UGBA104( ( ( (

Exam%#1%Practice%Questions%
(
Regarding(Exam(#1’s(Practice(Problems,(note(the(following:(
•! Before(working(Exam(#1’s(Practice(Problems,(complete(the(Homework(Problems.(
•! The(Practice(Problems(are(examples(of(the(types(of(problems(that(might(appear(on(Exam(#1;(
however,(this(does(not(mean(that(problems(in(the(exam(will(have(identical(content,(format,(or(
level(of(difficulty.((Although(working(the(practice(problems(will(help(you(prepare(for(the(exam,(
you(may(find(some(of(the(exam(problems(easier(and(some(harder.(
•! The(number(of(Practice(Problems(is(not(related(to(the(number(of(problems(that(will(appear(on(
Exam(#1.(((
•! If(you(do(not(have(time(to(work(all(Practice(Problems,(choose(which(problems(you(work(based(
on(what(you(perceive(as(your(weaknesses.(
•! The(answers(to(the(Practice(Problems(are(posted(to(the(bCourses(Files(Tool(in(the(folder(named(
“Exams"(in(the(subfolder(named(“Exam(1”(under(the(filename(“2017RExam1RPracticeR
Answers”.(
(
( (

( ( 1((
UGBA104( ( ( (

PROBLEM%1.%
Assume(a(set(of(ordered(values:(
12,(14,(17,(21,(24,(30,(39,(43,(45,(56,(58(
(
There(are(11(values(in(total(with(a(max(of(58(and(a(min(of(12.(((
(
Question%1.1.%
What(are(the(quartiles(in(this(data(set.(
(
(
Question%1.2.%
Sketch(a(box(and(whisker(plot(for(contract(values(with(contract(values(on(the(vertical(axis(in(
increasing(order(from(bottomRtoRtop.((Be(sure(to(label(every(significant(edge(and/or(corner(of(the(
box(and(whisker(plot(along(with(it's(value.(((
(
% %

( ( 2((
UGBA104( ( ( (

PROBLEM%2.%
Assume(the(following(table(that(records(the(number(of(beds(in(particular(inRpatient(units(of(five(
different(hospitals.(((
(

(
(
(
We(attempt(to(render(the(complete(data(table(in(the(corresponding(clustered(column(chart.(

a
.(

b
.(
c
.(
d
.(

(
( (
(
%
Question%2.1.%
Assume(that(the(source(data(table(is(correct.((Enumerate(any(errors(in(the(clustered(bar(chart(such(
that(data(from(the(source(table(does(is(incorrect(in(the(visualization.((If(there(are(no(errors,(write(
"NONE."(
(
(
Question%2.2.%
For(the(clustered(column(chart(depicted(exactly(as(above,(each(field(of(the(accompanying(Select(
Data(Source(dialog(box(is(marked(by(a(letter((a(–(d).((Fill(in(the(Excel(references(and/or(text(for(
each(field(labeled((a(–(d).((Notice(that(this(screenshot(is(for(the(distribution(of(Maternity(ward(beds(
across(hospitals.((Use(a(formula(or(cell(reference(whenever(possible.((If(a(particular(dialog(box(field(
is(necessarily(empty,(write:("BLANK"(for(that(field(in(all(capital(letters.(
((
a.%% % b.% % c.% % d.% % % % %
(

( ( 3((
UGBA104( ( ( (

PROBLEM%3.%
Given(the(following(transactions:(((
CustID(( Date( ( Items(Purchased(
01( ( 4/1/2016( K,(A,(D,(B(
02( ( 4/1/2016( D,(A,(C,(E,(B(
03( ( 4/2/2016( C,(A,(B,(E(
04( ( 4/2/2016( A,(B,(D(
(
Question%3.1.(
Complete(the(table(for(the(rule(AB(!(D(((
Rule( Support(Count(for( Support(Count(for( Support(Count(for(Antecedent(&(
Antecedent( Consequent( Consequent(
ABR>D( ( ( (
(
(
Question%3.2.%
What(is(the(Support(for(the(rule(AB(!(D(((
(
Question%3.3.(
What(is(the(Confidence(for(the(rule(AB(!(D(
(
Question%3.4.%
What(is(the(Lift(for(the(rule(AB(!(D((alternately(AD(!(B)(
(
% %

( ( 4((
UGBA104( ( ( (

PROBLEM%4.%
Consider(two(observations(in(a(vector(representation(of(the(form:((22,(1,(42,(10)(and((20,(0,(36,(8)(
These(two(observations(are(in(a(single(cluster((Cluster(A)(containing(only(these(first(two(
observations.((There(is(a(third(observation(at((10,(0(,(30,(20).(
(
Question%4.1.(
What(is(the(Centroid(of(Cluster(A?(
(
(
Question%4.2.%
What(is(the(Euclidean(distance(between(the(two(observations(in(Cluster(A?((Write(out(the(equation(
and(simplify(it(as(much(as(is(practical(using(basic(arithmetic.((You(may(leave(your(answer(in(the(
form(of(the(square(root(of(a(whole(number.((
(
(
Question%4.3.%
Assuming(SingleRlinkage(and(Euclidean(distance,(how(far(is(the(third(observation(from(Cluster(A.((
Again,(simplify(as(much(as(possible(using(basic(arithmetic.((You(may(leave(your(answer(in(the(form(
of(the(square(root(of(a(whole(number.((
(
( (

( ( 5((
UGBA104( ( ( (

PROBLEM%5.%
OskiTube(is(a(UGBA104(startup(that(applies(data(analytics(to(help(firms(place(video(ads(on(
YouTube.((In(particular,(an(advertiser(with(a("high(emotion"(ad(and(a("high(adrenaline"(ad(want(to(
spend(their(ad(dollars(by(showing(their(ads(on(videos(that(are(most(likely(to(result(in(ad(clicks.((
They(reduce(this(to(a(binary(classification(problem(that,(for(a(given(video,(answers(the(question(
whether(or(not(to("show"(the("high(emotion"(ad.(((The(confusion(matrix(looks(like(the(following:%
(
( ( Prediction( (

( "Show"( "Not( (
Show"(
(

Show( 48( 12( 60(

Reality(

Not( 12( 28( 40(

Show(

( ( 60( 40( 100(

(
This(says(that,(based(upon(a(history(of(the(past(100(videos,(OskiTube(knows(that(their(classifier(said("yes,(
show(the(video"(60(times(and(the(classifier(said("no,(don't(show(the(video"(40(times.((Of(those(60(
"yes's,"Oski(was(right(48(times.((Likewise,(of(the(40("no's",(Oski(was(right(28(times.(((
(
Question%5.1.(
What(is(the(overall(error(rate(of(this(classifier?(
(
(
Question%5.2.(
Plot(the(ROC("curve"(for(this(discrete(classifier.(
(
% %

( ( 6((
UGBA104( ( ( (

PROBLEM%6.%
From(the(WSJ,(Sept(3,(2016(and(the(US.(Health(and(Human(Services(public(notices(on(opioids.(
(
The(United(States(is(in(the(midst(of(a(prescription(opioid(overdose(epidemic.(In(2014,(more(than(
28,000(people(died(from(opioid(overdose,(and(at(least(half(of(those(deaths(involved(a(prescription(
opioid.((Common(opioids(include(heroin(and(prescription(painRkillers(like(oxycodone(and(fentanyl.(
(
Prescription(databases(are(playing(an(increasingly(useful(role(in(the(battle(against(the(U.S.(opioid(
epidemic,(federal(and(state(officials(say.((States(scrutinize(doctors’(prescribing(behavior(–(for(
instance,(looking(for(doctors(who(prescribe(excessive(amounts(of(narcotics(in(a(given(time(period.((
Doctors(identified(as(irresponsible(or(abusive(in(their(prescribing(practices(may(face(disciplinary(
action(up(to(and(including(the(revocation(of(their(medical(license.(((
(
The(government(wants(to(identify(excessive(opioid(prescribing(behavior(among(physicians(within(
a(single(community(over(the(past(year.(((
(
Question%6.1.%
Is(this(a(problem(that(we(can(address(with(descriptive(analytics(discussed(in(Chapters(2(and(3(to(
identify(outliers?((If(“yes,”(describe(the(model(that(you(would(construct(and(the(analysis(that(you(
would(conduct.((For(the(model,(describe:(what(variable(s),(what(variable(representation,(and(what(
variable(relationships((if(more(than(one(variable).((For(the(analysis,(identify(the(method(used(to(
identify(an(outlier(physician.((If(“no”(discuss(why(this(is(not(a(problem(that(can(be(addressed(with(
descriptive(analytics.(
(
Question%6.2.%
Is(this(a(problem(that(we(can(address(with(descriptive(modeling((as(discussed(in(Chapter(4)(to(
cluster(outliers?((If(“yes,”(describe(the(model(that(you(would(construct(and(the(analysis(that(you(
would(conduct.((For(the(model,(describe:(what(variable(s),(what(variable(representation,(and(what(
variable(relationships((if(more(than(one(variable).((For(the(analysis,(identify(the(method(used(
identifying(a(set(of(outlier(physicians.((If(“no”(discuss(why(this(is(not(a(problem(that(can(be(
addressed(with(descriptive(modeling.(
((
Question%6.3.%
Is(this(a(problem(that(we(can(address(with(predictive(models(to(classify(abusive(physician(
behavior?((If(“yes,”(describe(the(model(that(you(would(construct(and(the(analysis(that(you(would(
conduct.((For(the(model,(describe:(what(variable(s),(what(variable(representation,(and(what(
variable(relationships((if(more(than(one(variable).((For(the(analysis,(identify(the(method(used(
identifying(a(set(of(outlier(physicians.((If(“no”(discuss(why(this(is(not(a(problem(that(can(be(
addressed(with(predictive(modeling.

( ( 7((
UGBA104( ( ( (
(
PROBLEM(7(
Sahara(is(a(new(retailer(that(specializes(in(direct9to9consumer(book(publishing.((In(addition(to(online(advertising(channels,(it(
uses(traditional(print(and(broadcast(promotional(campaigns.((Below(is(a(set(of(18(observations(detailing(customer(purchases(
used(in(this(problem.(A(table(describing(each(column(in(the(data(set(appears(afterwards."

!
Col" Title" Description" Type"
A" AD"CHANNEL" Particular"advertising"channel"(e.g."2"min"commercial"on"ESPN"or"advertisement"in""Rock"Stars"" Categorical"text"
magazine)"that"generated"the"sale"
B" TITLE" Title"of"a"particular"book"being"advertised" Text"string"
C" CATEGORY" Category"of"the"book"being"advertised" Categorical"text"
D" PRICE" Price"of"the"book" Integer"
E" ACCT"NUM" Customer"account"number"that"uniquely"identifies"each"customer" Numerical"string""
F" QTY" Quantity"of"the"book"title"that"was"purchased" Integer"
G" PURCH"DAY" DayTofTweek"that"the"purchase"was"made" Categorical"text"
H" DAYS"TO" Number"of"days"between"the"start"of"the"ad"campaign"(in"Ad"Channel)"to"a"specific"customer"purchase" Integer"
PURCH"
I" CITY" The"city"of"the"account"number's"billing"address" Text"string"
J" STATE" The"state"of"the"account"number's"billing"address" Categorical"text"
K" GENDER" The"gender"associated"with"the"account"number" Categorical"text"
L" MONEY" The"estimated"annual"household"income"(in"$"thousands)"of"the"account"number" Integer"
M" RUCC" A"measure"of"urbanTtoTrural"density"ranging"from"1"to"9,"where"1"is"an"urban"center"with"population"≥" Integer""
1MM,"and"9"is"a"rural"region"nonTadjacent"to"any"metro"area"with"a"population"<"2.5K""
N" LAT" Latitude"for"the"CITY"STATE"" Numerical"
O" LONG" Longitude"for"the"CITY"STATE"" Numerical"
(
( ( ( 8(
UGBA104( ( ( (

Question)7.1)
Sahara(wants(to(conduct(exploratory(analysis(of(its(past(purchases.((For(each(CATEGORY,(Sahara(
wants(to(know(how(many(purchases(are(made(by(each(GENDER.((A(table(summarizing(the(18(
sample(observations(appears(below.((

!
Sahara!created!the!summary!by!applying!a!Pivot!Table!to!the!18!observations.!!Specify!the!fields!and!functions!
and!the!order!in!which!they!appear!in!the!PivotTable!Fields!task!pane!below.!!If!an!area!is!empty,!write!"BLANK."!

!
!

Question)7.1.a))) Question)7.1.b)
( (

Question)7.1.c))) Question)7.1.d)))
( (

!
!
!

( ( 9((
UGBA104( ( ( (

Question)7.2)
Sahara!wants!to!analyze!all!of!its!past!purchases!more!deeply.!!Consider!the!purchases!by!
CATEGORY!within!each!STATE.!!Sahara!created!the!Pivot!Table!(truncated!below)!to!view!the!
average!DAYS!TO!PURCH!for!purchases!made!by!GENDER!within!each!PURCH!DAY!(day!of!week).!!!

!
!
Sahara!created!the!above!summary!for!the!18!observations.!!Specify!the!fields!and!functions!and!the!
order!in!which!they!appear!in!the!PivotTable!Fields!task!pane!below.!!If!an!area!is!empty,!write!
"BLANK."!
!

Question)7.2.a)) Question)7.2.b)
( (

Question)7.2.c))) Question)7.2.d)))
( (

( ( 10((
UGBA104( ( ( (

Question)7.3))!
Sahara!wants!to!cluster!customers!using!kSMeans.!!Consider!the!following!customer!features:!!
!
ACCT!NUM,!CITY,!STATE,!GENDER,!MONEY,!RUCC,!LAT,!LONG.!
!
Circle)any)three!of!the!features!that!Sahara!should!include!in!its"kSMeans!model.!
!
!
)
Question)7.4))))!
Suppose!that!Sahara!uses!kSMeans!to!identify!six!clusters!(customer!segments)!from!the!18!purchases!
in!our!data!set.!!The!resulting!Cluster!Summary!looks!like!this:!
!

!
!
Sahara!generates!a!table!that!reports!each!observation!(Record!ID)!along!with!its!Cluster!ID!and!the!
distance!to!its!cluster!centroid.!!That!table!looks!like!this:!
!
Write!the!Excel!formula!that!appears!in!cell!D30!to!
calculate!the!distance!from!Record!ID!1!(cell!B30)!
to!its!cluster!Centroid!based!upon!the!Cluster!
Summary!(see!above).!!!Be!sure!to!write!your!
Excel!formula!so!that!you!can!copySandSpaste!it!
down!the!column.!
!
! Answer)
! (

!
!
!
!

( ( 11((
UGBA104( ( ( (

Question)7.5))))!
Further!examining!its!k(Means!cluster!summary,!Sahara!sees:!

!
!
Question)7.5.a)))
Considering!only!Cluster!3!and!Cluster!6,!which!cluster!!
is!more!coherent!and!distinct?!!
!
!
Question)7.5.b)!
In!15!words!or!less,!explain!your!answer!to!question!1.5.a.!
)
)
Question)7.6!
Sahara's!original!sample!data!consists!of!18!observations!where!a!customer!made!a!purchase.!!
Imagine!that!we!add!a!class!variable!PURCHASE!(in!a!new!column)!that!is!1!if!the!customer!purchases!
and!0!otherwise.!!In!Sahara's!sample,!every!observation!has!the!value!PURCHASE!=!1.!!Imagine!
further!that!we!add!an!additional!18!observations!where!PURCHASE!=!0.!!We!now!have!positive!and!
negative!examples!for!training!a!classifier!to!predict!the!class!variable!PURCHASE.!!!
!
Sahara!wants!to!predict!PURCHASE!with!a!Classification!Tree.!!Consider!the!following!customer!
features:!!
!
ACCT!NUM,!CITY,!STATE,!GENDER,!MONEY,!RUCC,!LAT,!LONG.!
!
Circle)any)three!features!that!Sahara!should!include!in!its!Classification!Tree!to!predict!the!class!
variable!PURCHASE.!
!
) )

( ( 12((
UGBA104( ( ( (

Question)7.7)
Suppose!that!the!Validation!Set!for!Sahara's!Classification!Tree!consists!of!11!observations,!six!of!
which!are!purchases!(i.e.!PURCHASE!=!1).!!Sahara!sorts!the!observations!from!1!to!11!in!decreasing!
order!of!predictive!value!(1!has!the!highest!probability!of!a!purchase):!
!
Observation) 1! 2! 3! 4! 5! 6! 7! 8! 9! 10! 11!
Value)of)PURCHASE) 0! 1! 1! 0! 0! 1! 1! 1! 0! 1! 0!
!
The!Chart!below!shows!the!Cumulative!Lift!Chart!with!Cumulative!PURCHASE!records!using!average.!!
To!this!Chart,!Sahara!wants!to!add!a!curve!for!the!Cumulative!PURCHASE!records!when!sorted!using!
predicted!values.!

!
!
Question)7.7.a)))))
First!calculate!the!value!of!Cumulative!PURCHASE!records!using!average!for!#!Cases!=!1,!5,!&!11,!
and!then!enter!them!into!the!table!below.!!Write!your!answers!as!a!fraction!of!integers!(e.g.,!3/4)!if!
appropriate.!
!
#)Cases) 1) 5) 11)
! ! !
Cumulative)PURCHASE)
records)
using)average)
!
!
) )

( ( 13((
UGBA104( ( ( (

Question)7.7.b)!)))!
On!the!same!Lift!Chart!above,!Sahara!wants!to!draw!a!curve!for!the!Cumulative!PURCHASE!records!
when!sorted!using!predicted!values.!!To!do!so,!Sahara!must!calculate!the!value!of!“Cumulative!
PURCHASE"!for!each!value!of!#!Cases.!!Complete!the!table!below!for!the!#!Cases!=!1,!5,!&!11.!!Write!
your!answers!as!a!fraction!of!integers!(e.g.,!3/4)!if!appropriate.!!!
!
#)Cases) 1) 5) 11)
! ! !
Cumulative)PURCHASE)records)
when)sorted)using)predicted)
values)
!
!
(
( (

( ( 14((
UGBA104( ( ( (

PROBLEM(8.(
BearsRUs(is(a(diversified(international(company(operating(out(of(Northern(California.((In(2015,(they(
bought(a(wine(distributor(in(Napa.((A(year(later,(they(reviewed(operations(to(see(the(state(of(their(
investment.((At(this(point,(they(had(44(weeks(of(contract(information(and(produced(their(first(progress(
report(that(included(the(following(statistics.(

(
Question(8.1.((
(Assuming(that(contract(values(follow(a(bellFshaped(distribution,(calculate(the(weekly(contract(values(
that(are(the(threshold(for(the(upper(and(lower(outliers(using(the(empirical(rule.(
(
Question)8.2.(((
(Assuming(that(contract(values(follow(a(bellRshaped(distribution,(how(many(outliers(are(there(
using(the(empirical(rule?((If(none,(write("none."(
)
Question)8.3(
Complete(the(box(and(whisker(plot(for(contract(values(with(contract(values(on(the(horizontal(axis(in(increasing(
order(from(leftFtoFright.((Provide(a(label(and(value(for(every(corner,(whisker,(or(other(unspecified(parts((i.e.(
outliers)(of(the(boxFandFwhisker(plot.(
(
(

(
((
(

( ( 15((
UGBA104( ( ( (

Question)8.4(
Refer(to(the(table(beginning(in(cell(H2(of(the(worksheet(containing(Contract(Values(above.((Write(
the(Excel(formula(that(you(would(enter(into(cell(J10(to(calculate(the(first(quartile.((Be(sure(you(
write(the(formula(so(that,(you(can(copyRandRpaste(it(into(the(adjacent(cells(as(appropriate.(
(
(
Question)8.5(
Write(the(Excel(formula(that(you(would(enter(into(cell(J5(to(calculate(the(mean.(
(
(
( (

( ( 16((
UGBA104( ( ( (

PROBLEM)9.)
All(of(Stewart’s(friends(currently(live(alone.((Because(Stewart(needs(temporary(housing,(he(will(move(in(with(one(
of(them.(((
Name( hasPhD( speaksKlingon( isTheoreticalPhysicist( canDrive( lovesComics( allergies(
Sheldon( Y( Y( Y( N( Y( N(
Leonard( Y( Y( N( Y( Y( Y(
Howard( N( Y( N( Y( Y( Y(
Raj( Y( N( N( Y( Y( N(
Penny( N( N( N( Y( N( N(
( ( ( ( ( ( (
Stewart( N( Y( N( Y( N( ?(
(
Question(9.1.(((
Of(the(measures(studied(in(class,(What(metric(should(Stewart(use(to(compare(how(similar(he(is(to(his(potential(
roommates(and(Why?(((Select(the(best(answer).(
A.! Euclidean(–(allows(for(the(finestFgrained(distinctions(between(observations.(
B.! Euclidean(–(is(the(most(general(measure,(appropriate(for(many(types(of(data.((
C.! Matching(Coefficient(–(treats(both(binary(values((0(and(1)(equally(for(purposes(of(defining(similarity.(
D.! Matching(Coefficient(–(for(highly(sparse(data((e.g.(binary(data(with(many(more(1’s(than(0’s(or(vice(
versa),(the(matching(coefficient(offers(a(good(measure(of(global(similarity;(it(prevents(outliers(from(
skewing(your(assessment(of(similarity.(((
E.! Jaccard(Coefficient(–(for(highly(sparse(data,(the(Jaccard(better(supports(relative(similarity((e.g.(focus(on(
those(narrow(areas(of(overlap).((((
F.! Jaccard(Coefficient(–(is(more(appropriate(when(binary(variables(are(asymmetric:(two(observations(that(
share(the(presence(of(a(variable(are(more(similar(than(two(observations(who(share(the(absence(of(the(
variable.(
)
NOTE:)In(the(table(below,(we(provide(the(simplified(fractions(or(square(roots(for(calculating(
distances.((We(did(not(round(numbers(or(use(approximations.((If(a(fraction(was(not(in(a(table,(we(
expected(an(answer(of(“none(of(these.”(
Regardless(of(the(measure(that(you(used,(notice(that(the(three(closest(neighbors(are(the(same.((
Depending(upon(the(metric,(there(may(have(been(a(tie(for(first(or(a(tie(for(second((i.e.(where(a(“tie”(
indicates(two(individuals(the(same(distance(away).((However,(for(purposes(of(a(3RNN(comparison,(
there(are(always(three(unique(neighbors.(
While(the(textbook(points(out(that(the(default(similarity(measure(for(3RNN(classification(is(
Euclidean(distance,(as(discussed(in(class,(we(can(pragmatically(and(intuitively(use(any(distance(
metric(to(determine(who(your(neighbors(are.((Once(neighbors(are(defined,(the(50%(rule(is(
equivalent(to(“majority(rule.”((If(greater(than(or(equal(to(50%(of(your(nearest(neighbors(have(a(
class(variable(of(1,(then(we(assign(a(class(variable(of(1(to(you(as(well.((Thus,(we(can(see,(based(
upon(neighbors,(that(Stewart(has(an(allergy,(but(Amy(and(Kripke(do(not.(()
(
) )

( ( 17((
UGBA104( ( ( (

Question)9.2.((
Use(the(metric(you(selected(above(and(the(first(five(variables((hasPhD,(speaksKlingon,(
isTheoreticalPysicist,(canDrive,(and(lovesComics).((What(is(the(similarity((or(dissimilarity(in(the(
case(of(Euclidean(distance)(between(Stewart(and(his("closest"(friend?(((
Select(your(answer(from(the(following(table(and(write(it(in(the(box(below.(
Option( A.( B.( C.( D.( E.( F.( G.( H.( I.( J.( K.( L.( M.(
Answer( 1/5( 1/4( 1/3( 2/5( 1/2( 3/5( 2/3( 3/4( 4/5( 1( √2( √3( none(of(these(
(
Question)9.3.((
But(Stewart’s(friends(want(to(check(for(allergies(or(food(intolerances,(and(Stewart(does(not(know(
what(allergies(he(has.((So(we(add(a(class(variable(“allergies”(and(attempt(to(predict(it.((Using(the(
metric(that(you(selected(above,(who(are(Stewart’s(three(closest(neighbors;(select(names(from(the(
list(below(and(report(the(Multiple(choice(letters((A(–(E)(in(alphabetical(order.(((((
(
Option( Name(
A.( Howard((
B.( Leonard(
C.( Penny(
D.( Raj(
E.( Sheldon(
(
Question)9.4.((
Based(upon(the(principles(of(a(3RNN(classifier(and(a(50%(threshold((cutRoff),(for(the(three(
neighbors(you(selected(above((Q2.3),(does(Stewart(have(an(allergy?((Answer(Yes,(or(No.(((
(
Question)9.5.((
(Assume(that(instead,(we(construct(the(following(hierarchical(classification(tree(where(a("1"(is(
equivalent(to("Yes,(allergy".((Based(upon(the(classification(tree,(does(Stewart(have(an(allergy?((

Answer(Yes,(or(No.( .(()
)
(

( ( 18((
UGBA104( ( ( (

PROBLEM)10.)
Allergies(can(be(very(serious(things.((Severe(allergies(can(limit(where(you(live,(what(you(eat,(and(
when(you(go(outdoors.((Believing(that(you(have(an(allergy(when(you(do(not((a(false(positive(test)(is(
certainly(inconvenient.((But(not(knowing(about(an(allergy(that(you(do(have((false(negative)(is(even(
more(costly.((The(penalty(can(include(an(extremely(unpleasant(death.(((
(
Suppose(that(we(have(two(allergy(tests(with(the(following(Confusion(Matrices.(
Test(A.( Test(B.(

( (
(
Question)10.1)
What(is(the(accuracy(of(each(test?((For(each(test,(select(your(answer(from(the(following(table(and(
write(the(option(in(the(Answer(Box(below.(
Option( A.( B.( C.( D.( E.( F.( G.( H.( I.( J.( K.( L.(
Answer( 1/10( 1/5( 1/4( 3/10( 3/7( 1/2( 4/7( 7/10( 3/4( 4/5( 9/10( none(of(these(
(
(
Question)10.2)
If(both(tests(cost(the(same(amount(of(money,(which(test(should(you(use?(Answer(“Test(A”(or(“Test(
B”.(
(
(
Question)10.3(
Use(data(to(support(your(answer(to(Question(3.2.((Answer(in(twenty(words(or(less((word(count(
does(not(include(numbers).((((
(
(
(

( ( 19((