I.

Introduction: ESSENCE AND NATURE OF VALUES

1. VALUES
 It is important and lasting beliefs or ideals shared by the members of culture
about what is good or bad and desirable or undesirable
 It has a major influence on a person’s behavior and attitude.
 It has been interpreted to mean “such standards by means of which the ends of
action are selected”.

2. Characteristics of value
 Values are different for each person.
 It is defined as a concept of the desirable, an internalized creation or standard
of evaluation a person possesses.
 They influence people’s behavior and serve as criteria for evaluating the actions
of others.
3. Types of values
A. Terminal Values
 We think are most important or most desirable.
 Desirable end states of existence, achieve during his or her life time.
B. Instrumental Values
 These more focused on personality traits and character.
4. Importance of values
 The influence attitudes and behavior.
 These allow the members of an organization to interact harmoniously.
 They are the guideposts of our lives, and they direct us to who we want to be.
5. Source of values
 Family, Friends, Community or society, School, Media, Relatives, Organization,
Religion, History, Books.
 Values help to guide our behavior. By deciding what is right, wrong, good, or unjust.
II. THE ESSENCE AND NATURE OF VALUES EDUCATION
1. VALUES EDUCATION
 It is an education where learners learn value from educators and implement
them in future to lead a better life, the life of humanity where religion has no
importance, the thing that value most is your character.
 It starts from home and continues throughout the life. School has the bigger
role to the children for their better tomorrow.
III. THE VALUE OF THE VALUES EDUCATION
1. Man as a Value-Carrier
2. Filipino need discipline- Senator Leticia Ramos-Shahani
3. Value Criteria
1. A Value must be chosen freely
2. Chosen from alternatives
3. Chosen after considering the consequences
4. Must be performed
5. Becomes a pattern of a life
 6. Cherished
7. Publicly affirmed
8. Enhances the person’s total growth
IV. Philosophy and Ethics
1. Nature of Philosophy
a. Man is both rational and moral being. The capacity to think.
b. Knowledge of things by their ultimate causes or reasons.
c. It is a critical reflection on the data of human experience.
d. Search for total human meaning of man’s existence and experience.
2. Role of Philosophy
a. To ask genuine philosophical questions
b. Pronounces judgment upon science and technology
c. To provide the person with his “map of living” make human life a meaningful.
d. Present-to-review things, those that appear.
V. The Principle of Human Dignity
1. Church
a. Human dignity originates from God, because we are made in God’s own image
and likeness.
2. Political
a. Equality is a foundation of the political vision.