OPEN ENDED EXPERIMENT

DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
AND COMPUTER ORGANIZATION
CSE 207

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Ms Richa Sharma ABHISHEK CHAUHAN
CSE Dept. A2305218014, 3CSE 1X

AMITY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

AMITY UNIVERSITY NOIDA
 OPEN ENDED EXPERIMENT
AIM
To stimulate BCD to GRAY CODE converter using 8:1 multiplexer.

SOFTWARE USED
OrCAD

IC’s USED
 74151A
 7404

THEORY
Binary number system is default way to store numbers, but in many applications
binary numbers are difficult to use and a variation of binary numbers is needed.

Gray Code system is a binary number system in which every successive pair of
numbers differs in only one bit.

To convert binary number into gray code the first digit is taken as it is and the
next digits are the result of exclusive-or of the digit with the previous digit of the
binary number.

Gray Code is used in applications in which the normal sequence of binary

numbers generated by the hardware may produce an error or ambiguity during
the transition from one number to the next. For example, the states of a system
may change from 3(011) to 4(100) as- 011 — 001 — 101 — 100. Therefore there
is a high chance of a wrong state being read while the system changes from the
initial state to the final state. This could have serious consequences for the
machine using the information.

The Gray code eliminates this problem since only one bit changes its value during
any transition between two numbers.

Gray code does the cycling through various states with minimal effort and used in
K-maps, error correction, communication etc.
TRUTH TABLE
B3 B2 B1 B0 G3 G2 G1 G0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1

Output for G3
B3’ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
B3 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
OUTPUT B3 B3 B3 B3 B3 B3 B3 B3

Output for G2
B3’ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
B3 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
OUTPUT B3 B3 B3 B3 1 1 1 1

Output for G1
B3’ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
B3 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
OUTPUT 0 0 1 1 1 1 B3 B3

Output for G0
B3’ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
B3 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
OUTPUT 0 1 1 B3 B3 1 1 B3
 CIRCUIT

OUTPUT

RESULT
The BCD to GRAY CODE converter using 8:1 multiplexer is stimulated and output waveform is
verified.