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Lecture 2 - Fuzzy Inference System
Lecture 2 - Fuzzy Inference System
Parveen Malik
Assistant Professor
School of Electronics Engineering
KIIT University
Outline
• Fuzzy Inference system
• Extension Principle
• Linguistic Variable
• Fuzzy Relations
Fuzzy Inference system (FIS)
Time-Series Prediction
Automatic Control
Decision Analysis
Fuzzy Inference system (FIS)
Popular Computing frame work based upon
• Fuzzy set theory
• Fuzzy IF THEN Rules
• Fuzzy Reasoning
Extension Principle
• Extends crisp domains of mathematical expression to fuzzy domains.
• Generalizes a common point to point mapping of a function to a
mapping between fuzzy sets.
𝝁𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆 𝜸 = 𝟏 − 𝝁𝒕𝒓𝒖𝒆 𝜸 = 𝟏 − 𝜸
𝝁𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒚 𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆 𝜸 = (𝝁𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆 𝜸 )𝟐
𝝁𝒇𝒂𝒊𝒓𝒍𝒚 𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆 𝜸 = (𝝁𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆 𝜸 )𝟏/𝟐
𝟏 𝒊𝒇 𝜸 = 𝟏
𝝁𝒂𝒃𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒍𝒚 𝒕𝒓𝒖𝒆 𝜸 = ቊ
𝟎 𝒐𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒘𝒊𝒔𝒆
𝟏 𝒊𝒇 𝜸 = 𝟎
𝝁𝒂𝒃𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒍𝒚 𝒇𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆 𝜸 =ቊ
𝟎 𝒐𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒘𝒊𝒔𝒆
Example (J.S.R Jhang) :
T(Age) = { young, not young, very young, not very young,
middle aged, not middle aged,…,
old, not old, very old, more or less old, not very old,…,
not very young and not very old }
Definition : Concentration and dilation of linguistic values
Let A be a linguistic value characterized by a fuzzy set with membership
function 𝝁𝑨 . . Then 𝐴𝑘 is interpreted as a modified version of the
original linguistic value expressed as
𝑨𝒌 = න 𝝁𝑨 𝒙 𝒌 Τ𝒙
𝑿
Concentration and dilation (J.S.R Jhang) :
Definition : Concentration and dilation of linguistic values
Let A be a linguistic value characterized by a fuzzy set with membership
function 𝝁𝑨 . . Then 𝐴𝑘 is interpreted as a modified version of the
original linguistic value expressed as
𝑨𝒌 = න 𝝁𝑨 𝒙 𝒌Τ
𝒙
𝑿
Concentration is Expressed as
𝑪𝑶𝑵(𝑨) = 𝑨 𝟐 = 𝝁𝑨 𝒙 𝟐 - very
Dilation is Expressed as
𝑫𝑰𝑳(𝑨) = 𝑨 𝟎.𝟓 = 𝝁𝑨 𝒙 𝟏/𝟐
- more or less
Examples (J.S.R Jhang) :
Denoted by 𝑨 → 𝑩
Fuzzy IF THEN Rules
IF x is A Then y is B
Rules: R = A→ 𝑩 = 𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒖𝒑𝒍𝒆𝒅 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝑩
1. R = A → 𝑩 = 𝑨 × 𝑩 = 𝒚 𝑩𝝁˄ 𝒙 𝑨𝝁 𝒀×𝑿Τ 𝒙, 𝒚 𝑴𝒂𝒎𝒅𝒂𝒏𝒊
2. R = A → 𝑩 = 𝑨 × 𝑩 = 𝒚 𝑩𝝁 𝒙 𝑨𝝁 𝒀×𝑿Τ(𝒙, 𝒚) Larsen
(Algebraic Product)
R = 𝑨 𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒊𝒍𝒔 𝑩
Rules:
1. 𝑹𝒂 = ¬𝑨 ∪ 𝑩 =
𝟏(˄𝟏 𝒀×𝑿− 𝝁𝑨 𝒙 + 𝝁𝑩 𝒚 )Τ 𝒙, 𝒚 𝒁𝒂𝒅𝒆𝒉 𝑨𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒉𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒄
2. 𝑹𝒎𝒎 = ¬𝑨 ∪ (𝑨 ∪ 𝑩) =
𝟏( 𝒀×𝑿− 𝝁𝑨 𝒙 )˅(𝝁𝑨 𝒙 ˄𝝁𝑩 𝒚 )Τ 𝒙, 𝒚 𝒁𝒂𝒅𝒆𝒉 𝑴𝒊𝒏𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝒓𝒖𝒍𝒆
Fuzzy Reasoning
Fuzzy Reasoning ( Approximate Reasoning) is an inference
procedure that derives conclusions from a set of fuzzy IF THEN
rules and Known Facts.
Modus Ponens Modus Tollens
Example:
Premise 1 (Fact ) : If tomato is more or less red
Premise 2 (Rule ) : If tomato is red then it is ripe
Conclusion : it is more or less ripe
𝐂 ′ = 𝐀′ × 𝐁′ ∘ 𝑨 × 𝑩 → 𝑪
Fuzzy Reasoning
Multiple Rule with Multiple Antecedents
𝐂 ′ = 𝐀′ × 𝐁 ′ ∘ ( 𝑹𝟏 ∪ 𝑹𝟐 )