CHAPTER II

HISTORY OF BACOLOD CITY

Bacolod is the capital of the province of Negros Occidental. It is

famous for its Masskara Festival that they celebrate during the month of
October. Masskara Festival is famous because of their bright costumes and
colorful props, they also have a vivid mix of dance and music, and because
of this festival their province earned the nickname “City of Smiles”.

The name Bacolod was from the Hiligaynon word “bakolod”. In 1894
Bacolod was occupied by the spaniards. That same year Governor Manuel
Valdivieso Morquencho was ordered by Governor General Narciso Claveria
to announce and make Bacolod as the capital of Negros province.
Bernardino de los Santos was the first Gobernadorcillo of Bacolod along
and together with Fray Julian who became the first parish priest in the city.
The next one that occupied Bacolod was the Japanese people, they
occupied Bacolod on May 21, 1942. Because of the Filipinos and and
Americans working together, Bacolod city was then liberated on May 29,
1945 and was rehabilitated under Mayor Vicente Remitio from 1947 to
1949.

The small settlement grew and emerged as an urbanized city with a

population now around 500,000 and named as one of the two "Cleanest
and Greenest Highly Urbanized Cities in the Philippines", it also recognized
as the most Business and child friendly city as well as Best in disaster risk
management and has been appointed by the European Union as the pilot
city for democratic Local governance for Southeast Asia in the Philippines.
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

Bacolod is located on the northwest coast of the Province of Negros

Occidental. It is bounded on the northwest by the town of Talisay; on the
east by the City of Silay and the town of Victorias; on the east and southwest
by the town of Murcia; on the southwest by the City of Bago; and in the west
by Guimaras Strait. The global location of Bacolod City is 10 degrees, 40
minutes and 40 seconds – north and 122 degrees 54 minutes and 25
seconds – east with the Bacolod Public Plaza as the benchmark.

It is accessible by the sea at the ports of Banago, BREDCO at

Reclamation area (1,160,000 sq. m) and the port of the Municipality of
Pulupandan. The Bacolod-Silay Airport in Silay City, Negros Occidental,
serves the air transport requirements of the people of Bacolod City. It is
situated about 24 kilometers from Bacolod City. The existing Bacolod City
Airport had ceased its operation upon the opening of the Bacolod-Silay
Airport. The City Government of Bacolod has a pending request/proposal
with the national government thru the Civil Aviation Administration of the
Philippines for the re-opening of Bacolod City Airport to sustain its growth
and development.

Alangilan is the farthest barangay. The biggest barangay in terms of

area is Granada and the smallest is Barangay 29. The most densely
populated barangay is Handumanan in the rural area while in the urban area
it is Barangay 35. Barangay Mansilingan is the most populous barangay
followed by Taculing, Estefania, Villamonte and Tangub. Among the
barangays which have the lowest population are: Barangays 24, 21, 37, 25
and 11. As of October 2010, Barangay Villamonte has the most number of
registered voters at 18,510 while Barangay 24 has the least number of
voters at 238 but with the highest turnout at 84%.
DEMOGRAPHY OF BACOLOD CITY

Population of Bacolod City increased at the rate of 1.78 percent

annually

Based on the 2010 Census of Population and Housing (CPH),

Bacolod City, a highly urbanized city in the province of Negros Occidental,
posted a total population of 511,820 persons as of May 1, 2010. This is
larger by 82,744 persons compared to its total population of 429,076
persons counted in the 2000 CPH. The increase in the population count
from 2000 to 2010 translated to an average annual population growth rate
(PGR) of 1.78 percent. This is higher than the 1.65 percent annual PGR of
the city between the census years 1990 and 2000.

If the average annual PGR recorded at 1.78 percent during the

period 2000 to 2010 continues, the population of Bacolod City would double
in 39 years.

Forty years ago, the population of Bacolod City was only 187,300
persons. This population size is more than one third of the population of
the city in the 2010 CPH.
POPULATION STRUCTURE
 MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION

 By Jeepney
 By Car
 By Taxis
 By Tricycles

CLIMATE GRAPH // WEATHER BY MONTH BACOLOD

RAINFALL INFORMATION
 WIND INFORMATON

EARTHQUAKE

Bacolod City has had: (M1.5 or greater)

As of Year, 2019 Bacolod had:

 0 earthquakes in the past 24 hours

 0 earthquakes in the past 7 days
 1 earthquake in the past 30 days
 14 earthquakes in the past 365 days

The largest earthquake in Bacolod City:

 this month: 4.5 in Santa Fe, Mimaropa, Philippines

 this year: 6.4 in Tutubigan, Eastern Visayas, Philippines
TOPOGRAPHY

Elevation/Sloping:

The City is ideally located on the level area, slightly sloping as it extends
toward the sea with average slopes of 0.9 percent for the city proper and
between 3 to 5 for the suburbs. The altitude is 32.8 feet or 10.0 meters
above sea level. The benchmark is the Bacolod Public Plaza.

GEOLOGY:

Land Forms

There are two visible landforms in Bacolod, the coastal and alluvial plains.

The coastal geomorphology consists of tidal flats that are characterized by

the presence of mangroves both of the palm (nipa) and tree (bakawan)
variety as well as fishponds. The coastal landform is also composed of
beach ridges and swales. These landforms are derived from the mixture of
fluvial and marine deposits. It has a level to nearly level relief. The coastal
barangays of Banago, Brgy. 1, 2, 10, 12, 16, 35, and estuaries barangays
of Singcang (Magsungay), Pahanocoy, Punta-taytay, Tangub and Sum-ag
straddle this landform.

The broad alluvial plains consist of river terraces and river fans which
represent the deposition of the river system. Most of the agricultural
barangay of Alangilan, Granada, and Sum-ag belong to this landform.
SOIL TYPE

Nine soil types occur in Bacolod City, namely: hydrosol, rough mountainous
land, silay sandy loan, silay loam, bago sandy clay loam, guimbala-on fine
sandy loam, bago fine sandy loam, guimbala-on loam, and tupi fine sandy
loam.

1.) Hydrosol - this type of soil formation is found all along the coastal areas
of the city. The soil is not suited for crops, as it is most of the time covered
by sea water, especially during high tide. The soil varies in texture from
sand to clay. It is gray to bluish gray, indicating its poor drainage condition.

2.) Rough Mountainous Land - this miscellaneous land type is of non-

agricultural value. But unlike it, the areas classified under rough
mountainous land are mostly derived from basalt and andesites. These are
fine-texture rock mainly dark in color and of volcanic origin. Because of the
humid condition and the comparatively high temperature prevailing in the
locality, rock weathering is intense with the resulting formation of deep soils.
In some sections outcrops of boulders are abundant.
It is hilly and mountainous roughly broken by very deep guiles and canons,
cliffs, creeks and rivers. The soil formed from the decomposition of this rock
is dark brown to reddish brown loam to clay loam, raging in thickness from
20 to 35 centimeters. These areas are covered by Lantawan Peak, Mounts
Mandalagan, Silay and Canla-on. The chain of mountain ranges along the
boundary between Occidental and Oriental Negros are classified under this
category subsoil, grayish brown when wet to gray when dry, silt loam.

3.) Silay Sandy Loam - this type of soil series is found near Bacolod,
Talisay and Bago Abuanan. This soil has a nearly flat topography with good
external drainage. The internal drainage is poor. The surface soil is very
loose and friable, the layer and depth is from 20 to 25 centemeter, dark gray
when dry becomes almost black when wet. There are no stones or rock
outcrops in this soil type. It is acidic ranging from 5.00 – 6.00. This soil is
more acidic than the sandy loam type. The high acidity may be attributed
by the constant application of ammonium sulfate. The organic matter
content of this soil is very low.

4.) Silay Loam – fairly well due to the presence of drainage canals drained.
It has a thick layer of heavy clay as part of the substratum. Drainage in this
case is very much checked. The surface soil is usually from 15 to 20 cm.
thick, which is dark gray to almost black. It is triable when moist but
becomes a little crumbly to almost slightly clodded. This is especially true
under lowland rice conditions. Stones or rock outcrops of any kind are
absent in this soil. The appearance of this soil indicates the presence of
more organic matter than in the sandy loam or fine sandy loam types. Some
parts of this soil type are grown to sugar cane, while the others are devoted
to lowland rice fields, weeds and rice straw are plowed under during the
preparation of the field for rice.

5.) Bago Sandy Clay Loam - this soil type is found in widely, scattered
areas in the lower sections of the upland soils. Unlike the other types, Bago
sandy clay loam occurs in the low-lying areas between high slopes. It has
very poor internal and external drainage. The surface soil has the
characteristics of clay properties and is gray to light gray in color. When
wet it is soft plastic and sticky. The soil ranges from 15 to 30 cm. depth.
The bluish gray soil is poor drainage, it is sticky when wet and becomes
hard and compact upon drying. Bago sandy clay loam is seldom devoted
to upland crops.

6.) Guimbala-on Fine Sandy Loam - the surface soil of Guimbala-on fine
sandy loam is light brown when wet, to a depth from 20 to 30 cm. the horizon
lies over a clay substratum. Drainage is good to fair and the topography is
generally flat to undulating bamboo clumps are abundant along the banks
of creeks and gullies. Sugar cane is the most important crop grown in this
soil type; other crops grown are upland rice and corn. This soil is acidic with
a ph of 5.5 like the other types. This soil needs liming and green manuring
in order to partly increase the organic matter content of the soil and by
addition of more nitrogen and other mineral elements in valuable forms.

7.) Bago Fine Sandy Loam – this soil type has generally an undulating
slope. This type has an elevation of about 8 ft. above sea level. Drainage
is externally and internally poor. The loose and friable surface soil has
always been constantly washed away due to poor percolation. Erosion in
this soil type is serious. The surface soil generally ranges in thickness from
10 to 15 cm. and reaches up to 20 cm. The loose and friable fine sandy
loam is gray when dry but becomes flow of the water. Contour farming and
strip cropping are some of the practices suggested. Sugar cane is the
principal crop raised on this soil type. The soil is deficient in potash and
considered poor.

8.) Guimbala-on Loam - guimbala-on clay cannot be cultivated in wide lots

because of gullies and rivers, the loam type is not so dissected or broken.
The elevation of this soil type varies from 400 to 500 ft. This is a medium
brown soil, varying from light brown to dark brown or dark grayish brown
when moist. The surface soil depth from 20 to 30 cm. sugarcane is the
principal crop grown in this soil type. Other upland crops are rice and corn.

9.) Tupi Fine Sandy Loam - this soil type has a surface soil with a depth
from 5 to 30 cm. and ranges in texture from sandy to silty. The soil is dark
gray to grayish black when dry but becomes black when wet and easy to
plow.
The soil in the level areas of the city are suitable for production of primary
crops such as: rice, sugarcane, coconuts and vegetables. Areas adjacent
to the shoreline are suited for aquamarine culture.
LINKS:

https://www.worldweatheronline.com/bacolod-city-weather-averages/bacolod/ph.aspx

https://xcessaj.wordpress.com/history-of-bacolod-city/

https://www.citypopulation.de/php/philippines-visayas-admin.php?adm2id=184501

https://psa.gov.ph/content/bacolod-city-posted-population-512-thousand-results-2010-
census-population-and-housing

https://www.scribd.com/document/300102641/Bacolod-History-2

https://earthquaketrack.com/ph-06-bacolod-city/recent