MARKING SCHEME

STPM SEMESTER 1 2013 / 14 962 / 1 (CHEMISTRY)

Section B and C
16 a) - Ammonia has attraction forces / polar molecules / hydrogen b) i. m1 : - Hund's rule : orbitals with the same energy levels are
bond / weak Van Der Waals forces / intermolecular forces [1] each filled with 1e- singly / parallel spins @ degenerate orbitals
- particle has volume / large molecular size / occupied space [1] with maximum number of parallel e- are more stable [1]
b) - low pressure ; high temperature [1] m2 : - electronic configuration X = 1s22s22p3 @ diagram [1]
c) - PV = nRT @ PV = mRT / MR [1] - 2px , 2py , 2pz must be filled with single e-/ parallel spin [1]
PM R m MR [1] ii. m1 : 2s [1] 2py 2pz 2px
ρ= / ρ= y y
m2 : shape [1]
RT V RT m3 : label 2px [1]
d) Total MR = 17.0 + 4.0 + 28.0 = 49.0 [1] x x
(1.01 × 105 )(49.0) [1] z z
ρ= (ins 49.0)
(8.31)(30 + 273)
In g dm-3 ; p = 1.97 g dm-3 (3 s.f.) [1] 19 a) i. m1 : - Electron pair repulse as far apart as possible. [1]
m2 : - lone-pair & lone-pair repulsion > lone-pair & bond-pair
17 a) Calculate 1/ [C4H6] and place in graph accordingly [1] repulsion > bond-pair & bond-pair repulsion [1]
Time / s 0 1000 1800 3000 4000 ii. Alt : (If CF2I+ ; m1 - 3 b.p.e ; m2 : trigonal planar ; m3 : 1200)
[C4H6] / 10-3 ClF2+ SF4
13.3 8.54 6.67 5.00 4.17
mol dm-3 Structure @
1/ [C4H6] / description [1] [1]
75.2 117 150 200 240
mol-1 dm3
Bond pair m1 : 2 b.p.e- / 1 l.p.e- m4 : 4 b.p.e- / 1 l.p.e-
b) Axis [1] (with unit) ; plotting points [1] ; linear plot [1] & Lone pair m2 : bent [1] m5 : see-saw [1]
300 Angle m3 : 104.5 ≤ x < 109.5 m6 : y < 1800
b) i. m1 : - MgCl2 has ionic bond / fix position / no mobile e- [1]
1/[C4H6] / mol-1 dm 3

250 m2 : - molten MgCl2 contain free mobile ions [1]

200 m3 : - Cu can delocalise e- in solid and molten state [1]
ii. m1 : - Ice has open lattice structure @ diagram contain 5 H2O [1]
150 m2 : - Ice occupied larger volume than water (or reverse) [1]
100 m3 : - when ice melt, the hydrogen bond broken [1]
m4 : - hence water molecule become closer / distance smaller [1]
50
0 20. a) * For m3 : KC is inverse of KC'
[ AB]2 [ A ][ B ] 1
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 m1 : K C = [1] m 2 : K 'C = 2 22 [1] m3 : K C = ' [1]
[ A 2 ][ B 2 ] [AB] Kc
time / s b) A + 2B ↔ 2C
Initial 1.0 / 2.0 1.5 / 2.0 0
c) i. second order [1] Changes - 0.35 / 2 - 0.35 + 0.35
ii. gradient = rate constant (ins gradient / k ) 0.5 - x @ 0.75 - 2x @ 0 + 2x
240 − 200 At eq. m1 : 0.325 [1] m2 : 0.40 [1] 0.35
k= [1] ; k = 0.040 mol −1dm 3s −1 [1]
4000 − 3000 [C]2 (0.35) 2
m3 : K C = [1] m4 : K C = [1]
iii. rate equation ; rate = k [C4H6]2 (follow through i. order) [1] [ A][B]2 (0.325)(0.40) 2
m5 : Kc = 2.4 mol-1 dm3 [1]
18. a) Energy (m1)
n=∞ b) ii. Using Van't Hoff equation [1]
n= 5 m1 : ∆H  1 
ln K =  +C
n= 4 R  T1 
m2 : K 2 ∆H  1 1  [1]
n= 3 ln =  − 
K1 R  T1 T2 
n= 2 m3 : K 2 − 20000  1 1  [1]
ln =  − 
2.4 8.31  1000 1300 
n= 1 m4 : K2 = 1.4 mol-1 dm3 (accept : 1 mol-1 dm3) [1]
Lyman Series (m2) Balmer Series (m3)
* Show at least 1 electron transfer) iii. m1 : - Since forward reaction is exothermic,
m4 : energy level converge (become closer) m2 : - equilibrium shift to left [1]
ii. m1 : f = 3.00 x 108 / 121.6 x 10-9 [1] m2 : 2.47 x 1015 s-1 [1] m3 : - [C] decrease [1]
m3 : f = c / λ or ∆E = hf [1]
m4 : ∆E = 6.63 x 10-34 x 2.47 x 1015 s [1]
m5 : E = 1.64 x 10-18 J [1]
Alternative : ∆E = hf @ h c / λ [m1 + m2] (if only E = hf [m2])
(6.63 × 10 −34 ) (3.00 × 108 ) [ m3] m5 : E = 1.64 x 10-18 J [1]
∆E =
121.6 × 10 −9 [m 4]