CERTC - EE
Instruction: Select the correct answer for each of the following
questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet
provided.
Strictly no erasures allowed. Use pencil no. 1 only.
NOTE: Whenever you come across a caret (^) sign, it means
exponentiation.
BASIC PROPERTIES
1. The minute hand of a clock is 12 cm long. How far does the tip of
the hand move during 20 min? (25.1 cm)
2. A central angle of a circle of radius 30 cm intercepts an arc of 6
cm. What is the central angle in radian? (0.2 rad)
3. A railroad curve is to be laid out on a circle. What radius should be
used if the track is to change direction by 25 deg in a distance of
120m? (275 m)
4. A train moving at a rate of 8mph along a piece of circular track of
radius 2500 ft. Through what angle does it turn in one minute?
(16.13 deg)
5. A sector of a circle has a central angle of 50 deg and an area of
605 sq. cm. Find the radius of the circle. (37.2 cm)
6. The end of a 40-in pendulum describes an arc of 5 in. Through
what angle does the pendulum swing? (7.16 deg)
7. A reversed curve of a railroad track consists of two circular arcs.
The central angle of one is 20 deg with radius 2500 ft and the 34. To find the width of a river, a surveyor set up his transit at a point
central angle of the other is 25 deg with rdius 3000ft. Find the total
length of the two arcs. (2182 ft)
8. If an automobile wheel 78 cm in diameter rotates at 600 rpm,
what is the speed if the car in kph? (88.2 kph)
TRIGO FUNCTIONS
35. Points A and D are on both sides of a swamp. A surveyor wants
9. Find the first coterminal angle of 125 deg. (485 deg)
10. Find the first negative coterminal angle of pi/6 rad. (-11pi/6)
11. Determine the angle subtended by the point (-3,4) from the
positive x-axis. (126.87 deg)
36. From a point A on level ground, the angles of elevation of the top
12. Determine the angle subtended by the point (-3,4) from the x-
axis. (53.13 deg)
13. Find the value of cosθ if sinθ=8/17 and θ is in Quadrant 1.
(15/17)
14. Find the value of sin θ if cosθ=5/6 and θ is in Quadrant IV. (- 37. From the top of a lighthouse, 175 ft above the water, the angle of
sqrt(11)/6)
15. Find sin θ, given that cosθ= - 4/5 and tanθ is positive. (-3/5)
16. In what quadrant will θ terminate if its tangent is positive and its
secant negative? (3)
17. At what point on the unit circle will the angle 17pi terminate? (-
1,0)
18. At what quadrant will θ terminates if cos θ and cotθ are both
negative? (2)
RIGHT TRIANGLES
19. A support wire is anchored 12 m up from the base of a flagpole
and the wire makes 15 deg with the ground. How long is the
wire? (46m)
20. When the sun is 20 deg above the horizon, how long is the
shadow cast be a building 50 m high? (137m)
21. From the top of a lighthouse 120 m above sea level, the angle of
depression of a boat is 15 deg. How far is the boat from the
lighthouse? (448m)
22. Find the length of the chord of a circle of radius 20cm subtended
by a central angle of 150 deg. (39cm)
23. Find the height of a tree if the angle of elevation of its top
changes from 20 deg to 40 deg as the observer advances 75 ft
towards the tree. (48 ft)
24. A tower on level ground is due north of point A and due west of
point B, a distance of 3000 ft. The angle of elevation of the tower
from A is 30 deg while at B it is 20 deg. Find the height of the
tower. (284 ft)
25. Four holes are bored on a circular plate. If the radius of the plate
id 20 in and the holes are well-spaced, find the distance between
centers of the holes. (28.28 in)
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REFRESHER 1 MATH
26. A man drives 500 m along a road which is inclined 20 deg to the
horizontal. How high above his starting point is he? (171 m)
27. A tree broken over by the wind forms a right triangle with the
ground. If the broken part makes an angle of 50 deg with the
ground and the top of the tree is now 20 ft from its base, how tall
was the tree? (55ft)
28. Two straight roads intersect to form an angle of 75 deg. Find the
shortest distance from one road to a gas station on the other
road 1000m from the junction. (3732 m)
29. Two buildings with flat roofs are 60m apart. From the roof of the
shorter building, 40 m in height, the angle of elevation to the
edge of the roof of the taller building is 40 deg. How high is the
taller building? (90 m)
30. A ladder with its foot in the street makes an angle of 30 deg with
the street when its top rests on a building on one side of the
street and makes an angle of 40 deg when its top rests on a
building on the other side of the street. If the ladder is 50 ft long,
how wide is the street? (82 ft)
31. Find the perimeter of an isosceles triangle if its base is 40 cm
and the base angle is 70 deg. (157 cm)
32. Considering the earth as a sphere of radius 3960 miles, find the
radius of the 40th parallel of latitude. (3033 ft)
33. Find the perimeter of a regular octagon inscribed in a circle of
radius 150 cm. (918 cm)
C on one bank and sighted across a point B on the opposite
bank; then turning an angle 90 deg, he laid off a distance of
225m on point A. Finally, setting the transit at A, he measured
that angle CAB is 48 deg 20 min. Find the width of the river. (253
m)
to locate a point B along the line on the opposite side of the
swamp. To do this, at A, he turned at an angle of 51 deg 16 min
towards point C 1585 ft away. Then, at point C, he turned 90 deg
from line AC towards point B. How far is C from B? (1976 ft)
D and the bottom B of a flagpole situated on top of a hill are
measured as 47 deg 54 min and 39 deg 45 min, respectively.
Find the height of the hill if the height of the flagpole is 115.5 ft.
(350 ft.)
depression of a boat due south is 18 deg 50 min. Calculate the
speed of the boat if, after it moves due west for 2 min, the angle
of depression is 14 deg 20 min. (227 ft/min)
38. A wheel, 5 ft in diameter, rolls up an incline of 18 deg 20 min.
What is the height of the center of the wheel above the base of
the incline if the wheel has rolled 5 ft up the incline? (3.95 ft)
39. A wall is 15 ft high and 10 ft from a house. Find the length of the
shortest ladder which will just touch the top of the wall and reach
a window 20.5 ft above the ground. (42.5 ft)
40. A parked car is spotted from a hotel window which is 100 m
above the car. If the angle of depression from the window to the
car is 15.4 deg, how far is the car from the window? (377 m)
41. A tower 45 m high casts a shadow of 12m. what is the angle of
elevation of the sun? (75 deg)
42. A rectangle is 45 cm long and 34 cm wide. What is the angle the
diagonal makes with the longer side? (35 deg)
43. A railroad track makes an angle of 4.8 deg with the horizontal.
How far must the train go up the track for it to gain 30 m in
altitude? (359 m)
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
44. A motorboat moves in a direction N40°E for 3h at 20mph. how far
north does it travel? (46 miles)
45. Three ships are situated as follows: A is 225 miles due North of
C, and B is 375 miles due east of C. What is the bearing of B
from A? (S59°E)
46. Three ships are situated as follows: A is 225 miles west of C
while B, due south of C, bears S25°10’E from A. How far is B
from A? (529 miles)
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 CERTC - EE
47. From a boat sailing due north at 16.5 kph, a wrecked ship and an
observation tower are observed in a line due east. One hour
later, the wrecked ship and the tower have bearings S34°40’E
and S65°10’E. Find the distance between the wrecked ship and
the tower. (24.2 km)
48. A ship sailing due east when a light is observed bearing
N62°10’E. After the ship has travelled 2250m, the light bears
N48°25’E. if the course is continued, what is the closest distance
at which the ship approaches the light? (2934m)
49. An object is acted upon by two forces, one 150 lb due north and
the other 200lb due east. Find the magnitude and direction of the
resultant. (250 lb, N53°10’E)
50. An airplane is moving horizontally at 240mph when a bullet is
shot with speed 2750 fps at right angle to the path of the
airplane. Find the angle that the path of the bullet makes with the
path of the airplane. (82.7 deg)
51. A river flows due south at 125 ft/min. A motorboat, moving at 475
ft/min in still water, is headed due east across the river. Find the
direction in which the boat moves and its speed. (491 ft/min,
S75°20’E)
52. In the previous question, whatdirection must the boat be headed
in order that it move due east and what is its speed in that
direction?(N74°40’E, 458 ft/min)
53. A telegraph pole is kept vertical by a guy wire which makes an
angle of 25 deg with the pole and whichexerts a pull of F = 300 Ib
on the top. Find the horizontal component of the pull. (127 lb)
54. A guy wire 78 ft long runs from the top of a telephone pole 56 ft
high to the ground and pulls on the pole witha force of 290 Ib.
What is the horizontal pull on the top of the pole? (201 lb)
55. A man pulls a rope attached to a sled with a force of 100 lb. The
rope makes an angle of 27 deg with the ground. Find the
effective pull tending to move the sled along the ground? (89 lb)
56. A plane is headed due east with airspeed 240 km/h. If a wind at
40 km/h from the north is blowing, find thegroundspeed and
course. (243kph, S80°30’E or 99deg 30min)
57. An airplane is flying on a heading of 45 deg with an airspeed of
500 mph and the wind is blowing on a heading of 315 deg at a
speed of 75 mph. Find the drift angle, the groundspeed, and the
course of the plane. (8.5 deg, 506mph, 36.5 deg)
58. The heading of an airplane is 75 deg and the airspeed is 200
mph. Find the groundspeed and course ifthere is a wind of 40
mi/h from 165 deg. (204 mph, 63°40’)
59. The airspeed of an airplane is 200 km/h. There is a wind of 30
km/h from 270 deg. Find the heading andgroundspeed in order to
track 0 deg. (198kph, 351°20’)
60. There is a wind of 35 mi/h from 320 deg. Find the airspeed and
heading in order that the groundspeed and course be 250 mi/h 83. Two ships have radio equipment with a range of 200 km. One is
and 50 deg, respectively. (252 mph, 42 degs)
61. An aviator heads his airplane due west. He finds that because of
a wind from the south, the course makes an angle of 20 deg with
the heading. If his airspeed is 100 mi/h, what is his groundspeed 84. A ship sails 15.0 mi on a course S40'1O'W and then 21.0 mi on a
and what is the speed of the wind? (106 mph, 36 mph)
62. An airplane is headed west while a 40 mi/h wind is blowing from
the south. What is the necessary airspeed to follow a course 85. A lighthouse is 10 km northwest of a dock. A ship leaves the
N72°W and what is the groundspeed? (123 mph, 129 mph)
63. A barge is being towed north at the rate 18 mi/h. A man walks
across the deck from west to east at the rate 6ft/s. Find the 86. Two forces of 115 and 215 Ib acting on an object have a
magnitude and direction of his actual velocity. (27fps, N12°50’E)
64. A ship at A is to sail to C, 56 km north and 258 km east of A.
After sailing N25°10'E for 120 mi to P, the shipis headed toward 87. A tower 150 m high is situated at the top of a hill. At a point 650
C. Find the distance of P from C and the required course to reach
C. (214km, S75°40’E)
65. A weight of 200 Ib is placed on a smooth plane inclined at an
angle of 37.6 deg with the horizontal and held inplace by a rope 88. Three circles of radii 115, 150, and 225 m, respectively, are
parallel to the surface and fastened to a peg in the plane. Find
the pull on the string. (122 lb)
66. A man wishes to raise a 300-lb weight to the top of a wall 20 m
high by dragging it up an incline. What is thelength of the shortest
inclined plane he can use if his pulling strength is 140 Ib? (43m)
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REFRESHER 1 MATH
67. A 150-lb shell is dragged up a runway inclined 40 deg to the
horizontal. Find the force of the shell against the runway and the
force required to drag the shell. (115 lb, 96lb)
68. A steel ball, weighing 50 kg, is on an inclined surface. What
angle does the inclined surface make with thehorizontal if a force
of 10 kg is exerted on the inclined surface? (12 deg)
TRIGO IDENTITIES
cos 𝜃
69. Simplify 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 + . (secθ)
1+sin 𝜃
70. Simplify (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 + (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 . (2)
71. Simplify (sin 𝜃)2 (1 + (cot 𝜃)2 ) (1)
72. Simplify ( )
OBLIQUE TRIANGLES
73. In triangle ABC, given c = 25, A = 35 deg, and B = 68 deg, find a.
(15)
74. Solve for c in triangle ABC, given a = 31.5, b = 51.8, and A =
33°40'. (56.1 or 30.1)
75. Solve for c in triangle ABC, given a = 132, b = 224, and C =
28°40'. (125)
76. Solve for b in triangle ABC, given a = 322, c = 212, and B =
110°50'. (444)
77. A and B are two points on opposite banks of a river. From A, a
line AC = 275 m is laid off and the angles CAB = 125°40' and
ACB = 48°50' are measured. Find the length of AB. (2160m)
78. A tower 125 ft high is on a cliff on the bank of a river. From the
top of the tower the angle ofdepression of a point on the opposite
shore is 28°40' and from the base of the tower the angle
ofdepression of the same point is 18°20'. Find the width of the
river and the height of the cliff. (580ft, 192 ft)
79. A pilot wishes a course 15°0' against a wind of 25 mph from
160°30'. Find his required heading andthe groundspeed when
the airspeed is 175 mph. (195 mph, 140°50’)
80. Two forces of 17.5 and 22.5 lb act on a body. If their directions
make an angle of 50°10' with eachother, find the magnitude of
their resultant and the angle that it makes with the larger force.
(36.3 lb, 21°40’)
81. From A a pilot flies 125 km in the direction N38°20'W and turns
back. Through an error, the pilotthen flies 125 km in the direction
S51°40'E. How far and in what direction must the pilot now fly to
reach the intended destination A? (S45°20’W, 29km)
82. The distances of a point C from two points A and B, which cannot
be measured directly, are required. The line CA is continued
through A for a distance 175 m to D, the line CB is continued
through Bfor 225 m to E, and the distances AB = 300 m, DB =
326 m, and DE = 488 m are measured. Find AC. (145 m)
155 km N42°40'E and the other is 165 km N45°10'W of a shore
station. Can the two ships communicate directly? How far are
they? (No, 222km)
course N28'20'W. Find the distance anddirection of the last
position from the first. (209mi, N70°30’W)
dock at 9 A.M. and steams west at 12 kmh. Atwhat time will it be
8 km from the lighthouse? (9:17AM and 9:54AM)
resultant of magnitude 275 Ib. Find the angle betweenthe
directions in which the given forces act. (70 deg 50 min)
m down the hill the angle between the surfaceof the hill and the
line of sight to the top of the tower is 12°30'. Find the inclination
of the hill to a horizontal plane. (7 deg 50 min)
tangent to each other externally. Find the angles ofthe triangle
formed by joining the centers of the circles. (43 deg 10min, 61
deg 20 min, 75 deg, 30 min)
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 CERTC - EE REFRESHER 1 MATH

TRIGO EQUATIONS
89. Solve for x in 2sinx-1=0 if x<pi. (pi/6 and 5pi/6)
90. Solve for x: sin^2 x +sinx -2 =0. (pi/2)
91. Solve for x: 3cos^2 x = sin^2 x ; x<pi/2. (pi/3)
92. Solve for x: cscx +cotx =sqrt(3). (pi/3)
93. Solve for x: 2cos^2 (x/2) = cos^2 x. (2.24, 4.04)

SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY (Additional Topic)

94. Area. What is the area of a spherical triangle ABC whose parts
are A=70 deg, B=80 deg, C=92 deg if the radius of the sphere is
64km. (4432 sq. km)
95. Right. Tan-Ad. Two sides of a spherical triangle are 86°40’ and
32°41’. Find the angle opposite of the given side.
96. Right. Co-Op. A spherical triangle ABC has the following given
parts: a=72°27’, b=61°49’ and C=90°. Find c.
97. Right. In a right spherical triangle, a=32 deg 16 min and c=119
deg 23 min. Solve for b. (125 deg 28 min)
98. Right. Given right spherical triangle ABC with C=90°, a=75°40’
and b=61°30’. Find A. (77.34 deg)
99. Right. Given spherical triangle with angles A=63°15’ and
B=135°34’. Find side b. (143.1 deg)
100. Right. An isosceles spherical triangle has the following parts
A=B= 80 deg, a=b=89 deg. Find c.(168.52 deg)
101. Latitude. Two cities are 270 miles apart lie on the same
meridian. What is the difference in latitude if the radius of the
earth is 3960 miles. (3.91 deg)
102. Latitude.If the earth is 3960 miles in radius, find the distance of
a point 36 deg N latitude from the equator. (2488 miles)
103. Nautical Miles. Find the distance in nautical miles between
A(40°30’N, 60°E) andB(80°20’N, 60°E). (7250 NM)
104. Nautical Miles. How far in statute miles is a place at latitude
40°N form the equator. (2764 mi)
105. Nautical Miles. How far apart are two points on the equator one
in longitude 40°E and the other in ongitude 150°W? (10,200NM)

106. Right Applications. An airplane flew from Manila (14°36’N,

121°5’E) on a course S32°E. At what longitude will it cross the
equator? (130°2’ E)
107. Right Applications. A ship leaves San Francisco (37°48’N,
122°26’W) and sailing along a great circle track, crosses the
equator at a point M whose longitude is 150°W. Find the distance
from M to San Francisco. (2732NM)
108. Time Difference. New York has a longitude of 74°W and
Portland has longitude of 122°W. Calculate their time difference.
(3.2 hours)
109. Oblique. Cosine Law for Sides. If an airplane is to fly from
Chicago (41°50’N, 87°37’W) to New York (40°43’N, 74°W) at an
average speed of 200NM/hr, approximately how long should the
trip take? (3hrs, 5 min)
110. Oblique. Cosine Law for Angles. Given spherical triangle ABC
with A=100 deg, B=70 deg and c=110 deg, find C. (255.1 deg)
111. Oblique. A ship sails from a place (20°N, 150°W). after 6 days,
it crosses the equator at longitude 170°W. find the speed of the
ship in NM/hr. (11.66)

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