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  • Na+ and H20 Secretion (2) Plasma Volume (3) Vascular Response To Catecholamines ( Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine)

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    Grace Butler
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    This document summarizes different categories of diuretic drugs, their mechanisms of action, effects, side effects, and nursing considerations. It describes: 1) Thiazide diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide which increase sodium and chloride excretion in the urine by blocking their reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule. They initially increase extracellular fluid volume and subsequently increase systemic vascular resistance, lowering blood pressure. Side effects include hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. 2) Loop diuretics like furosemide which powerfully increase urine output by blocking sodium reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle. They can cause hypokalemia and other electrolyte abnormalities. 3

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    Table of common diuretic drug types. Used for nursing school.

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    Diuretic Drugs

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    This document summarizes different categories of diuretic drugs, their mechanisms of action, effects, side effects, and nursing considerations. It describes: 1) Thiazide diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide which increase sodium and chloride excretion in the urine by blocking their reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule. They initially increase extracellular fluid volume and subsequently increase systemic vascular resistance, lowering blood pressure. Side effects include hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. 2) Loop diuretics like furosemide which powerfully increase urine output by blocking sodium reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle. They can cause hypokalemia and other electrolyte abnormalities. 3

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    109 views1 page

    Na+ and H20 Secretion (2) Plasma Volume (3) Vascular Response To Catecholamines ( Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine)

    Uploaded by

    Grace Butler
    This document summarizes different categories of diuretic drugs, their mechanisms of action, effects, side effects, and nursing considerations. It describes: 1) Thiazide diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide which increase sodium and chloride excretion in the urine by blocking their reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule. They initially increase extracellular fluid volume and subsequently increase systemic vascular resistance, lowering blood pressure. Side effects include hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. 2) Loop diuretics like furosemide which powerfully increase urine output by blocking sodium reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle. They can cause hypokalemia and other electrolyte abnormalities. 3

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 1

    Diuretics =  fluids in the body,  urine output

    (1)  Na+ and H20 secretion


    (2)  plasma volume
    (3)  vascular response to catecholamines (=dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine)
    Drug Cat. / MOA Drug Examples Implications Side Effects Nursing Considerations
    Thiazides chlorothiazide(Diuril)  urine output Orthostatic hypotension SLOW (2-4 wks for effect)
    = block NaCl chlorthalidone Na+ and Cl- in urine Hypokalemia Na+ will hypokalemia risk
    reabsorption in the hydrochlorothiazide ECF, initially Metabolic alkalosis FIRST line of treatment (HT)
    DCT indapamide SVR, sustained
    metolazone(Zaroxolyn) Lower BP Contraindications:
    Think: Thiazides, DCT Digoxin (cardiotoxicity)
    NSAIDs (diuretic effect +
    renal impairment risk)
    Loop Diuretics bumetanide (Bumex)  urine output Orthostatic hypotension MOST potent / FASTEST
    = block NaCl furosemide (Lasix) Na+ and Cl- in urine Hypokalemia
    reabsorption in the torsemide (Demadex) Other electrolytes  But LESS effective for
    ascending loop hypertension

    SHORT duration of effect

    Renal impaired PT is OKAY


    K+ Sparing Diuretics amiloride (Midamor)  urine output Orthostatic hypotension Contraindications:
    = K+ and Na+ triamterene(Dyrenium) Na+ in urine Hyperkalemia Renal impairment
    exchange in DCT  K+ in body Other electrolytes  ACE inhibitors
     H+, Ca, Mg in body Angiotensin II blockers
    Aldosterone receptor block
    K+ supplements
    Aldosterone spironolactone(Aldactone)  urine output Orthostatic hypotension Contraindications:
    Receptor Blockers eplerenone (Inspra) Na+ in urine Hyperkalemia ACE inhibitors
    = inhibit action of  K+ in body Angiotensin II blockers
    aldosterone on DCT K+ sparing diuretics
    K+ supplements

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