Diploma in Telecommunications

Management Studies (DTMS)

Module 4: Planning and Designing of Fixed and Wireless

Networks

Krish Raghunundhun
Email: raghunk@telkomsa.net
Cell: +27 81 765 4733

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 Objectives:

The learner, on completion of this module, will obtain

insight into the following topics:
• Key components of fixed and mobile networks
• Strategic planning and network design
• Fixed network optimisation
• Planning of telecom nodes and transmission centres
• Spectrum planning and optimisation
• Spectrum management and pricing
• Call management and mobility management
• Quality of Service monitoring

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 Topics

• Key components of fixed and mobile networks

• Strategic planning and network design
• Fixed network optimisation
• Planning of telecom nodes and transmission
centres
• Spectrum planning and optimisation
• Spectrum management and pricing
• Call management and mobility management
• Quality of Service monitoring

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 Topics

• Power control in mobile communications

• Mobile networks and standards: GSM and CDMA
• Mobile data networks: GPRS, EDGE, EV-DO and
HSDPA
• Mobile network deployment and expansion
• Value Added Service Providers (VAS) and Mobile
Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs)
• Wi-Fi, WiMAX, 4G, LTE, and future trends in
mobile communications
• Global telecom standards

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 Wireless Broadband
Access Technologies

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 Topics

• Wireless Broadband Access Technologies

• Wireless Technologies
• Wi-Fi
• WiMAX
• LMDS/MMDS
• FSO
• 4G

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 Wireless Technologies

• Of late cellular mobile telephony has started

maturing in delivering data access over the air.
• The evolution of cellular mobile telephony has
taken place in steps
• 2G –GSM, CDMA
• 2.5G –GSM(GPRS/EDGE), CDMA 2000 1x
• 3G -UMTS/WCDMA, CDMA 2000 1xEVDO/EVDV

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 Wireless Technologies

• 2G GSM/CDMA
– Speed 9-14 Kbps
• 2.5G GSM (GPRS/EDGE/CDMA 2000 1x)
– GPRS –115 Kbps
– EDGE –384 Kbps
– CDMA 2000 1x –170 Kbps
• 3G
– CDMA 2000 1x EVDO/EVDV–384K (M), 2048K(S)
– UMTS/WCDMA –384 Kbps(M), 2048 Kbps(S)

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 IEEE Standards View of Wireless
Network Technologies

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 Wireless Fidelity (Wi-fi)

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 WLAN (WiFi), IEEE 802.11

Wireless Ethernet standards

• IEEE 802.11
– The Initial release of the standard capable of
transmissions of 1 to 2 Mbps and operates in 2.4 GHz
band using either frequency hopping spread spectrum
(FHSS) or direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS).
• IEEE 802.11a
– Capable of transmissions upto 54 Mbps and operates in
5 GHz band and uses an orthogonal frequency division
multiplexing OFDM encoding scheme .

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 WLAN (WiFi), IEEE 802.11

Wireless Ethernet standards

• IEEE 802.11b
– Capable of transmissions of up to 11 Mbps and
operates in 2.4 GHz band and uses only DSSS
encoding scheme.
• IEEE 802.11g
– Capable of transmissions up to 54 Mbps and operates
in 2.4 GHz band

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 Wi-Fi: How it works ?

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 Why Choose? A vs B vs G

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 Benefits of A vs B vs C

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 Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)

• Wireless LAN with Broadband option

• Most widely used LAN standard (IEEE 802.11)
• It uses 2.4 Ghz band & delivers 11 mbps of data
over a distance of 100 meters

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 Broadband Wireless Technologies

WiMAX-Worldwide interoperability for Microwave

Access
• IEEE 802.16 standard defines the Wireless MAN
air interface specification
• Complements Wi-Fi by providing wireless
broadband backhaul to 802.11 hotspots and last
mile
• Service area range of 50 km
• Provides shared data rates up to 70 mbps in 2-11
Ghz band

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 Modes of Operation

• Non-Line of sight (2 – 11 GHz)

– Uses a lower frequency range.

• Line of sight (10 – 66 GHz)

– Uses a higher frequency range.

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 WI-MAX - How does it works?

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 WiMAX Standards

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 802.16 Network Topology

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 WiMAX vs Wireless Technologies

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 Different Standards of WIMAX

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 Markets for WIMAX

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 Topologies in Urban and Rural Areas

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 Typical Cell Size and Throughput

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 Broadband Wireless Technologies

• LMDS & MMDS

– Provides point-to-multipoint two way
broadband service
– LMDS-Local Multipoint Distribution System
• Operates in various bands such as 10.5 Ghz (8 kms)
and 26 & 28 Ghz (3 kms)
• Provides various interfaces at user end like E1, 4xE1,
10/100 BaseT Ethernet etc.
• MMDS-Multichannel Multipoint Distribution
System
– Operates in 2-3 Ghz (20-40 kms radius)
– Provides high speed data rates upto 10 Mbps

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 LMDS Applications

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