Young Adult Fertility

The 2013 Young Adult Fertility
and Sexuality Study (YAFS4)
JOSEFINA N. NATIVIDAD, ScD

University of the Philippines Population Institute and
The Demographic Research and Development Foundation, Inc.
Presented at SAMPI Annual Conference, September 3, 2014

Outline of the presentation
• Who are youth: definitions, population size,

distribution
• About YAFS 4
• Selected Findings:
- Health and lifestyle
- Non-sexual risk behaviors
- Sexual risk behaviors
- Teenage childbearing
#YAFS4 U
Demographic Research & Development Foundation  University of the Philippines Population Institute
Who are the youth?
“ The UN, for statistical consistency across regions,

defines ‘youth’, as those persons between the ages of
15 and 24 years, without prejudice to other definitions
by Member States…. All UN statistics on youth are
based on this definition, “
- UNESCO
#YAFS4 U
The size of the youth population has been increasing, in
keeping with the increasing population of the Philippines.
92.1
76.3
60.6
49.1
36.7
27.0
18.0
12.4 15.0
7.2 9.8
5.3
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

15-24 Total population (in millions)
#YAFS4 U
While the size of the youth population 15-24 is increasing,
its percent share of the total population has remained
more or less stable at 20 percent.
20.5 20.5
19.5 19.7 19.7 19.6
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Percent share
#YAFS4 U
What is the size of the young adult population?
• In 2013, there were
19.2 M youth in the Philippines

• Of these,
10.3 M were aged 15-19
9.0 M were aged 20-24
#YAFS4 U
Youth population by region, 2010 Census ( in millions),
highest in NCR and Region 4A st more than 2m, lowest in
CAR and Caraga and less than half a million
3.00
2.50 2.36 2.40
2.00 1.93
1.50 1.40 1.33
1.03
1.00 0.89
0.78 0.87 0.90 0.85
0.63 0.69 0.63
0.53 0.49
0.50
0.35
#YAFS4 U
THE 2013 YAFS STUDY
U
General objective of YAFS4
 The objective of YAFS is to provide updated

information on a broad range of adolescent
sexuality and reproductive health issues, sexual
and non-sexual risk behaviors, their antecedents,
and manifestations, that will be useful in the
design of interventions to promote and safeguard
the health and well being of Filipino youth.
#YAFS4 U
Predecessor surveys
1982 YAFS 2002 YAFS

(YAFS 1) (YAFS 3)
1994 YAFS
(YAFS 2)
#YAFS4 U
Summary features of YAFS studies
YAFS1 (1982) YAFS2 (1994) YAFS3 (2002) YAFS4 (2013)

Sample size 5,204 10,879 19,728 19,178
Target Females 15-24 Males and Males and Male and females
population Single & married females 15-24 females 15-27 15-24
Single & married Single & married Single & married
Study Region Region Region Region

domain with provincial
estimates for 5
large provinces
Methodology Quantitative Quantitative Multi-method Multi-method
(qualitative & (qualitative &
quantitative) quantitative)
Sealed envelope Sealed envelope

technique technique
#YAFS4 U
Survey design
• Sampling domain: Region
• Sample size per region: About 1,000 respondents
• Sampling design:
– Multistage, stratified random sampling;
– In each region, barangays were stratified into S, M, L with the size
of the youth population as the stratification variable;
– Within each stratum, barangays were selected with probability
proportional to the population size;
– In each barangay, 15 HHs were selected using systematic
random sampling;
– All eligible members of the sample household (15-24 years old)
were interviewed. #YAFS4
Demographic Research & Development Foundation  University of the Philippines Population Institute U
Coverage of YAFS4
17 regions
78 provinces
681
cities and
municipalities 1,121
barangays
18,547
households
#YAFS4 U
YAFS4: Main questionnaire contents
Block A. Individual characteristics Block H. Marriage

Block B. Family characteristics and Block I. Puberty, dating and sex
relationships Block J. Fertility and contraception
Block C. Self-esteem and values Block K. Knowledge and attitudes
Block D. School, work and community towards marriage, sex and
Block E. Media related issues
Block F. Friends and peers Block L. Reproductive health
Block G. Health and lifestyle
#YAFS4 U
Study instruments
A total of 10 survey instruments:

 Household Form
 8 questionnaires for the youth respondents
• Main Questionnaires
–Singe Female and Married Female
–Single Male and Married Male
• Muslim Questionnaires
–Singe Female and Married Female
–Single Male and Married Male
 Community Form #YAFS4
Demographic Research & Development Foundation  University of the Philippines Population Institute U
….Some background
characteristics of today’s youth
#YAFS4 U
Most youth are never married. There are more youth living in
than are formally married. 1 in a hundred are
separated/annulled/ widowed
living-in, 13.8 sep/an/wid,

formally 1.1
married, 8.5
never married,
76.6
#YAFS4 U
The highest percentage of youth are high school undergrad. A
little over 1 in 10 completed elementary level education only.
21.0 13.4
6.0
37.6
22.0
elementary hs undergrad hs grad vocational college
#YAFS4 U
The most common main activities are studying and working.
Almost 1 in 10 youth are idle,
7% are unemployed/ looking for work
Main activity by region
9.4
24.4
2.8 36.3
19.7
7.4
None Student Unemployed

Housework Unpaid family worker Working
#YAFS4 U
Most Pinoy youth are digitally-wired
Own a cellular phone 78.3
Use the internet 58.9
Have a social networking account 53.1
Have an email account 51.7
Have a personal blog 1.9
Percent
#YAFS4 U
– % who regularly read …
• broadsheet newspapers
15% in 2002 11% in 2013
• tabloids
12% in 2002 6% in 2013
• magazines
10% in 2002 8% in 2013
• % who watch TV regularly
83% in 2002 79% in 2013
#YAFS4 U
HEALTH AND LIFESTYLE
U
Health and lifestyle
• Self- assessed health

• Body Mass Index (based on self reported height and
weight)
• Frequency of exercise
• Mean hours of sleep
• Consumption of selected food and drink
• Leisure activities
#YAFS4 U
Self-assessed health
• In general, the youth perceive themselves to be in
good health
• 93.9 percent of men and 90.1 percent of women

report themselves to be either very
healthy/healthier than average or of average
health.
• 6.1 percent of men and 9.2 percent of women

said they are somewhat or very unhealthy
#YAFS4 U
About a third of the youth are underweight ; more than half have
normal BMI. The distribution is very similar for men and women.
Less than 10 percent are overweight/obese.
59.0
54.0
36.7
32.1
5.9 3.0 5.9 3.3

Normal
Overweight
Normal
Overweight
Obese
Obese
Underweight
Underweight
Male Female
#YAFS4 U
There is a gender difference in body image or self perception of
one’s physique. For example, more men perceive their body image
to be “just right” even if their BMI is overweight or obese.
Self perceived body image is "Just right" by BMI
79.7
68.5
63.4 62.0 64.4
43.4
38.1
28.8
Underweight Normal Overweight Obese

Male Female
#YAFS4 U
More women with normal BMI perceive themselves to be chubby.
Lower percent of overweight and obese men, compared with
their women counterparts see themselves as chubby.
Self perceived body image is “chubby” by BMI

55.4
51.6
38.3
28.8
20.0
4.0 4.9
1.0
Underweight Normal Overweight Obese

Male Female
#YAFS4 U
There is a notable gender difference in frequency of exercise;
males exercise more. The age difference is slight; but younger
youth (15-19) appear to exercise more
59.9 58.6
49.7
41.8
34.4
33.4
21.5
18.2 14.9
14.412
9.4 8.9
7.5 8.0 7.6
At least 2x a Once a Occasionally Never At least 2x a Once a Occasionally Never

week week week week
Male Female
#YAFS4 U
There is no notable difference in mean hours of sleep, by
age and by sex.
8.2 8.0 8.2 8.1
15-19 20-24 Male Female

#YAFS4 U
Percent who consume selected food and drink items
often (2-4X a week) and very often (5-7X a week)
Energy drinks 4.0
8.0
Sweet bottled drinks 7.6
17.4
Carbonated drinks 15.0
24.3
Chocolate/desserts 6.9
14.1
Grilled street food 7.1
17.3
Fried street food 8.8
16.1
Fried chicken 4.7
15.4
French fries 3.2
7.4
Hamburger 2.8
11.2
Chips 15.4
22.1
Instant noodles 4.7
23.6
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0
5-7 times a week 2-4 times a week

#YAFS4 U
More men consume energy drinks and carbonated drinks frequently (at
least 2x a week) but more women consume chips and desserts. A higher
percentage of men consume instant noodles frequently.
Energy drinks 6.3

18.1
Sweet bottled drinks 24.3
25.8
Carbonated drinks 35.7
43.1
Chocolates/desserts 25.4
16.3
Grilled street food 22.7
26.3
Fried street food 22.4
27.6
Fried chicken 21.9
18.3
French fries 12.3
8.7
Hamburger 14.4
13.5
Chips 39.9
35.0
Instant noodles 26.8
29.8
Female Male
#YAFS4 U
There are distinct differences between men and women in leisure activitites.
More men do sports; more women read and watch TV. But, both men and
women commonly meet up with friends and listen to music.
55.6
42.6 43.6
33.6
26.5 27.8
26.1
18.0 17.4 17.1
13.9 11.8
5.5
2.0
WATCH TV TEXT LISTEN TO PLAY SPORTS MEET UP GO ONLINE READ

MUSIC WITH FRIENDS
Male Female
#YAFS4 U
Four of the 7 most common leisure activities are technology-
mediated. There is no big difference in leisure activities by age.
51.2
48.0
32.9
26.1 27.0 26.9 24.6
19.0 18.3 16.7
13.6 13.1
11.6 9.0
WATCH TV TEXT LISTEN TO PLAY SPORTS MEET UP GO ONLINE/ READ

MUSIC WITH SURF
FRIENDS INTERNET
15-19 20-24
#YAFS4 U
NON-SEXUAL RISK
U
Non-sexual risk behaviors
• Smoking
• Drinking
• Drug use
• Suicidal ideation
• Suicide attempt
• Recent experience with physical violence
• Awareness of harassment using technology
#YAFS4 U
Percent currently smoking has been slowly declining in the past
two decades, among males and the 20-24. It also declined in the
past decade among 15-19 and among females
By age By sex
40.4 37.6 35.4

30.7
27.2 25.6
15.1 16.8 15.6
4.2 5.9 4.7
1994 2002 2013 1994 2002 2013
Male Female
15-19 20-24
#YAFS4 U
Percent currently drinking declined in the past
decade, by age and sex
100.0
90.0 By age By sex
80.0
70.0
60.5 61.1
60.0
51.1
50.0 49.2 53.2
46.5
40.0 34.9
30.0 30.1 23.6
29.0
20.0 21.0
10.0 16.0
0.0
1994 2002 2013 1994 2002 2013
#YAFS4 U
Binge drinking is more common among males and
the 20-24 year olds
8.7 10.9
6.6
5.2
2.3
15-19 20-24 Total Male Female
#YAFS4 U
Percent who ever used drugs decreased in the past
decade
100.0
90.0
80.0
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
19.2
20.0 17.6
10.9
10.0 9.2 6.0 5.8 7.1
3.2 1.0 2.8
0.0 2.6 0.8
1994 2012 2013 1994 2012 2013
#YAFS4 U
Percent who had suicidal ideation decreased, by age and
by sex in the last decade
14.90 18.70
10.70
12.50 12.60
7.30
7.60 4.50
2002 2013 2002 2013

15-19 20-24
Male Female
#YAFS4 U
While the percent who ever attempted suicide remained
almost constant in the past decade
4.3 4.5 4.8

4.3
2.7 2.5 2.1
1.5
2002 2013 2002 2013

#YAFS4 U
But… among those who had suicidal ideation, the percent who
actually attempted suicide increased in the past decade, by age
and sex
39.9 38.2
33.6 32.6
29.2 27.2
21.8 24.2
2002 2013 2002 2013

#YAFS4 U
The percent with experience of physical violence (in the past year) as
victim or as aggressor, is higher among 15-19 and among males. The
difference is more pronounced in the experience of being a victim .
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
23.8 24.5
20.6 20 20.6 21.1
20
13.2 13.5
10
Hurt someone Been hurt by someone Hurt someone Been hurt by someone
#YAFS4 U
The most common aggressors are friends, classmates and others for both age
groups. There is a higher proportion hurt by spouse/GF/BF among the 20-24
y/o. More among the 15-19 are hurt by a parent or a sibling.
29.1
Others 37.5
Classmate 17.5
3.6
24.9
Friend 16.8
5.7
Spouse/GF/BF 22.9
11.6
Sibling 8.7
12.2
Father
7.8
12.3
Mother
7.4
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0
15-19 20-24
#YAFS4 U
More males are hurt by non-relatives: others, friends and classmates, while
more females are hurt by relatives or people with whom they have close
ties: spouse/BF/GF, parents or siblings
Others 14.3
39.0
Classmate 7.5
17.0
12.9
Friend 28.8
Spouse/BF/GF 18.7
6.0
Sibling 18.8
5.3
Mother 20.8
3.9
Father 16.9
6.9
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0
Female Male
#YAFS4 U
Males most often hurt friends, classmates or others, while
females most often hurt their siblings or significant other:
spouse/GF/BF.
Others 10.5
30.0
Classmate 15.9
30.9
Friend 25.0
35.8
Spouse/GF/BF 17.4
0.3
Sibling 34.8
6.8
Father 0.4
0.3
Mother 1.0
0.4
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0
Female Male
#YAFS4 U
Among the 15-19, the most common objects of their physical
aggression are classmates and friends, among the 20-24 it is
“others”, spouse/BF/GF or a friend.
Others 21.4
29.4
Classmate 24.3
7.6
Friend 31.1
20.3
Spouse/GF/BF 7.8
22.9
Sibling 19.1
14.1
Father 0.3
0.7
Mother 0.7
0.1
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0
15-19 20-24
#YAFS4 U
There is a low awareness and experience of harassment
using technology
10.9 9.5 11.0

4.8 5.1 9.7 5.6 4.3
Personally know someone Ever been harrassed using Male Female
who has been harrassed technology
using technology
15-19 20-24
#YAFS4 U
SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIORS
U
• Premarital sex
• Early sex (before age 18)
• Commercial sex
• Casual sex
• Non-romantic sexual relationships (FUBU)
• Men who have sex with other men (MSM)
• Technology-mediated sexual relationships
#YAFS4 U
The prevalence of premarital sex has been steadily
increasing in the last two decades
PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO HAVE ENGAGED IN PREMARITAL SEX

(WITH CONFIDENCE INTERVAL)
32.0
23.2
17.8
1994 2002 2013
#YAFS4
#PremaritalSex U
While there is a progressive narrowing of the gender gap
PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO HAVE ENGAGED IN PREMARITAL SEX

35.5
31.2
32.0
26.1
Males 23.2
28.7
17.8
Both sexes
16.0
Females
10.2
1994 2002 2013
#YAFS4
#PremaritalSex U
But there remains a very low percentage who used protection
against pregnancy or STIs during the first premarital sex.
32.5
23.0 23.9 26.6
21.0
21.1 Male
Female
11.9 All
12.4
7.7
1994 2002 2013
#YAFS4 U
Unprotected sex is common even for the last premarital
sexual activity
PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF METHOD USED DURING 1ST AND LATEST PREMARITAL SEX
Condom Condom
12.9 12.8
Other methods Other methods
9.2 11.2
No method No method
77.9 75.9
1st premarital sex Last premarital sex
#YAFS4 U
Among the 15-19 , the prevalence of premarital sex has
sharply increased in the last decade for females
Male Female All
19.7
17.6 17.0
14.1
12.5
11.7
8.1
6.1
4.0
1994 2002 2013

#YAFS4 U
Decreasing mean age at first sex for both males and females
MEAN AGE AT FIRST SEX
18.3 17.6 17.5 18.5 18.2 17.9
1994 2002 2013 1994 2002 2013

MALES FEMALES
#YAFS4 U
There is an increasing proportion of youth with early sex
experience (i.e. engaged in sex before age 18)
PERCENT OF YOUTH 18-24 YEARS OLD WHO ENGAGED IN SEX BEFORE AGE 18
25.1 23.5
20.2
13.5 12.1
11.0
1994 2002 2013 1994 2002 2013

MALES FEMALES
#YAFS4 U
The regions with the highest prevalence of PMS among 15-19 year
olds are NCR, Regions 3 and 11. The lowest are Regions 12, 8 and
ARMM
Percentage who ever had premarital sex among 15-19 year olds
16.9 24.0 22.6 20.5 19.3 18.4 18.1 17.8 17.8 17.2 16.8 15.2 13.3 13.3 12.1
11.9 10.2
3.5
ALL NCR REGION REGION REGION CARAGA REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION CAR REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION ARMM
III XI VII I II VI IX X IV-B V IV-A XII VIII
#YAFS4 U
Prevalence of commercial sex remains low and has
declined
PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO HAVE

HAVE PAID FOR SEX RECEIVED PAYMENT FOR SEX
3.0
1.9
1.4 1.5
2002 2013 2002 2013
#YAFS4
#CommercialSex U
More men have commercial sex experience, either paying
or being paid
PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO HAVE

HAVE PAID FOR SEX RECEIVED PAYMENT FOR SEX
2.7 2.7
1.4 1.5
0.3
0.1
Male Female Both sexes Male Female Both sexes
#YAFS4 U
Most commercial sex activities are
unprotected by condom
PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF THE FREQUENCY OF CONDOM USE

DURING COMMERCIAL SEX IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS
Every time Most of

10.9 the time
Never Never 2.8
Every time
49.7 27.8 71.6 Sometimes
14.7
Sometimes Most of
19.3 the time
3.2
Paying for sex Receiving payment for sex
#YAFS4 U
Casual sex is more prevalent among males than females
PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO HAVE

ENGAGED IN CASUAL SEX
13.5
Only 18% used a
condom the last
time they had
7.3
casual sex
1.4
Male Female Both sexes
#YAFS4 U
Non-romantic sex (FUBU) is also more common among
males
PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO HAVE

FUBU EXPERIENCE
Only 21.5% used a

6.6
condom the last
time they had sex
3.6
with a FUBU
0.7
#YAFS4 U
More males report having multiple sexual partners
PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO HAVE MORE

THAN ONE SEXUAL PARTNER
25.0
15.0
5.5
#YAFS4 U
There are sexual risk behaviors specific to males
 5.3% of male youth have had sex with another

male (MSM)
 4.2% of male youth have engaged in anal sex
#YAFS4 U
Other sexual activities are technology-mediated
 1 in 100 has recorded himself/herself having sex
 1 in 4 has sent or received sex videos through

cellphones or internet
 4 in 100 had sex with someone they met online or

through text messages
 6 in 100 have engaged in phone sex
#YAFS4 U
TEENAGE FERTILITY
U
Teenage fertility : operationally defined as
teenage childbearing
Women aged 15-19 at the time of the survey

who fulfilled either of the ff conditions:
• had already given birth
• were pregnant at the time of the survey
#YAFS4 U
The proportion of 15-19 year old females have
begun childbearing DOUBLED in the past decade
Percent of females 15-19 who have begun

childbearing
13.7
7.0 6.9
1994 2002 2013
#YAFS4 U
Percent who have ever been pregnant and percent who
have begun childbearing, by region
18.7 18.4 18.0 18.0

18.1 18.4 17.0
17.7 16.8 16.4
17.3 16.0
16.7
16.3 14.8 14.8
14.4 14.1 14.0
15.1 15.1
13.0
13.7 13.7 12.3 12.2
13.1 13.1 12.7
12.3
11.8
11.8
9.5
8.8
8.8
8.1
Ever been pregnant Begun chilbearing
#YAFS4 U
The regions with the highest teenage childbearing
rates are CAR, Region 2 and NCR.
The regions with the lowest are Regions 4A, 5 and 8
13.6 18.4 18.1 17.7 17.3 16.7 16.3 15.1 15.1 13.7 13.1 13.0 12.7 12.3 11.8 11.8 8.8 8.1
Philippines CAR II NCR CARAGA XI IX VI III XII VII X I IV-B ARMM VIII V IV-A
#YAFS4 U
The percentage who have began childbearing increased at
every age. The increase is much more pronounced in the last
10 years, doubling at ages 17 and 18 and tripling at age 15.
35.2
22.9
19.1 19.1
10.4 10.7 11.0

6.1 5.1
2.9 2.7 4.3
0.6 0.5 1.7
15 16 17 18 19
1994 2002 2013
#YAFS4 U
The marital composition of teenage mothers shows a trend toward a declining percent
share of the formally married and a shift toward more living in arrangements. The
percent share of the never married among teenage mothers is also on the rise.
65.3
57.1
47.7
44.9
33.4
18.0
13.5
5.6 7.3
2.1 3.2
1.8
never married Formally married Living in Others

1994 2002 2013
#YAFS4 U
Teenage moms are mostly high school undergraduates or high school
graduates. The percentage with elementary education is declining. 1
in 10 teenage moms has a college education.
43.2
35.7 36.8
33.5
31.9
24.0 24.6 25.3
17.7
10.0 9.8
7.5
None/elementary HS undergrad HS grad/vocational College+
1994 2002 2013

#YAFS4 U
Teenage chilbearing and PMS prevalence are highly correlated
( unit of analysis=region) although there are outliers (e.g. CAR,
ARMM)
Correlation coefficient = 0.574
All CAR 2 NCR CARAGA 11 9 6 3 12 7 10 1 4B ARMM 8 5 4A
Teen childbearing PMS
#YAFS4 U
There is poor knowledge about the risk of conception , for
both male and female teens
Percent with correct knowledge Male Female All

A woman can get pregnant from one unprotected
sex (agree) 69.9 74.8 72.3
A woman can get pregnant anytime during her

menstrual cycle (disagree) 33.6 36.6 35.1
A woman cannot get pregnant if her partner did not
ejaculate (disagree) 35.3 31.2 33.3
#YAFS4 U
Most teenagers acknowledge their lack of knowledge
about sex
27.1
23.3 24.0
20.4
19.7 20.8
18.7
17.4
17.2
Percent who think they have enough knowledge about sex
1994 2002 2013

Male Female All
#YAFS4 U
Conclusions
• The “traditional” risk behaviors tracked by YAFS: smoking,

drinking and drug use may be on the decline.
• But there are other risks to monitor: diet, exercise, suicidal

ideation and attempt, experience of physical violence, early
school leaving, among others
• Teenage childbearing has sharply increased, likely as a result

of higher premarital sexual activity, increase in prevalence of
early sexual exposure, poor knowledge about reproduction
and low use of contraception
#YAFS4 U
Conclusions
• The YAFS series can provide data for evidence-

based interventions for the youth
• For program planning on the youth, it is

important to address the specific circumstances
in the region while still eyeing national goals
#YAFS4 U
Young Adult Fertility &
Sexuality Study (YAFS4)
www.drdf.org.ph
yafs4@drdf.org.ph
www.facebook.com/yafs4

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Young Adult Fertility

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The 2013 Young Adult Fertility

and Sexuality Study (YAFS4)

JOSEFINA N. NATIVIDAD, ScD

Presented at SAMPI Annual Conference, September 3, 2014

• Who are youth: definitions, population size,

“ The UN, for statistical consistency across regions,

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

• In 2013, there were

19.2 M youth in the Philippines

2.50 2.36 2.40

1.50 1.40 1.33

 The objective of YAFS is to provide updated

1982 YAFS 2002 YAFS

YAFS1 (1982) YAFS2 (1994) YAFS3 (2002) YAFS4 (2013)

Study Region Region Region Region

Sealed envelope Sealed envelope

Block A. Individual characteristics Block H. Marriage

A total of 10 survey instruments:

living-in, 13.8 sep/an/wid,

elementary hs undergrad hs grad vocational college

Main activity by region

None Student Unemployed

Own a cellular phone 78.3

Use the internet 58.9

Have a social networking account 53.1

Have an email account 51.7

Have a personal blog 1.9

• Self- assessed health

• 93.9 percent of men and 90.1 percent of women

• 6.1 percent of men and 9.2 percent of women

5.9 3.0 5.9 3.3

Underweight Normal Overweight Obese

Self perceived body image is “chubby” by BMI

Underweight Normal Overweight Obese

At least 2x a Once a Occasionally Never At least 2x a Once a Occasionally Never

15-19 20-24 Male Female

5-7 times a week 2-4 times a week

Energy drinks 6.3

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40.4 37.6 35.4

15-19 20-24 Total Male Female

2002 2013 2002 2013

4.3 4.5 4.8

2002 2013 2002 2013

2002 2013 2002 2013

10.9 9.5 11.0

PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO HAVE ENGAGED IN PREMARITAL SEX

1994 2002 2013

PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO HAVE ENGAGED IN PREMARITAL SEX

1994 2002 2013

23.0 23.9 26.6

1994 2002 2013

1st premarital sex Last premarital sex

Male Female All

1994 2002 2013

MEAN AGE AT FIRST SEX

18.3 17.6 17.5 18.5 18.2 17.9

1994 2002 2013 1994 2002 2013

1994 2002 2013 1994 2002 2013

PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO PERCENT OF YOUTH WHO HAVE