IEEE 5 Bus System

Bader Latif
Department of Electrical Engineering
NED University of Engineering and Technology
Karachi, Pakistan
baderlatif2013@gmail.com
Abstract:
Power system analysis is a method of predicting the
behavior of a power system using
mathematical techniques and algorithms. The analysis of a
power system can help in determining the system
parameters under normal and faulty conditions. The
IEEE5-Bus system is a standard power system model
withknownimpedences and admittances. This paper uses
the LU decomposition technique for calculation of inverse
ofadmittance matrix of system.
Keywords- IEEE 5 bus system, LU decomposition,
Ybus,
Short Circuit MVA
I. INTRODUCTION
The per unit (PU or P.U.) metod of calculation is often TABLE II PER UNIT IMPEDENCES OF THE SYSTEM
used as an aid in the analysis of electrical systems that operate
at different voltage levels. The determination of per unit values
is not the end objective of a study. Rather determined per unit
values serve to assist in the calculation of other system values.
More specifically, the per unit method of calculation is often
used in the calculation of short circuit currents[1].
Power system are mapped on a single base value typically
called a Sbase or Vbase. Reactance diagram is formed by
neglecting transformer resistance, charging currents and static
loads. Power system analysis involves formation of admittance
(Ybus) matrix using which impedence (Zbus) matrix is
calculated. The dimensions of the matrix dependent upon the TABLE III ACTUAL LINE IMPEDENCES
number of buses and as such for a large number of buses the From Bus To Bus Ractual Xactual Yc/2
order of atrix increase. Inorder to reduce the computational
time of inverse calculation, mathematical alogorithms are 1 2 3.4848 10.4544j 5.227j
employed. In this paper LU decomposition is utlizied. 1 3 13.9392 41.8176j 4.356j
Type of faults that may occur in a power system may be
2 3 10.4544 43.5600j 3.484j
symmetrical or unsymmetrical. A symmetrical fault is one that
involves all the phases whereas, an unsymmentrcal fault 2 4 10.4544 31.3632j 3.484j
involves only one or two phases. Symmetrical and 2 5 6.9696 20.9088j 2.613j
unsymmetrical fault analysis are carried out to determine the
value of fault current and fault KiloVolt Ampere. 3 4 1.7424 5.22720j 1.742j
4 5 13.9392 41.8176j 4.356j
II. IEEE 5 BUS SYSTEM

A. Actual and per unit values B. Reactance Diagram

100 MVA apparent power base and 132kV base voltage is
selected for conversion of standard system actual data into per
unit quantities i.e Zbase is 174.24 Ω. Per unit and actual values
of IEEE 5 bus system data is provided in table1 and TABLE
II.
IEEE 5 bus system reactance diagram can be obtained by
neglecting resistances, charging current or susceptance and
static load. Hence IEEE 5 bus system diagram will reduce to
its reactance diagram as shown in Fig.1
 Impedance matrix is calculated using LU factors of
admittance
matrix by forward and backward substitution. Impedance
Matrix of IEEE 5 bus system is given below.

Fig 1 IEEE 5 bus system reactance diagram

C. Admittance Matrix

Data of Impedance and susceptance (Yc/2) of each line in the
IEEE 5 bus system is provided in TABLE III. Susceptance
will be ignored for transfer admittances of off diagonal
elements , but it will be considered in calculation for diagonal
elements of Ybus or self admittance of each bus.
Self admittances will be calculated by adding all lines
admittance and shunt admittances connected to respective
bus.
On the basis of IEEE 5 bus system data shown in table 5 ,
Admittance matrix for the system will be.
E. Fault Current on each bus
Fault Current at each bus can be calculated by dividing pre
fault voltage at bus to the thevenin Impedance. Equivalent
thevenin impedance of each bus is represented in diagonal
elements in impedance matrix.
IF = V(pre fault) / ZTH (5)
Fault current level in per unit of IEEE 5 bus system with 1.06
pu voltage of bus1 and 1 pu pre fault voltage of remaining
buses in network is shown below.

D. Impedence Matrix
In Actual value:
Fifth order matrix of admittance was formed in the previous
step of analysis. In order to calculate inverse LU
decomposition is used instead of conventional method of
inverse determination. LU factors of any matrix can be
calculated directly using formulae shown in Eqn 2 and Eqn 3.

LI,J= AI,J - Σ LI,S *US,J where s<j (2)

UI,J= (AI,J - Σ LI,S *US,J)/LI,I where s<I (3)

F. Short Circuit Level of Each Bus

Short Circuit MVA in per unit at each bus can be obtained by
multiplication of per unit fault current at each bus to respective
bus voltage in per unit. Short circuit MVA of each bus in IEEE
5 bus system is provided below.
 Assuming base MVA= 100 MVA, for finding Short circuit capacity
at each Bus, we have
Using values from Bus admittance Matrix and
For Bus 1: 1=/11=100MVA/ 0.0233 = 4347.8 MVA
For Bus 2: 2=/22=100MVA/ 0.0659 = 1517.45 MVA
For Bus 3: 3=/33=100MVA/ 0.0719 = 1390.8 MVA
For Bus 4: 4=/44=100MVA/ 0.0273 = 3663.0 MVA
For Bus 5: 5=/55=100MVA/ 0.1077 = 928.5 MVA

III. MATLAB COMMANDS USED

A. USING MATLAB TO CALCULATE INVERSE MATRIX

The values of Ybus matrix are added using the

following
command.
The inverse is calculated as show in the figure below:

REFERENCES
[1] "PER UNT CALCULATIONS," Electrical Academia,
[Online]. Available:
https:/electricalacademia.com/electric-
power/per-unit-calculation-per-unit-system-examples/.
[2] A. Canova., L. Giaccone, “Numerical and Analytical
Modeling
of Busbar Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
, Volume 24, N. 3, 2009