Electrical wiring Prepared by: Parikh Apurva K For suggestion : apurvakparikh@gmail.comPoints to be considered while selecting any system of wiring > 1. life of installation . future extension or alterations . construction of building . fire hazards or other special conditions . corrosive fumes . dampness . type of wire and material used . nature of load (lighting of power) . safety of the system 0. cost of wiring system _ 2 3 »4 »5 »6 7 8 9 >IVarious systems by which power is distributed to the domestic consumers » 1. single-phase two-wire system » 2. three-phase three-wire system » 3. three-phase four-wire system _Types of wiring » Commonly used types of wiring systems for residential buildings ,commercial buildings etc. » 1. Cleat wiring » 2. Wooden casing and capping wiring » 3.C.T. SorT. R. S. wiring » 4.Metal Sheathed or Lead Sheathed wiring » 5. Conduit wiring _Cleat wiringCleat wiring » Cleat wiring is normally used for temporary wiring purpose. » Ex..functions, marriages...etc. » In this type of wiring vulcanized india rubber(V.I.R) or polyvinyl chloride(PVC) insulated wires are used as conductors. » Wires are held by the help of porcelain cleat which are placed 6mm off the walls or ceilings. _Cleat wiring » Types of cleats.......... » ... 1. one groove » ...2, two grooves and » ...3. three groovesCleat wiring » Advantages » 1. cheapest system of internal wiring » 2. installation and dismantlement is easy and quick » 3. material is recoverable after the dismantlement » 4. inspection, alternations and additions can be easily made » 5. skill required is little _Cleat wiring » Disadvantages » 1. it is not looking good » 2. quit temporary and perishes quickly » 3. wire are exposed to mechanical injury » 4. oil and smoke are injurious to V.I.R insulation » 5. not suitable for domestic premises. _Cleat wiring » Field of application » 1. the wiring of this type is suitable for temporary installations in dry places. » 2. this is also accepted where appearance is not so important and cheapness is the main consideration _ ,Wooden Casing and Capping Wiring » This is one of the cheapest type of wiring and is commonly used for house wiring. » The cable used in this type of wiring is either V.I.R or P.V.C or any approved insulated cables. » Casing consist of V-shaped grooves and is covered by rectangular strip of teak wood known as capping. » This type of wiring adopted up to 250 Vin dry places and in places where no risk of fire.Wooden Casing and Capping Wiring ‘ton Goins FoR QlecTRIC WIRING :Wooden Casing and Capping Wiring » Advantages » 1. better appearance than cleat wiring » 2. cheap in cost » 3. easy to install and rewire » 4. easy to inspect by opening the capping _ ,Wooden Casing and Capping Wiring » Disadvantages » 1. not suitable in damp places » 2. risk of fire » 3. this type of wiring can only be used on surface and can not be concealed in plaster. » 4.Since it requires better workmanship , labour cost is more _ .Wooden Casing and Capping Wiring » Field of application » This type of wiring is suitable for low voltage domestic installations in dry places and where there is no risk of fire hazards _ .C.T.S or T.R.S Wiring » This type of wiring is also used for house wiring and is quite cheap. » Cab tyre sheathed (C.T.S) wire or tough rubber sheathed (T.R.S) wire is normally used as conductor for this wiring. 3 4 1. CONDUCTOR 2. RUBBER INSULATION 3. RUBBER SHEATH 4. BRAIDING _ 16C.T.S or T.R.S Wiring » The wires are run on the teak wooden battens which are fixed on the wall or the ceiling by means of screws and wooden plugs. » C.T.S OR T.R.S cables used are not much affected by chemicals , water, and steam. _ .C.T.S or T.R.S Wiring Advantages . itis easy to install and repair . it gives better appearance . its life is long . it is fire proof up to a certain limit . itis cheaper than other types of wiring except cleat wiring » 6. conductors have strong insulations » 7. chemicals do not affect the conductor insulation _ . » » a a » a uUBWNSC.T.S or T.R.S Wiring » Disadvantages » 1. the conductors are open and liable to mechanical injury thus this type of wiring cannot be used in workshops etc. » 2. its use in places open to sun and rain is restricted » 3. good workmanship is suitable where acids and alkalis to be prescut. _ ,Metal Sheathed Wiring » This type of wiring is adopted for low voltage installation. » This system is similar to C.T.S wiring except that the cable used is different in this wiring system. » In this type of system conductors are insulated with V.I.R and then covered with an outer sheath of lead aluminium alloy containing 95% lead and 5% aluminium.