CHAPTER III

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presented, analyzed, interpreted and gathered data to

achieve the research objectives

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
1. Are Oyster Shells (Crassostrea) is an effective material to produce decorative
tiles?
2. Which is more affordable, the commonly used commercial tiles or tiles made in
oyster shells and decorative tiles?
3. Is decorative tiles made in oyster shells appropriate to use?

1. Are Oyster Shells (Crassostrea) is an effective material to produce decorative

tiles?

Oyster Shells is composed of 97.5 percent of Calcium Carbonate where

Calcium oxide comes from, and that calcium oxide is a good Component of
making tiles and that calcium oxide will help us to make our Decorative tiles
more rigid and firm.

The study is composed of different set up, with different quantity of the
materials. It was composed of 3 trials with different quantity of the oyster
shells because the study is focused on how or if the Oyster Shells is a good
component material in making a tile.

Oyster Protein Calcium Calcium Calcium

Strontium
Shells Polysaccharides Magnesium Carbonate Carbide

1.1 Oyster shells that is scattered also serves as silt for reproduction of flies
and other oil-causing insects, which can be carriers of disease-causing bacteria and
viruses. These shells are known as fossil that contains ninety seven and a half percent
(97.5%) calcium carbonate, which is a good source of calcium oxide that made these
shells rigid and firm. The presence of calcium carbonate would make it an ideal
component for tiles.

1.2 Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3. It is a

common substance found in rocks as the minerals calciteand aragonite (most notably
as limestone, which is a type of sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcite) and is the
main component of pearls and the shells of marine organisms, snails, and eggs.
Calcium carbonate is the active ingredient in agricultural lime and is created when
calcium ions in hard water react with carbonate ions to create limescale. It is medicinally
used as a calcium supplement or as an antacid, but excessive consumption can be
hazardous.

1.3 Calcium oxide (CaO), commonly known as quicklime or burnt lime, is a

widely used chemical compound. It is a white, caustic, alkaline, crystalline solid at room
temperature. The broadly used term "lime" connotes calcium-containing inorganic
materials, in which carbonates, oxides and hydroxides of calcium, silicon, magnesium,
aluminium, and iron predominate. By contrast, quicklimespecifically applies to the single
chemical compound calcium oxide. Calcium oxide that survives processing without
reacting in building products such as cement is called free lime.

Figure 2.

Oyster Shells

Calcuim Carbonate
Protein Polysaccharide
Calcium Magnesium
Strontium
Calcium Carbonate
Calcium Carbide

Figure 2 shows the chemical compositions of the Oyster Shells which will help the
Researcher to have a better results or product.
2. Which is more affordable, the commonly used commercial tiles or tiles made in
oyster shells and decorative tiles?

Figure 3.

14

12

10

6 Series 1
Series 2
4
Series 3
2

0
Carpet Tiles Vinyl BK Wall Oyster Shells
Moroccan As Decorative
Style tiles
Geometric
Symmetry Tile

Figure 3. Shows that the alternative tiles is more affordable than the
Commercialized one. The alternative tiles is more affordable than the commercialized
one because they are differ in the materials and in the process of making the tile. They
researcher themselves proved that used things can be used as a alternative materials in
making something, like what the researchers do they used Styrofoam and used oyster
shells instead of just throwing it they think a way to reuse that various material.

3. Is decorative tiles made in oyster shells appropriate to use?

The finished products were compared in terms of texture and color to those
made using silica. Ten evaluators from the staff of the Mariwasa Ceramic Tiles Inc., at
Silang Cavite rated the set-ups in a scale of 1-10 with 1 being the lowest rating and 10
the highest.

It was found out that the texture of the experimental set-up is better than the
control set-up. It was also found out that the color of the experimental set-up is
comparable to the control set-up.

Tests of durability of the ceramics, which were done at GFMNHS- Main of Science
Laboratory, revealed that the experimental set-up is more durable than the control set-
up.

This proves that oyster shell can be utilized in the production of ceramics. It also
affirms that ceramics made using oyster shells are better than those produced using
silica in terms of texture and durability.