O2 Cl2 H2O Oxide with H2O Chloride with H2O

Sodium Orange-yellow Orange-yellow Catch fire in cold H2O, violently Strongly alkaline Dissolves in water, forms neutral solution -> Na+ , Cl-
flame, white flame, White NaCl exothermic -> form NaOH, H2 solution -> NaOH pH 13. pH 7
Na2O
Magnesium Brilliant white Brilliant white flame Slowly with Cold water – form Weakly alkaline, almost Slight hydrolysis
flame, white -> MgCl2 Mg(OH)2 + H2. With steam – Form insoluble -> Mg(OH)2 pH [Mg(H2O)6]2+ + 2Cl-
MgO MgO + H2 9. [Mg(H2O)6]2+(aq) + H2O(l) -> [Mg(H2O)5(OH)]+ + H3O+(aq)
pH 6.5
Aluminium Powdered -> Forms ionic AlCl3 -> ------ Does not dissolve – has Hydrolyses in water
white flame -> burns high lattice energy AlCl3 + 6H2O -> [Al(H2O)6]3+(aq) + 3Cl-(aq)
Al2O3 [Al(H2O)6]3+(aq) + H2O(l) -> [Al(H2O)5(OH)]2+(aq) + H3O+(aq)
White fumes of HCl, acidic solution
Burns slowly -> Burns slowly -> SiCl4 ------ ---- Has strong covalent SiCl4 (l) + 2H2O(l) -> SiO2 (s) + 4HCl(g) pH 2
SiO2 – is a colourless bond Completely hydrolyses, white fumes of HCl
liquid and vaporises
Phosphorus White flame, PCl3(fuming liquid) + ----- Form acidic solution, pH PCl3 (l) + 3H2O(l) -> H3PO3 (aq) + 3HCl(g) pH 2
(P4) cloud of PCl5(off white solid, 2 Reacts violently in a hydrolysis reaction, fumes of HCl
covalent oxide. major product in P4O6 + 6H2O -> 4H3PO3 PCl5 – ionic off white solid at rtp, sublimes at 163 C to
P4O6 – when excess Cl) P4O10 + 6H2O -> 4H3PO4 give PCl5 + Cl2
limited, PCl5 (s) + 4H2O(l) -> H3PO4 (aq) +5HCl(g) pH 2
P2O10 – excess Violent hydrolysis reaction, fumes of HCl
O2
Sulphur (S8) Blue flame -> S2Cl2 -> orange, evil ------ Acidic solution , pH 2 -----
SO2, SO3 smelling. SO2 + H2O -> H2SO3
SO3 + H2O -> H2SO4
Chlorine (Cl2) Does not react ----- ----- ----- -----
directly with O2