Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Prova de Inglês TEAP - Modelo 1: Cartography
Prova de Inglês TEAP - Modelo 1: Cartography
Cartography
1- Although a few academic cartographers accord the map mystical powers, it is merely a tool,
useful for good, evil or both, which citizens can resist or render - up to a point. The question is
not whether e-maps will restrict where we go and what we do, but to what extent. Property
maps are at least as old as Roman times, and boundary maps no younger than kingdoms and
nation states. What is new, however, is the substantial increase in both the number and
diversity of restrictive maps.
2- Since 1900, we have used maps to exclude industry from residential neighbourhoods, ban
new construction on alluvial plains, to set boundaries that constrain a homeowner's choice of
paint colour or replacement windows, restrict travel by foreign diplomats and journalists,
prevent sex offenders from living near schools and playgrounds, and keep aircraft a nautical
mile away from a vice-president's weekend retreat. The public tolerates these cartographic
restrictions because many, if not most, are not only benign but essential. Environmental
protection, for instance, relies on mapping as a regulatory instrument to safeguard water
resources and wildlife habitat. Property maps show rights of way that might impede a buyer's
plan to enlarge a home or re-configure an access road. Government officials publish restrictive
maps because they assume the boundaries will be respected.
4- Because the public is willing to trade control over their lives for convenience, the cell phone
already doubles as a tracking device, and raises the possibility of "spatial micromanagement":
of employees by employers, of children by parents, of elderly parents by grown children, and
of suspected subversives by the authorities. Threats to privacy and personal freedom are well
known and obvious. However, geospatial tracking might be equally efficient for enforcing
restraining orders on those who abuse their partners, especially in the name of public safety or
national defence. Once in place, a national geospatial surveillance administration can
accommodate an wide variety of electronic boundary lines, and offer unhappy taxpayers an
alternative to costly incarceration. For many crimes, an electronic map makes more sense than
a prison, which may well reinforce antisocial behavior and allow criminals to exchange tricks of
the trade.
6- More troubling are the discrepancies that might arise from mixing maps compiled from
different sources. For example, it's risky to transfer boundaries from a detailed property survey
into a generalised highway map on which curves have been smoothed out or symbols shifted
to avoid clutter. But restrictive mapping is a natural part of social, political and cartographic
evolution. In the end, then, we must hope that fear of litigation or other pragmatic issues may
prove more influential than concerns over privacy in limiting the growth of restrictive
cartography in an electronic age.
Glossário
Fences: cercas
Tracking: rastreamento
Restraining: restritivo
Survey: pesquisa
a) Muitos cartógrafos ainda acreditam nos poderes místicos dos mapas antigos.
b) Segundo os cartógrafos, os mapas não são tão antigos como se pensava que eram.
c) Alguns cartógrafos acreditam que os mapas nem sempre são usados para o bem.
d) Os mapas já eram usados em culturas antigas, mas eram bem mais difíceis de interpretar,
afirmam os cartógrafos.
e) Questiona-se até que ponto os mapas eletrônicos vão restringir para onde vamos e que
fazemos.
a) Crimes
b) Electronic map
c) Sense
d) Prison
e) Antisocial behavior
4) Assinale a alternativa que traz a ideia principal do trecho abaixo, extraído do parágrafo
6?
More troubling are the discrepancies that might arise from mixing maps compiled from
different sources. For example, it's risky to transfer boundaries from a detailed property survey
into a generalised highway map on which curves have been smoothed out or symbols shifted
to avoid clutter.
5) Na sentença “Threats to privacy and personal freedom are well known and obvious”
(parágrafo 4), a palavra threats tem o sentido de:
a) Ameaças
b) Tratamentos
c) Restrições
d) Desejos
e) Receios
6) Assinale a alternativa que traz a ideia principal do trecho abaixo, extraído do parágrafo
5.
b) Assim como os mapas comuns, a cartografia eletrônica está sujeita a diversos tipos de
manipulação indevida.
a) Esclarecer a utilidade dos mapas desde a antiguidade até os dias atuais e a sua evolução e
importância para segurança da sociedade atual.
d) Esclarecer a utilidade dos diversos tipos de mapas (em papel ou eletrônicos) para as
pessoas, governos e sociedade.
8) Em qual parágrafo o autor cita que as restrições impostas pelos mapas fazem parte de
um processo de evolução natural em diversos segmentos das nossas vidas?
a) parágrafo 1 ou 2
b) parágrafo 3
c) parágrafo 4
d) parágrafo 5
e) parágrafo 6
a) A cartografia eletrônica esta sendo utilizada para reforçar as fronteiras geográficas e evitar
invasões.
c) As restrições geográficas impostas pela cartografia estão sendo substituídas pela tecnologia
eletrônica.
10) Na oração “The most impressive examples, and the most frightening, (...)”, a palavra
“frightening” tem o sentido de:
a) Comum
b) Assustador
c) Inovador
d) Útil
e) Importuno
a) Tracking device
b) Location
c) GIS
e) Prohibited area
As questões a seguir são baseadas no trecho abaixo, extraído do parágrafo 4.
12) Escolha a alternativa que traz o sentido correto do grupo nominal abaixo:
a) Oportuna
b) Restrita
c) Moderna
d) Ampla
e) Vantajosa
a) Many crimes
b) Electronic map
c) Prison
e) Antisocial behavior
c) O mapa eletrônico pode ser a solução para um sistema carcerário mais barato, porém ele
reforça um comportamento antissocial.
e) Com um sistema de vigilância geoespacial, crimes leves poderiam ser evitados com muito
mais precisão.
Gabarito:
13 – D 14 – C 15 – A