301C.3 Velocity Pressure 2073.1 Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient Based on the Exposure Category determined in Section 207A.73, 4 velocity pressure exposure coefficient K, oF Ky, 38 applicable, shall be determined ftom Table 207C.3-1 For a site located in a transition zone between exposure categories that is near to a change in ground surface roughness, intermediate values of K, oF Ky, between those shows in Table 207C.41, are permitted, provided that they are determined by a rational analysis method defined in the recognized literature Table 207C.2-1 Stefs to Determine Wind Loads on MWFRS Low-Rise Buildings Step 1: Determine occupancy category of building or other structure, see Table 103-1 Step 2: Determine the basic wind speed, V, for the applicable risk category, see Figure 207A.3- 1A, Bor Step 3: Determine wind toad parameters: % Wind directionality fictor, Ky, see Section 207A. 6 and Table 2074.6-1 > Exposure category B, C or D, sce Section 207A,7 % Topographic factor, Kye, sec Section 2074.8 and Figure 207A.8+1 % Enclosure classification, see Scetion 207A.10 % Intemal pressure coefficient, (GC), see Section 207A.11 and Table 207A.11-1 Step4: Determine velocity pressure _ exposure coefficient, Ky oF Ky, See Fables 207C.3-1 Step: Determine velocity pressure, Gz oF Gay see Equation 207C.3-1 Stop 6: Determine extemal pressure coefficient, (Gc,), using Figure 207C.4-1 for flat and gable roofs, User Note: See Commentary Figure C207C4-1 for guidance on hip roofs. Step 7: Caleulate wind Equation 207C.4-1 pressure, p, from 307C.4 Wind Loads — Main Wind-Force Resisting System 2ICA.L Design Wind Pressure for Low-Rise Buildings. Design wind pressures for the MWERS of low-rise buildings shall be determined by the following equation: p= anl(6Cyr)- (6¢,)] (Nm?) 074-1) where an = velocity pressure evaluated at mean roof height has defined in Section 2074.3. (Gc,,) = extemal pressure coefficient from Figure 207C.4-1 (GC,1) = intemal pressure coefficient from Table 207A.11-1 207C.4.1.1 External Pressure Coefficients (GCpy) ‘The combined gust effect factor and external pressure coefficients for low-rise buildings, (GCpy), are not permitted to be separated. 20742 Parapets The design wind pressure for the effect of parapets on MUWFRS of low-rise buildings with flat, gable, or hip roots, shall be determined by the following equation: Py = Ay (GEpn) (Nim?) (2070.42) where Pp = combined net pressure onthe parapet due to the combination of the net pressures from the from and back parapet surfaces. Plus (and minus) signs. signify nei pressure acting toward (and away from) the front (exterior) side of the parapet dy = locity presture evaluated atthe top of the parapet (Cyn) combined net pressure coefficient +15 for windward parapet = =1.0 for leeward parapet[Roar Angle @ (degrees) [1 [2 i 05 | 040 | -0.69 | 037 20 | 0.53 | -0.69 | -0.48 30-45 [0.56 [0.21 | 0.43 90 | 0.56 | 056 | -037 Roof AD CASE Angle @ Building Surface (degrees) [T [2 [3 [a fs] 6 |e fe ee |e |e eal On| esl clces lose = 990 | o4s | 069 | 0.37 | o4s | 0 | 029 [oa | 107 | 053 | 048 |! | 043 Noe: 1. Pus nd ins signs signify presses acting toward and vay Fon the sree epee. 2. Forvaies of @ cher than hoe shown, near inerpoltion psn 3. The bung mst be designed fora end Gestion singe #fadlig pate shown, The oad pats are applied to ach bung, camer inturn athe Wiadvard Comet. 4 Combinations tetra nd incr press (8 Tobe 207A11-1 hal be evalu ts equ oon he oat severe fangs. S$. Forte estond fad cies show Blow, he pressures inaones designed with a"T" (IT, 21,3147, 5,67 sl be 28% othe all Aesign vin presses Gone 2.3.4 3,8) aces One sore lng hes th oreo 9 alin tres of es frame with gt frame ontrcton an buitdngs two storys oles dese with fsb daplragns ned fo be designed for th oreonc! a cote. “Torsional tong sal apply tall igh a ad patterns using ie figs belo applied al each Windward Corer. {6 Forpuroses of designing a bing» MWTRS, te total harzonl shear sal be estan that eerie By neglecting the wind faces on the rot ‘ieepion Tl provision doe not poy to bilings sing examen ames for the MIPERS 7. ort eof ie @ = 0 and eet the one 2 a zne SEM boundary a the ivi ote bling, B._Thepresire coffient (Gy) when negtve in Zone 2 nd 2E, shal be pli in one 2 fr a diane fom the edge ofthe ool el 03 time he hoz nenson oh ung pri othe dieton of MIWERS being designed or 25 tes he eve ight dhe windward wall whisheer is lex the remainder Zane 272 extending fo thie lne shall we he res coe! (Gyr) for roe 3. 9. Notion: 10% of least orzo ineron Gr 40, whichever muller, tao estan eer ‘Mesa root height in mele oxsp ta ave eis be sed fr 10%, Angle of plane of ot Hom boreal a depeee of leant horizontal dimension of 09 Longitudinal Direction Torsional Load Cases Figure 207¢.4-1 (cominued) Main Wind Force Resisting System — Part 1 External Pressure Coefficients (GC) Enclosed, Partially Enclosed Building se Walls and Roos207CA.3 Roof Overhangs The positive extemal pressure on the bottom surface of windward roof overhangs shall be determined using 6, = 0.7 in combination with the tap surfice pressites deterivined using Figure 207C.4-1 207C.4.4 Minimum Design Wind Loads The wind load w be used in the design of the MWERS for an enclosed or partially enclosed building stall not be less than 0.77 kN/m multiplied by the wall area ofthe building and 0.38 Nin multiplied by the of area ofthe building projecied onto a vertical plane normal tothe assumed wind direction. Table 2076.34 Velocity Pressure Exposure CoeMlicients, Ky and Ky 207C.5 General Requirements ‘The steps required for the determination of MWFRS wind loads on enclosed simple diaphragm buildings are shown in Table 207C. User Note: Part 2 of Section 207C is a simplified method to determine the wind pressure on the MUPERS of enclosed! sintple diaphragm low-rise buildings faving a flat gable or hip roof! The wind pressures are obtainect directly from a tarble and applied on horizontal and vertical projected surfaces of the building. This meshod is a simplification of the Envelope Procedure contained Notes: 1. The velocity pressure exposure coefficient KX, may be determined from the following formula: For4.STmSzS% Forz<4s7m ae kK, 2.01(4.57/%,) K, 2.01(2/74) 2a Nate: z shall not be taken fess than 9 m in exposure B. 2, cand zg are tabulated in Table 207A.9-1 3, Linear interpolation for intermediate values of height zs acceplable. 4, Exposure categories are defined in Section 207A 7. Treight above Exposure in Part 4 of Section 207C. ground level, Z = m B D oae o70_| 043 | 1 WICS.L Wind Load Parameters Specified in Section 61 0.70 [090 [1.08 am 6 070 | 0.94 | 1.12 2 0.70_| 098 [1.16 122 076 | 1.04 | 1.9 The following wind load parameters are specified in 152 ost | 1.09 [127 Seotion 207A: is oss 3_ [131 * Basic Wind Speed V (Section 207.5) + Exposure category (Section 2074.7) = Topographic f Jor Ky, (Section 2070.8) © Enclosure elassification (Section 207.10) Table 207C.5-1 Steps ta Determine Wind Loads on MWERS Simple Step 1: Step 2: Stop 3: Step 4: Step 5 Stop 6 Diaphragm Low-Rise Buildings Determine occupancy category of buikeling or other structure, see Table 103-1 Determine the basic wind speed, V, for the applicable risk category, see Figure 207A.5- 1A, Bor C Determine wind load parameters: ® Exposure category B, C or D, see Section 2074.7 > Topographic factor, Kays sce Section 2074.8 and Figure 207A.8-1 Enter figure fo determine wind pressures for Ie=9m, paps see Figure 207C.6-1 Enter figure to determine adjustment for building height and exposure, 4, sce Figure 207C.6-1 Determine adjusted wind pressures, py, see Equation 207C.6-1207C.6.3 Design Wind Loads simplified design wind pressures, ps, for the MWERS of fow-rise simple diaphragm buildings represent the net pressures (sum of intemal and external) to be applied to the horizontal and vertical projections of building surfaces as shown in Figure 207C.6-1. For the horizontal pressures (Zones A, B, C, D), py is the combination of the windward and Jeeward net pressures. p, shall be determined by the following equation: Ps = AKuP sso (207C.6-), where a adjustment factor for building height and exposure from Figure 207C.6-1 Ky topographic factor as defined in Section 207A.8 evaluated at mean roof height, ht Psso simplified design wind pressure for Exposure B, at A= 9 m from Figure 207C.6- L 207C.6.4 Minimum Design Wind Loads ‘The load effects of the design wind pressures from Section 207C.6.3 shall not be less than a minimum load defined by assuming the pressures, p,, for zones A and C equal to +766 Pa, Zones B and D equal to 1383 Pa, while assuming Ps for Zones E, F, G, and H are equal to 0.0 Pa. CASE A 2 Farce Buse sires down ae split tothe orzo a wer pojextions, fr exposure Bal =9an. ALS oahe: exposures end gh Ie on ptems stow sal be applce to cchcorer ofthe bing nu asthe eens come, (See Figure 20°C) Lea eases | and 2st be ceckelFor 25" < WAS Loa ase? 25" provides only einen betwaen 25" 1nd 30® 5. Plan winussis signify pressures oti one an avy the prolected sufaes,esouiely 7, "The ol evo asa be fst a otra hy sng p= O in ones and.” Sere zone L oe ion a of averang onthe wi proc a he enemy, Ovhep vat sie of he bling, wt And Gon forthe rere on he toizoti lawn od id ge shall ave he bi ve peor pple 110% often herizoal dimension ce Dh, whichever iss, but not esstha eter 4% of lst borin dinesvon oF D9 me th Mens oot high sr enspttcare beg shall ued fr fot angles 1 2: Antle opine af wa frm hoi dares Figure 2070.61 Main Wind Force Resisting System ~ Method 2 Design Wind Pressure Enclosed Buildings h < 187 Walls ard RootsBasie | op Zones wind | ee | toad | Horizontal Pressures Vertical Pressures |__ Overhangs case [a | Bw | c Bon | Gon _| | 1 | 066 | -034 | oa sui | 087 | [1 [or [031 [0.19 =u | -087 a3 | -027 | 05s | =u1_| 087 F; [1 [oor | -02¢ | 061 -lir_| -087 = “0.3 | 06 058 | -058 2 [o | «lo spas 1 | 974 | ost | 050 2 [ora | osi | 059 026 oross | 1 | 117 | oot [078 1.97 1 1 [132 [oss [oss 197 1s 1_[ 148 |-o4s | 098 197 + 20° 1 [462 [-oas [1.08 =197 oe 1_| tas | 023 | 1.07 | 0: me | 122 z [oo [eo [To [io [os ox |e 0 sptoase |_L_| 132 | 09 [9s [072 | 0. 0.68 | -046 | -053 2 [132 | 09 [ios | 072 | ost 028 | -046 | -053 ors | 1 | 183 | 095 | 1.22 | -os7 | -22 097 | 308 | 241 10° 1_| 206 | -oa6 | 1.37 | ovo | 22 not [a0 | 241 1 1 | 231 [076 | 133 | ova | 22 109 |_-s08_| 241 i 20° 1 [253 [-o57 [16s | -037 | -22 alas [308 | -241 i 1_| 231 | 037 | 167 | 039 | 102 ap [19 | -162 2 [oo [a [o | o | oa | 0 0 joa |_L | 206 [i [iss | 13 [016 sio7 | 072 | 083 2 | 206 [rar [a6 | 13 [029 oat | 072 | 089 Figure 2070.64 Main Wind Force Resisting System — Method 2 Design Wind Pressure [Enclosed Buildingsh s 18m Walls and Roofs, Simplified Design Wind Pressute, Pseo (Pa) 10ine Za sal | ae orkonal Prevares Vert Pressres ovehang | depry_| (degrees) | Ca a |eflclpo|el|rt|« | u | con toe [1 [ae lan tis)on an] as | 22 |e | to [1 | aer [ass [aoe parr | oar [as [2a | uae | sae ie] a2 [aw 22 [os [sr | 208 | 22 | isn | as joo [2 [6s | ose [2a [oss 3. 22 ve Lt [siz fos [2ar | 056 [asa =1.06 | rte te lol es [ose “0s soow [t_|as7 [20 [2x0 [v2 [on | 008 2 [27 | 20 [236 rm 098 toe | 1 | 350 | 146 | 238 432 3 tof 1 aoe | ates P00 43 3 ie [oases 3 42 3 jso (2 | Paar [ras [as 432 “a8 | 604 vo Lt 4sz | ora [20 2 [ax an [on | a. ape |olo “ae | ass | 921 0 yous [Lt [aes [a6 [aan oat oa “a 2 [aoe [276 Laat ss vas Loss [ast _[ a1 ‘Adjusent Factor for Balog Helght and Eaposure, 4 as Reet ‘Boome Height (m) B Cc D. os toot a ios t ist, 5 ta} oo 16 it iss 170 if psa i efoto is hig [1361 7 Tipp 1 [ta Figure 207C.6-1 (continued) ‘Main Wind Force Resisting System ~ Method 2 Design Wind Pressure Enelosed Bulldings h < 18 m Walls and Roofs, Simplified Design Wind Pressure, rsyq (Pa) (Exposure Dat h = 9.0 mwith I~ 10