Name : Yumna Kinanthi

NIM : 3211418010

ANALYZING QUANTITATIVE SYMBOL

IN THEMATIC MAP

Thematic maps pull in attributes or statistics about a location and represent that data in a
way that enables a greater understanding of the relationships between locations and the discovery of
spatial patterns in the data that we are exploring. There are a number of visualization techniques and
thematic map types that have different applications depending on the type of data that you are
exploring and the type of spatial analysis that you are looking to do. The methodology and the type
of map that you want to create may be different, for example, if you are exploring global shipping
data or voter propensity, or environmental disaster impact.

The use of map symbols from time to time always evolves to follow and in accordance with
the progress of science about mapping and also adjusts to the type of map to enable the symbols of
a series of maps different from other map series symbols. The symbols on a map should be good
and correct symbols. In quantitative symbols, which are symbols that express the actual state of
what is described in a simpler form accompanied by a value or quantity. The value or quantity can
indicate height, number, area, and so on. Some example of quantitative symbols in thematic map
are a choropleth map is a thematic map where geographic regions are colored, shaded, or patterned
in relation to a value. This type of map is particularly useful when visualizing a variable and how it
changes across defined regions or geopolitical areas.

For example, a Choropleth map is extremely useful when looking at vote totals by political
party per county in the United States, as below. In a choropleth map, color can be used to represent
distinct attributes or, as in the example below, to represent weight of a value (a strong or weak party
vote-share shown as light or dark colors). A heat map represents the intensity of an incident‟s
occurrence within a dataset. A heatmap uses color to represent intensity, though unlike a choropleth
map, a heatmap does not use geographical or geo-political boundaries to group data. This technique
requires point geometries, as you are looking to map the frequency of an occurrence at a specific
point. Visualizing the intensity of occurrence using a heat map is a technique commonly used when
tracking weather and natural phenomena, in which established borders and boundaries are less
useful for understanding impact areas. In the heat map below, drought conditions across the United
States are visualized based on intensity, giving us a greater understanding of past and potential
impact areas. Proportional symbol map can represent data tied to a specific geographical point or
data that is aggregated to a point from a wider area.

In these maps, a symbol is used to represent the data at that specific or aggregate point, and
then scaled by value, so that a larger symbol represents a greater value. The size of each symbol can
be proportional to the value you are visualizing or you can set 3 to 5 „classes‟ of values allowing for
comparison and classification of locations. Proportional symbol maps are extremely useful for
clearly telling the story of your data, as in the above map, showing urban populations by country
around the world.
 Additionally, with 4.5% of all people having some level of color-blindness, a proportional
symbol map adds a level of accessibility to your visualization over some of the more color focused
options. A dot density map uses a dot to represent a feature or attribute in your data. Some dot
density maps are „one-to-one‟ in which each dot represents a single occurrence or data point, or
„one to many‟ in which each dot represents a set of aggregated data, for example one dot may
represent 100 individuals with a certain attribute. Both of these types of dot density map visualize
the scatter of your data, which can provide insights into where instances of an occurrence are
clustered.
The fact is one of the best known early applications of location intelligence was John
Snow‟s map of cholera patients in London in 1854. A „one-to-one‟ dot density map, Snow plotted
each recorded case of cholera and in an early example of spatial analysis, was able to determine that
a high density of cases were clustered around a specific water pump, the source of the cholera
outbreak. Thematic maps serve three primary purposes.

1. They provide specific information about particular locations.

2. They provide general information about spatial patterns.

3. They can be used to compare patterns on two or more maps.

So, the conclusion common examples are maps of demographic data such as population
density. When designing a thematic map, cartographers must balance a number of factors in order
to effectively represent the data. Besides spatial accuracy, and aesthetics, quirks of human visual
perception and the presentation format must be taken into account. In addition, the audience is of
equal importance. Who will “read” the thematic map and for what purpose helps define how it
should be designed. A political scientist might prefer having information mapped within clearly
delineated county boundaries (choropleth maps). A state biologist could certainly benefit from
county boundaries being on a map, but nature seldom falls into such smooth, man-made
delineations. In which case, a dasymetric map charts the desired information underneath a
transparent county boundary map for easy location referencing.
 REFERENCES

Bos, E.S, 1973, Cartographic Principles in Thematic Mapping,

The Netherland , ITC, Lecture Note, Enschede.Basuki Sudihardjo, 1986, Peta
Sejarah, dan Kegunaannya

Makalah Pidato Pengukuhan , Guru Besar, FakultasGeografi UGM

Yogyakarta.Endang Saraswati, 1979, Kartografi Dasar, Fakultas
Geografi UGM, Yogyakarta. Erwin Raisz, 1984, General Cartography

Ischak, 1987, Berbagai Jenis Peta dan Kegunaannya, Liberty,Yogyakarta.

Juhadi, dkk, 2001, Desain dan Komposisi Peta Tematik ,Indoprint, Semarang.