Soran university

Faculty of engineering
Department of Petroleum Engineering

Reservoir petrophysics LAB.

porosity

Mohammad Star Braim

Group (B)

Supervisor
Mr.fuad yousify

Date:12/10/2018
Contents
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3
Equipment and material ............................................................................................................................... 4
Procedure...................................................................................................................................................... 5
Calculation .................................................................................................................................................... 6
Result and discussion .................................................................................................................................... 7
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................................... 8
References .................................................................................................................................................... 9

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Introduction

Porosity is the open spaces between grains or trapped in grains in a

microstructure — the presence of tiny openings or spaces within a material. Porous
materials can absorb fluids or moisture, which causes corrosion.
Porosity is a fraction between 0 and 1, typically ranging from less than 0.01 for solid
granite to more than 0.5 for peat and clay. It may also be represented in percent terms
by multiplying the fraction by 100.

𝑣𝑝 𝑣𝑏−𝑣𝑔
𝜑 = 𝑣𝑏 = × 100
𝑣𝑏
Porosity does not have unit.

Effective porosity is the total porosity less the fraction of the pore space occupied
by shale or clay. In very clean sands, total porosity is equal to effective porosity.
effective porosity represents pore space that contains hydrocarbon and non-clay
water. Free formation water that is neither bound to clay nor to shale is called non-
clay water. An accurate definition of effective porosity is total porosity minus
volume of clay-bound water.

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Equipment and material

1. Water
2. Rock
3. Paraffin
4. Electric balance
5. Beaker

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Procedure

1. Mass of the paraffin was weighted using electronic balance and its volume
to determine density of the paraffin.
2. Mass of the rock sample was recorded.
3. The rock was coated with paraffin.
4. After coating the rock sample with paraffin, mass and volume of the coated
rock was measured.
5. The coated rock was put in water to measure volume of the rock and the
paraffin together.
6. Then subtracting mass of the rock sample from mass of the coated rock to
determine mass of the used paraffin.
7. Then using the density of the paraffin to determine the volume of the used
paraffin.
8. The paraffin was removed on the rock and the rock was put in water to
measure volume of its grain and isolated pores.
9. Subtracting volume of grain and isolated pores from the bulk volume to
determine volume of its effective porosity.
10. Using equation porosity was determined.

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Calculation

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Result and discussion

Measurements Data
Mass Paraffin 9g
Volume Paraffin 7 cc
Density Paraffin 1.285 g/cc
Mass Rock 11.30 g
Mass Rock + Paraffin 29.36 g
Mass Paraffin used 18.06 g
Volume Paraffin used 14.054 cc
Volume Rock + 25 cc
Paraffin
Volume Grain + 10 cc
Isolate
Volume Bulk 10.946 cc
Volume Porosity 0.946 cc
Porosity 0.086 , %8.6

Q: Why can’t we apply too much pressure on the paraffin?

Because it might fill the rocks pores.

Q: why must be clean the rocks and remove paraffin completely?

To determine volume of rocks accurately.

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Conclusion

In conclusion porosity is important in petroleum engineering process, because

it has a relationship between porosity’s percentage and petroleum products
percentage. What was demonstrated above is all about the process of distinguishing
a paraffin from an effective porosity rock and determining its mass and volume and
density to determine the volume of pores.

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References

https://www.corrosionpedia.com/definition/906/porosity

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