TELMISARTAN

BRAND NAME: Micardis, Actavis, Teli40/Teli80

CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE AND DRUG ACTION ADVERSE SPECIAL ABSORPTION EXCRETION

FREQUENCY REACTION CONSIDERATION
Antihypertensive 1-tab daily Blocks the CNS: Dizziness, Monitor B/P, pulse 42-58% absorbed Entirely via feces
vasoconstrictor and insomnia, anxiety, q4h; note, rate, following oral (97% as unchanged
aldosterone- headache, fatigue rhythm, quality. administration drug); urine (<1%).
secreting effects of (bioavailability high in Terminal elimination
angiotensin II; GI: Diarrhea, Monitor electrolytes: patients with hepatic half-life: Approx: 24
selectively blocks dyspepsia, impairment ). hours.
potassium, sodium,
the binding of anorexia, vomiting
angiotensin II to chloride.
the AT, receptor MS: Myalgia, pain
found in tissues. Monitor baselines in
RESP: Cough, renal, liver function
upper respiratory tests before therapy
tract infection, begins.
sinusitis,
pharyngitis. Asses edema in feet,
legs daily.

Asses skin turgor,

dryness of mucous
membranes for
hydration status.
 CLOPIDOGREL

BRAND NAME: Plavix, Plogrel

CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE AND DRUG ACTION ADVERSE SPECIAL ABSORPTION EXCRETION

FREQUENCY REACTION CONSIDERATION
Antiplatelet agents 1 tab daily 12 noon Inhibits platelet CNS: Depression, Assess for symptoms Well absorbed Eliminated 50% in
aggregation by dizziness, fatigue, of stroke, MI during following oral the urine and 45%
irreversibly headache. treatment. administration; in feces. Half-life:
inhibiting the rapidly 8 hour (active
binding of ATP EENT: Epistasis Monitor liver metabolized to an metabolite).
to platelet function studies: active to an
receptors. RESP: Upper AST, ALT, bilirubin, antiplatelet
respiratory tract creatinine if patient compound. Parent
infection, cough, is on long term drug has no anti
dyspnea. therapy. platelet activity.

CV: Chest pain, Monitor CBC with

edema, differential platelet
hypertension. count periodically
during therapy.
GI: GI bleeding, Neutropenia and
abdominal pain, thrombocytopenia
diarrhea, may rarely occur.
dyspepsia, gastritis.
May cause high
MS: Arthralgia, serum bilirubin,
back pain hepatic enzymes,
total cholesterol,
MISC: Fever, non-protein nitrogen
hypersensitivity (NPN), and uric acid
reactions. concentrations.
 TAMSULOSIN

BRAND NAME: Flomax, Tamplus

CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE AND DRUG ACTION ADVERSE SPECIAL ABSORPTION EXCRETION

FREQUENCY REACTION CONSIDERATION
Selective A- 1 Tab daily 7PM, Decrease CNS: Dizziness, Patient with Rapidly Via urine (76%,
adrenergic blocker. 30 mins after meal contractions in headache, myocardial absorbed from <10% as
smooth muscle of asthenia, dysfunction or the unchanged drug);
the prostatic insomnia. angina pectoris; gastrointestinal feces (21%).
capsule by history of tract. Elimination half-
preferentially EENT: Rhinitis, sulphonamide Bioavailability: life: 5-7 hours
binding to alpha- amblyopia. allergy; prostate 30% increase in (immediate-
adrenergic cancer. Discontinue fasting state. release); 9-13
receptors. CV: Orthostatic therapy 5-9 weeks Food reduces hours (prolonged-
hypotension, prior to cataract or rate and extent release).
chest pain. glaucoma surgery. of absorption.
Not indicated for use Time to peak
GU: Retrograde/ in women. plasma
Diminished concentration:
ejaculation Approx 1 hour
decrease libido. (immediate-
release); approx
GI: nausea, 6 hours
diarrhea. (prolonged-
release).
MS: back pain

RESP: rhinitis,
pharyngitis,
cough.

CARVEDILOL

BRAND NAME: Coreg, Coreg CR, Dilabloc

CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE AND DRUG ACTION ADVERSE SPECIAL ABSORPTION EXCRETION

 FREQUENCY REACTION CONSIDERATION
Antihypertensive 1 tab daily 7 pm A mixture of CNS: Dizziness, Patient with salt Well absorbed Primarily via faeces;
non-selective B- Somnolence, and volume but rapidly urine (<2%,
blocking and A- Insomnia, ataxia, depletion, undergoes unchanged).
blocking activity, hyperesthesia, hypotension; extensive first- Elimination half-life:
decreases cardiac paresthesia, ischaemic heart pass hepatic 7-10 hours.
output, exercise- vertigo, disease, metabolism,
induced depression, Prinzmetal’s variant resulting in 25-
tachycardia, fatigue, weakness. angina, diabetes 35%
reflex orthostatic mellitus, bioavailability.
tachycardia, CHF: Pulmonary thyrotoxicosis, Foods slows
causes reduction edema. peripheral vascular absorption.
in peripheral disease, psoriasis.
vascular and GI: Diarrhea, Avoid abrupt
vasodilatation. abdominal pain, withdrawal. Renal
increased alkaline and mild to
phosphatase, moderate hepatic
increased impairment.
ALT/AST. Elderly. Pregnancy
and lactation.
GU: Decreased
libido, impotence.

RESP:

ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE

BRANDNAME: Imdur, ISMO, Isotrate ER, Monoket

CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE AND DRUG ACTION ADVERSE SPECIAL ABSORPTION EXCRETION
FREQUENCY REACTION CONSIDERATION
Antianginals, Relaxation of CNS: vascular Severe renal or Isosorbide Via urine (2% as
vasodilator. vascular smooth headache, flushing, severe hepatic mononitrate has unchanged); 4-5 hr
muscle, which dizziness, weakness, impairment, 100% (elimination half-
leads to decreased faintness. hypothyroidism, bioavailability life).
preload, malnutrition, or (does not
afterload, thus CV: postural hypothermia. undergo first-
decrees in left hypotension, Caution in patients pass
ventricular end- tachycardia, who are already metabolism).
diastolic pressure, collapse, syncope, hypotensive. May
systemic vascular palpitations aggravate angina
resistance and caused by
reducing cardiac GI: nausea, hypertrophic
O2 demand. vomiting, diarrhea. cardiomyopathy.
Tolerance may
INTEG: Pallor, develop after long-
sweating, rash. term treatment.
Lactation.
MISC: twitching,
hemolytic anemia,
methemoglobinemia.

AMLODIPINE

BRANDNAME: Norvasc,
CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE AND DRUG ACTION ADVERSE SPECIAL ABSORPTION??? EXCRETION
FREQUENCY REACTION CONSIDERATION
Antihypertensives Inhibits the CNS: Headache, Patients with aortic Rapidly absorbed Via urine (60% as
transport of dizziness, fatigue. stenosis, congestive from the metabolites, 10% as
calcium into heart failure, gastrointestinal unchanged drug).
myocardial and CV: Peripheral hypertrophic tract. Slightly Terminal elimination
vascular smooth edema, angina, cardiomyopathy, reduced half-life: 35-50 hours.
muscle cells, bradycardia, outflow tract bioavailability
resulting in hypotension, obstruction, severe with food.
inhibition of palpitations. obstructive Absolute
excitation- coronary disease. bioavailability:
contraction GI: Gingival Hepatic Dose-dependent:
coupling hyperplasia, impairment. Elderly Approx 42% (40-
subsequent nausea. and children. mg dose); approx
contraction. Pregnancy and 58% (160-mg
Derm: Flushing lactation. dose). Time to
peak plasma
concentration:
Approx 0.5-1
hour.