Magnetic Fields and Magnetic Force

2017100386
PHY13L/ B1
CE/ Year 2

1. DATA

In the first part of the experiment, we observed the magnetic field of permanent magnets. A general
observation is the magnetic field being directed from north to south pole. The second part was divided into
four sub-experiments, which focused on the magnetic force on current-carrying conductor. For the first sub-
experiment focusing on magnetic force and field we have SF40 as our current loop and current of 5
Amperes, and with an increment of 1 magnet per trial, the results are as follows: 0.1g., 0.2g., 0.2g., 0.3g.,
and 0.4g. respectively. For the second sub-experiment focusing on magnetic force and current, a current
loop of SF40 was used and an increment of 0.5 Amperes were utilized per trial and the results are as follows:
0.0g., 0.0g., 0.1g., 0.1g., 0.2g., 0.2g., 0.2g., 0.3g., 0.3g., 0.3g., and 0.4g., respectively. For the third sub-
experiment focusing on the relationship of magnetic force and length of current loop, a current of 2 Amperes
and the current loop corresponding to an increment in length were utilized per trial. Results are as follows:
0.2g., 0.3g., 0.5g., 0.6g., 0.9g., and 1.1g. Lastly is the sub-experiment relating magnetic force and
orientation of coil. Starting from 0° , a 10° increment until 90° were utilized per trial. Results are as follows.
0.0g., 0.0g., 0.1g., 0.2g., 0.3g., 0.4g., 0.4g., 0.4g., 0.5g., 0.5g., and 0.5g., In addition, starting from 0°, a
10° decrease until -90° were utilized per trial. Results are as follows: 0.0g., 0.0g., -0.1g., -0.2g., -0.3g., -
0.3g., -0.3g., -0.4g., -0.4g., -0.4g. To convert this to Newton units, we have multiplied the magnetic force
𝑚 1𝑘𝑔.
represented in grams to 9.8 2 and the conversion factor of .
𝑠 1000𝑔.

2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Permanent magnets have both the North and South poles. If polarity is the same, magnets repel, and if the
polarity varies, magnets attract. Magnets form magnetic fields due to movement of charges or through
current, and thus form magnetic field. We have observed that magnetic fields are non-terminating in nature
and form closed loops. It exits the north pole, enters south pole, and travels inside the magnet, and the cycle
continues. In addition, magnets are strongest at its poles wherein magnetic field lines are closer to each
other. For the second part of the experiment, we have observed and saw first hand the relationship of
magnetic force to the magnetic field, current, length of loop or the length upon which current acts, and the
orientation of the loop or the conductor, represented by the angle with respect to the magnetic field. From
the results we have obtained, there is a direct correlation between the magnetic force and field. Increase in
number of magnets increases the magnitude of magnetic field, and therefore an increase in the magnetic
force. Moving forward, magnetic force has a direct correlation to the current. As we increased the current,
the greater the magnetic force. This concept is the foundation of electromagnetism. Magnetic force is also
directly related to the length of the conductor, as there was an increase in magnetic force as we increment
the length per trial. Lastly, the magnetic force is also directly correlated to the angle of the conductor or the
loop with respect to the magnetic field. Moreover, looking closer at the sine component of the angle, we
can see that the magnetic force is maximum when the conductor is perpendicular to the magnetic field, and
minimum when angle is 0° , or parallel the magnetic field.

3. CONCLUSION

After the execution of the experimentation, I conclude that all of the objectives were met. I have earned
valuable knowledge regarding the concepts related to magnetism, specifically the nature as to how magnetic
field interact with respect to the position of the poles of the magnets. In addition, I, was able to learn the
direct relationship of magnetic force to all other variables including the magnetic field, electric current,
length of loop or the conductor, and the orientation or the angle of the conductor with respect to the magnetic
field. This enticed me to engage deeper as its significance can be very transformative and progressive.