GOLDEN TRIANGLE OF CONSTITUTION

The article considered as the golden triangle of indian constitution

 Article 14,19 and 21

The article known as the base of fundamental rights

 Article 21

Rights to education – article 21

Right to education to become a fundamental right by the 86th constitutional amendment act of 2002
(93rd bill). By the amendment article 21a was inserted in to the constitution .

According to article 21a the state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children in the age
of six to fourteen years .

Right to education act came into force in april 1 ,2010.

Article prohibits traffic in human beings and other similar forms of forced labour

 Article 23

Article prohibits employment of children below the age of 14 years (child labour )in any factory,mine or
other hazardous activities.

 Article 23

Article provides the protection of interests of minorities.

 Article 29

Article provides the right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions .

 Article 30

Article provides the right to constitutional remedies for the enforcement of fundamental rights by the
supreme court. Without this article the entire list of fundamental Rights becomes meaningless.

 Article 32
  Dr ambedkar called article 32 as “the fundamental of the fundamental rights” and “the heart
and the soul of the constitution”.

TYPES OF WRITS

There are 5 categories of writs are

1. Habeas corpus
2. Mandamus
3. Quo-warranto
4. Prohibition
5. Certiorari

Habeas corpus – the word habeas corpus is originated from latin .it literally means “to have the
body or to produce the body” it is an order issued by the court to a person who has detained
another person to produce the latter before the court.
The writ of habeas corpus is known as the protector (bulwark)of personnel freedom.

Mandamus - mandamus literally means “we command “.it is a command issued by the court to
a public official asking him to perform is duties that he has failed or refuse to perform.the writ of
mandamus cannot be issued against a private individual.

Quo-warranto – literally means “by what authority “ it is issued by the court to enquire into the
legality of claim of a person to a public office and oust him if he is not qualified to hold that
office .

Prohibition – it literally means “to forbid “. It is issued by the supreme court or high courts to a
lower court or to a tribunal prevent the latter from exceeding its jurisdiction.
The writ of prohibition can be issued only against judicial or quasi judicial authorities .

Certiorari – it means “ to be certified “ or “ to be informed “ it is issued by the supreme court or

high courts to a lower court or a tribunal to transfer a case pending before the latter to the
higher court for review .

NO CONFUSION

Directive principles became part of constitutions by the recommendations of - Tej Bahadur Spru
Committee.
CITY SOBRIQUETS

Cathedral city of India - Bhuvaneswar

City of Bangles , city of luck ,- Hydrabad
City of pearls , garden city of India , space city of India , electronic city of India – Bengaluru
Blue city –Jhodpur
Pink city – Jaipur
White city –Udaipur
Sun city of India – Jhodpur
Golden city of India – Jaiselmer
City of golden Temple – Amritsar
Orange city – Nagpur
Grape city – Nasik
City of lake – Udaipur
City of Water falls – Ranchi
Diamond city – Surat
Egg city – Namkel
Cycle city of India – Ludhiana
Denim city of India – Ahmedabad
Coal city of India –Dhanbadh
Tea city of India – Dibrugarh
Solar city – Amritsar
Ecco city , weaver’s city – Panipatt
City of places, city of joy- Kolkatta
City of nawabs - Lucknow
City of 7 island – Mumbai
City of dawn – Auroville.