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    Chemistry Proteins and Nucleic Acids Proteins

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    Proteins are the most abundant organic molecules and are made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They function as catalysts through enzymes, antibodies, hormones, and structural and transport proteins. Nucleic acids are polymers made of nucleotides as basic units. The two types of nucleic acids are DNA and RNA, which contain the sugars deoxyribose or ribose, phosphate groups, and the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA.

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    Chemistry Proteins and Nucleic Acids Proteins

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    Proteins are the most abundant organic molecules and are made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They function as catalysts through enzymes, antibodies, hormones, and structural and transport proteins. Nucleic acids are polymers made of nucleotides as basic units. The two types of nucleic acids are DNA and RNA, which contain the sugars deoxyribose or ribose, phosphate groups, and the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA.

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    Proteins are the most abundant organic molecules and are made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They function as catalysts through enzymes, antibodies, hormones, and structural and transport proteins. Nucleic acids are polymers made of nucleotides as basic units. The two types of nucleic acids are DNA and RNA, which contain the sugars deoxyribose or ribose, phosphate groups, and the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA.

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    Chemistry Proteins and Nucleic Acids Proteins

    Uploaded by

    Reluctant Hero up
    Proteins are the most abundant organic molecules and are made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They function as catalysts through enzymes, antibodies, hormones, and structural and transport proteins. Nucleic acids are polymers made of nucleotides as basic units. The two types of nucleic acids are DNA and RNA, which contain the sugars deoxyribose or ribose, phosphate groups, and the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA.

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    CHEMISTRY

    PROTEINS AND NUCLEIC ACIDS

    PROTEINS
    Proteins Most abundant organic molecules which
    contain amino acids that are linked by
    peptide bonds
    Functions of Proteins Catalyst, produces enzymes, antibodies,
    hormonal proteins, structural proteins, and
    transport proteins
    Catalyst Speeds up or slows down biochemical
    reactions
    Enzyme A catalyst in the process of metabolism
    Hormonal proteins Regulate specific biological processes (insulin,
    somatotropin)
    Structural proteins Structure of body’s tissue and organs
    (keratin, collagen)
    Transport proteins Transport substances (hemoglobin)
    Amino acids Building block of proteins; 20 of these form a
    polypeptide chain; 2 types of amino acids
    Essential amino acids Cannot be made by the body, must be taken
    from food
    Non-essential amino acids Produced by body
    Structure of an amino acid

    NUCLEIC ACIDS
    Nucleic acids Polymers containing basic units aka
    nucleotides; 2 types, DNA & RNA
    Nucleotides Monomers of nucleic acids which consist of 3
    parts: 5-Carbon sugar, phosphate group, &
    nitrogenous base
    Nitrogenous bases Purines & pyrimidines
    Purines Double bonded; adenine, guanine
    Pyrimidines Triple bonded; cytosine, thymine/uracil
    Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Sugar: deoxyribose
    N.base: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
    Ribonucleic acid (RNA) Sugar: ribose
    N.base: adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil

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