Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Being overweight may be harmful than you thought

A new study conducted that by researchers from the University of Bristol, United
Kingdom that there was some connection between the risk of death and the BMI
by examining the health records of the father, mother and child. A professor from
the University of Bristol, explained the benefits of this methodology. As a director
of (MRC IEU) MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, he said “We are used to seeing
conflicting studies purporting to show that something is either good or bad for
our health. These generally come from naive observational studies, which can
produce seriously misleading findings “
BMI (Body Mass Index) is a way of defining a person’s weight or mass. However,
studies show that there are harmful effects to having a high BMI. Researchers
discovered that having a lower BMI has a lesser chance of having damaging
effects rather than a high BMI that would cause some harmful effects.
A few people believe that being overweight do have some positive outcomes,
however, disregarding these positive outcomes, there’s still a higher percentage
of the negative effects. This was said because, due to previous studies, people die
minimally above the range in which the doctor usually recommended which is
between 18.5 to 25 kilograms per square meter.
Being overweight does have negative sides to it. From heart diseases to diabetes,
including high blood pressure is very dangerous. Knowing that these are the
common causes of death among people across the world, with having one thing
in common; overweightness.
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Review of Related Literature and Studies

Can Obesity lead to Cancer?

Being overweight doesn’t necessarily mean that you have a high risk of being
prone to having cancer. It only dictates that the more weight a person gains, the
higher the risk and possibilities of getting prone to cancer. According to the
article, fat isn’t just fat, but they are active particles that could activate and divide
into more cells that can lead to cancer. However, children won’t get affected
since this is only applied to adults. However, research shows that the risk of
cancer has many possibilities and not only because of being overweight.
Somehow, there is a link between obesity and cancer that researchers found out
from doing decades of research. But if we look at a bigger picture, being
overweight is not the only cause of cancer.
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Review of Related Literature and Studies

Can overweightness shorten life expectancy?

A group of researchers lead a study from the National Institutes of Health,

discovered that being overweight can shorten your life expectancy up to 14 years.
Due to the reason of the many diseases caused by overweightness, like heart
disease, stroke, diabetes and kidney and liver diseases. According to the
researchers’ findings and its accuracy, there is indeed a chance that the next
generation would have a higher death rate due to the fact of being overweight
and a possibly that this could be a major problem outbreak.
In 2014, it was conducted that being overweight could shorten a persons’ lifesan
up to 8 years, but recently, a study showed in 2018 that obesity can decrease the
lifespan up to 14 years. Seeing this, the passing 4 years had increased its life
expectancy of a person. The Lifespan of a person could live up to a 100 years old.
But those people that lived for a really long time are healthy people and you
won’t find where one is overweight or obesity. In order to live a long life, one
must be healthy. But being overweight, there is no possibility where a person
could live as long as 100 years.
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Review of Related Literature and Studies
What are the health risks of being overweight?

There are a lot of health problems that could happen when you are overweight,
and some may even trigger the diseases because of overweightness.
The following are some health problems caused by overweight:
- Type 2 diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Heart diseases and strokes
- Certain types of cancer
- Sleep apnea
- Osteoarthritis
- Fatty liver diseases
- Kidney disease
Although, gaining weight isn’t really problem, but the fact that you led your
body to the point that you are an obese person isn’t healthy anymore, and that
you need to change your daily eating habits.
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Review of Related Literature and Studies
How do you tell someone they need to lose weight?

We have friends, families, people that we know are overweight. Knowing the
risks factors could lead them a short life, which we do not want. Telling them to
lose weight, could result their emotions to a negative one. How do you tell
someone to lose weight? It’s hard but it’s doable. Telling them doesn’t
necessarily mean you’re insulting them, but only wanting them to live a
healthier and longer life. The following are steps that could help your loved
ones to lose weight without intentionally hurting their emotions.
1. According to Jackie Raha, ‘ you can’t motivate someone to lose weight ‘
because ‘ people motivate themselves. They don’t get motivation from
someone else ‘