand. This
layer is not the application itself, it is the set of services an application
should be able to make use of directly, although some applications may
APPLICATION perform application-layer functions.
XDR, TLS, SSL and MIME DATA This layer is usually part of an operating system (OS) and converts
incoming and outgoing data from one presentation format to another --
PRESENTATION
for example, from clear text to encrypted text at one end and back to clear
text at the other.
PPTP, SAP, L2TP and DATA This layer sets up, coordinates and terminates conversations. Its services
SESSION
NetBIOS, include authentication and reconnection after an interruption.
TCP, UDP, SPX, DCCP and SEGMENTS This layer manages packetization of data, then the delivery of the packets,
TRANSPORT TRANSPORT SCTP, Iscsi, including checking for errors in the data once it arrives. On the internet,
TCP and UDP provide these services for most applications as well.
(IPv4), Internet Protocol PACKETS This layer handles addressing and routing the data -- sending it in the right
(IPv6), IPX, AppleTalk, direction to the right destination on outgoing transmissions and receiving
INTERNET NETWORK
ICMP, IPSec and IGMP, incoming transmissions at the packet level. IP is the network layer for the
NAT, ARP. internet.
ARP, CDP,DTP, Ethernet, FRAMES This layer sets up links across the physical network, putting packets into
Frame Relay, CSLIP, network frames. This layer has two sub-layers: the logical link control layer
DATA LINK HDLC, IEEE.802.3, PPP, and the media access control layer (MAC). MAC layer types include
PPTP, VTP, X-25, SLIP, Ethernet and 802.11 wireless specifications.
NETWORK
ATM, SDLS and PLIP.
ACCESS
Bluetooth, PON, OTN, BITS This layer conveys the bit stream across the network either electrically,
DSL, IEEE.802.11, mechanically or through radio waves. The physical layer covers a variety of
PHISICAL
IEEE.802.3, L431, ISDN, devices and mediums, among them cabling, connectors, receivers,
TIA 449. transceivers and repeaters.
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