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Airports Report in India PDF
Airports Report in India PDF
❖ Executive Summary…………….……………3
❖ Advantage India………………….…..……… 5
❖ Market Overview & Trends……….….…...... 7
❖ Porter Five Forces Analysis ……………...20
❖ Strategies Adopted……………………….. 22
❖ Growth Drivers………………….......…….. 24
❖ Opportunities……………………...………..36
❖ Success Stories………….………………... 38
❖ Useful Information…….......................……..41
CAGR: 17.14%
421 By 2020, passenger traffic at
Third largest aviation market by Indian airports is expected to
2020 increase to 421 million from
223.61
223.61 million in 2016
2016 2020
2016E 2026F
FEBRUARY 2017 Source: World Travel and Tourism Council, Airport Authority of India, TechSci Research 3
For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org
AIRPORTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY … (2/2)
Source: World Travel and Tourism Council, Asian Development Bank, TechSci Research
ADVANTAGE INDIA
AIRPORTS
ADVANTAGE INDIA
Robust demand
FY2000 •
Growing
Rising working demand
group and widening middle
Opportunities in MRO FY2016
class demography is expected to boost • Growth in aviation accentuating
demand demand for MRO facilities
No of • India plans to increase the number of No of
operational airports to 250 by 2030 to cater to growing • Expenditure in MRO accounts for 13- operational
airports: 50 leisure and business travel 15 per cent of total revenues; it is the airports: 95
• Freight traffic also likely to go up as trade second-highest expense after fuel cost
with the rest of the world increases
• By 2020, the MRO industry is likely to
grow over USD1.5 billion from USD0.5
billion currently
Advantage
India Policy support
Increasing investments
• Investments totaling USD12.1 billion in • The government has been encouraging
the airport sector are likely to be made private sector participation
during the Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-
17); of these, private investments are • Foreign investment up to 49 per cent is
expected to total USD9.3 billion allowed under automatic route in
scheduled air transport service, regional
• Growing private sector participation air transport service and domestic
through the Public - Private Partnership scheduled passenger airline.
(PPP) route
Non-scheduled airlines in
39 121 (FY16)
operation
Passenger handling
capacity at airports 66 million 270 million (FY14)
Airports and
airstrips in India Customs airports
Operational (90) (7)
(464)
Non-AAI airports
and airstrips
(339)
Civil enclaves International (17)
(26)
0.94
0.92
Spicejet
Market share: 12.8%
Passenger Load Factor
0.88
Air India Indigo
Market share: 15.3% Market share: 38.6%
0.86 Passenger load traffic: 84.7% Passenger load traffic: 87.2%
GoAir
0.84 Market share: 8.3%
Passenger load traffic: 88.6%
Jetlite
0.82 Market share: 3%
Passenger load traffic: 80.9% Jet Airways
Market share: 16%
Passenger load traffic: 82.6%
0.8
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
Market Share
Note: Market Share as on May’16 and Load Data for the month of May’16
as published by Directorate General of Civil Aviation
FEBRUARY 2017 For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org 10
AIRPORTS
THE SIX MAJOR AIRPORTS IN THE COUNTRY
Delhi
Passenger traffic handled in
FY15: 41 million;
FY16: 48 million
Kolkata
Passenger traffic handled in
FY15: 10.9 million;
FY16: 12.4 million
Mumbai
Passenger traffic handled in;
FY15: 36.7 million;
FY16: 41.7 million
Hyderabad
Passenger traffic handled in
FY15: 10.4 million
Bengaluru FY16: 12.4 million
Passenger traffic handled in
FY15: 15.4 million;
FY16: 19 million
Chennai
Passenger traffic handled in
FY15: 14.3 million;
FY16: 15.2 million
Witnessing a growth of 17.62 per cent over the previous Passenger traffic in FY16 (million)
year, total passenger traffic stood at a 223.6 million in
FY16, which was recorded at 190.1 million in FY15 in 250 35.00%
India. 30.00%
200 25.00%
Growth in passenger traffic has been strong since the
new millennium, especially with rising incomes and low- 20.00%
150
cost aviation; during FY06-16, passenger traffic grew at a 15.00%
CAGR of 11.8 per cent in the country. 10.00%
100
5.00%
116.87
108.88
123.76
143.43
162.31
169.03
50 0.00%
73.35
96.49
159.4
190.1
223.6
-5.00%
0 -10.00%
FY06FY07FY08FY09FY10FY11FY12FY13FY14FY15FY16
Source: Association of Private Airport Operator, Airports Authority of India, TechSci Research,
Notes: CAGR – Compound Annual Growth Rate,
FY – Indian Financial Year (April – March)
168.89
30.00%
International passenger traffic registered growth at a CAGR of 140
139.3
9.36 per cent over FY06-16 and is set to touch 60 million by FY17. 120
122.41
20.00%
121.51
116.37
105.52
During September 2016, domestic airlines carried over 8.23 100
89.39
million passengers, showing a growth of more than 23 per cent 80 10.00%
87.06
77.3
compared to the same period last year.
70.62
60 0.00%
50.98
Growth in passenger traffic set to remain strong in future 40
54.72
50.8
46.62
-10.00%
43.03
37.91
40.8
34.37
31.58
29.81
12th Plan Period 20
25.87
22.37
60 0 -20.00%
FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16
Total freight traffic registered a CAGR of 6.8 per cent over International freight traffic was 61.3 per cent of
FY06-16 the total in 2016
1045.92
20.00%
In FY16, domestic freight traffic stood at 1045.92 million
2000
852
812
tonnes, while international freight traffic was at 1658.35
840
15.00%
784
986
689
million tonnes.
1500 10.00%
568
552
530
484
During FY16, domestic freight traffic increased at 6.08 per
1468
5.00%
1407
cent while international freight traffic increased at 7.55 per 1000
1658.35
1542
1496
cent in comparison with FY15. 0.00%
1271
1147
1023
1440
920
500
1149
-5.00%
By 2023, total freight traffic is expected to touch 4.14 million
tonnes exhibiting growth at a CAGR of 7.27 per cent 0 -10.00%
between FY2016 and FY23. In addition, international freight
traffic is expected to grow at a CAGR of 7.13 per cent while
domestic freight traffic is expected to grow at a CAGR 7.50
per cent between FY2016 and FY23. International('000 Tonnes) Domestic ('000 Tonnes)
Growth-International(%) Growth-Domestic(%)
Freight traffic on airports in India is expected to cross 11.4 Freight traffic (million tonnes)
million tonnes by 2032.
2.7
2.53
2.35
Growth in import and export in India will be the key driver for
2.28
2.28
2.19
growth in freight traffic as 30 per cent of total trade is
1.96
undertaken via airways
1.72
1.7
1.55
Airports across the globe are planning on increasing their
1.4
spending on new technology to keep up with surging
passenger traffic, which is expected to double to 370
million by 2020. The anticipated double digit growth would
make India as the world’s 3rd largest aviation market by
2020.
1.08
1.31
1.31
1.33
1.39
1.54
1.48
1.54
1.60
1.79
0.20
0.00 -10.00%
375.33 1418.28
800 5.00%
comparison to FY15.
1260
1201
314 1165
309 1235
300 1094
282 1049
600
270 1036
249 1059
0.00%
216 862
400
During FY16, the total number of domestic aircraft -5.00%
346
336
200
movement increased to 1.4 million, as compared to
0 -10.00%
FY15 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16
International('000) Domestic('000)
In FY16, the total number of international aircraft
Growth-International(%) Growth-Domestic(%)
movement increased to 0.37 million, in comparison to
FY15 Source: Association of Private Airport Operators, TechSci Research
Notes: YoY – Year on Year; FY – Indian Financial Year (April – March)
CAGR – Compound Annual Growth Rate
Post liberalisation, private sector participation in the sector has been increasing
Private sector investment is expected to increase to USD9.3 billion during the Twelfth Five Year Plan from USD5.5
billion in the previous plan
Rising private • Investment made by the private sector during the 12th Five Year Plan (2012–17) is
participation and expected to increase by 69.1 per cent to USD9.3 billion over that during the 11th Five
Investments Year Plan
• 4 existing airports & 2 greenfield projects will be offered on PPP basis which is expected
to attract investments from private players
Greater use of non- • Rising business activity leading to higher demand for non-scheduled airlines
scheduled airlines • As on June 2016, there are 121 operators (NSOP)
• Indian airports are emulating the SEZ-aerotropolis model to enhance revenues; focus on
revenues from retail, advertising, vehicle parking, etc.
Focus on non-
aeronautical revenue • With the initiative of displaying “Art for a cause,” Nagpur airport became India’s 1st airport
to take up the cause of empowering the girl child in a unique way.
• Absence of complementary meals in low-cost airlines have boosted the food and
beverages retail segment at airports
Source: DGCA
Note: FY – Indian Financial Year (April – March)
NSOP – Non Schedule Operators Permit
FEBRUARY 2017 For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org 19
AIRPORTS
Competitive Rivalry1
• Competition among major players is very high, especially in LCC’s (Low cost
carrier) section because the airlines compete for the middle income group
customers and passengers of air-conditioning segment of railways. This group Threat of New
has low brand loyalty and is highly price sensitive Entrants
• Competition might intensify further in LCC segment with Air Asia India being (Low)
granted DGCA’s operator license
• Threat remains low because of the • Threat remains low in this sector Bargaining Competitive
nature of the industry (Regulatory Substitute
also as no other means of Power of Rivalry Products
hurdles, Capital-intensive) transport is as swift, and Customers (High) (Low)
• Air Asia India has been granted convenient as airlines (Low)
DGCA approval (Price War) • It saves time
• Air Asia started services to
Bagdogra and Srinagar from Delhi.
STRATEGIES ADOPTED
AIRPORTS
STRATEGIES ADOPTED1
• Expansion of CAPA
Expansion • Further, rise of LCC’s was also supported by the exit of Kingfisher, which is on the verge of insolvency
• Capacity will also increase with new terminals coming up in Mumbai, Bengaluru, Chennai & Kolkata
• Indian carriers to double their fleet capacity by 2020 to around 800 aircrafts
• Indian LCC’S are looking forward to increase their ancillary services, without tampering their business models. This
includes services like lounge access, priority boarding, customer loyalty memberships & customer meals
Ancillary • The Airports Authority of India (AAI), has allowed the city & the BRTS buses to foray in the airport premises in Surat.
services This initiative will allow the passengers to reach airports on time, in accordance with their flight schedules and allow
smoother transit.
• Both Indigo and GoAir are eyeing a larger share of corporate market
• Indian LCC’s are expected to increase their regional, international (Asia-pacific, Middle East) operations
• Indian LCC’s are looking forward to increase their low cost products on routes which will take up to 4 hours (shorter
Increasing international routes)
operations • This will allow deleveraging of domestic fleet, increasing aircraft utilisation & improving commercial performance
• Chennai, with its strategic location in South India has a strong potential to become a hub, with connecting flights to
Gulf & across South East Asia
• Although India is heavily characterised by LCC’s, there is shortage of low cost airports. Government has plans to
develop around 100 low cost airports, which will significantly lower the operating costs
• NIAMAR (National Institute of Aviation Management & Research) has been developed to bridge the supply gap of
aviation personnel
• 4 new greenfield airport projects are coming up in the smaller towns of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana, as part of
Government’s India's overall aim to improve airport infrastructure and regional connectivity in the country.
push • As on October 2016, government has launched regional connectivity scheme named UDAN (Ude Desh ka Aam
Nagrik) to make flying affordable for common man
• Under Regional Connectivity Scheme (RCS), the government plans to increase the total number of operational
airports in India from 75 to 118
• For improving the regional air connectivity, the government received as many as 45 initial proposals from 11 bidders,
under the scheme UDAN. In this scheme, the government has proposed to cap the fares of 1 hour flights at US$37.18
FEBRUARY 2017 Source: Central Asia-Pacific Aviation, TechSci Research For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org 23
Note: 1 Notes w.r.t airlines, LCC – Low Cost Carrier
AIRPORTS
GROWTH DRIVERS
AIRPORTS
STRONG DEMAND AND POLICY SUPPORT DRIVING INVESTMENTS
Increasing
Growing
Growing demand
demand Policy support
Strong investments
government
support
AAI driving large
Greater modernisation,
Expanding middle
government focus development
income group and
on infrastructure projects; expansion
working population
and upgradation of
existing airports;
Inviting Resulting in development of
Rising domestic low-cost airports
Increasing
and foreign
liberalisation, Open
tourists and Increasing private
Sky Policy
travellers sector
participation,
increasing
greenfield projects
Strong growth in Policy sops, FDI
external trade encouragement Strong projected
demand making
returns attractive
3,227
3,587
3,748
4,041
4,445
4,749
5,003
5,352
5,758
6,162
6,599
2,000
(15–64 years), at 65.7 per cent of the total population 2.00%
1,000
currently, is expected to grow; this indicates the 0 0.00%
employee base and the frequency of business travel
are expected to increase
96.20
96.01
• Improving tourism infrastructure
90.16
• Successful ad campaigns abroad 100.00
77.87
69.30
68.70
• The share of travel & tourism in India’s GDP is likely to
60.90
80.00
depict YoY growth of 7.3 per cent in 2016E; and is
48.70
46.20
42.10
expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.75 per cent per 60.00
annum between 2016E-2025
26.40
25.50
24.40
22.30
20.80
22.10
19.90
19.10
18.60
40.00
17.78
Growing travel & tourism spending 20.00
0.00
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016E
• India is one of the fastest growing economies
Leisure Travel & Tourism Spending (in USD Bn)
• Overall, Leisure travel & tourism spending inclined at a
Business Travel & Tourism Spending (in USD Bn)
CAGR of 9.62 per cent between 2007-16E.
• Emergence of business hubs like Mumbai (Finance), Source: World Travel and Tourism Council,
Make in India, Global Business Travel Association, TechSci Research
Bengaluru (IT), Chennai (IT), Delhi (Manufacturing, IT) Notes: IT – Information Technology, E – Estimated
is likely to boost business travel as well.
• Leisure travel spending grew to USD96.20 billion in
2016E from USD96.01 billion in 2015.
Growing trade benefits of freight movement Rising exports and imports (USD billion)
489.32
490.74
• Over FY09-16, 600
447.52
450.2
380.60
369.77
• India’s exports expanded at a CAGR of 5.08 500
314.41
309.56
305.96
303.69
per cent to USD262.03 billion in FY16.
288.37
300.4
262.03
400
249.82
• Imports registered a CAGR of 3.28 per cent
185.29
178.75
which reached to USD380.60 billion in FY16 300
0
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16
FDI in aviation and
Increasing airline Exports Imports
liberalised aviation
operators
policy
Source: Ministry of Commerce, TechSci Research
Notes: CAGR – Compound Annual Growth Rate,
FY – Indian Financial Year (April – March)
Higher aircraft
movement
Growth in passenger
Rise in freight traffic
traffic
• With the opening of the airport sector to private participation, six airports across major
cities are being developed under the PPP model
• Currently, 60 per cent of airport traffic is handled under the PPP model, while the
Liberalisation, Open remaining 40 per cent is managed by the AAI
Sky Policy
• Increased traffic rights under bilateral agreements with foreign countries
• India has signed its first open skies agreement with Greece
• The GOI has allowed 100 per cent FDI under automatic route for greenfield projects,
whereas, 74 per cent FDI is allowed under automatic route for brownfield projects.
• 100 per cent FDI is allowed under automatic route in scheduled air transport service,
Encouragement to FDI regional air transport service & domestic scheduled passenger airline, however, FDI over
49 per cent would require government approval.
• Approval of 49 per cent FDI in aviation for foreign carriers.
Notes: India currently has bilateral air service agreements with 104 countries. These include Brazil, 27 members of the EU, and
China. In 2008 traffic rights were been enhanced with Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Netherlands, Qatar, Iran, Japan and Turkey,
FDI – Foreign Direct Investment, GOI – Government of India
• 100 per cent tax exemption for airport projects for a period of 10 years
Taxes and duties
• Indian aircraft Manufacture, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) service providers are exempted
completely from customs and countervailing duties
• In the Union Budget for FY17, Government of India, for the purpose of equity infusion has
earmarked USD255.86 million for Air India Limited.
• Also, a budget of about USD14.98 million has been allocated to Airports Authority of India,
Budgetary support of which USD4.29 million has been attributed towards Pakyong, Sikkim project.
• The government has planned to allocate a sum of USD11.80 million to Directorate
General of Civil Aviation to implement various schemes.
• The government has also supported the Bureau of Civil Aviation Security with USD9.71
million to meet their expenditure.
• The AAI aims to bring around 250 airports under operation across the country by 2020
Metro airports
• The AAI has developed and upgraded over 23 metro airports in the last five years
• The Airports Authority of India (AAI) is planning to spend USD1.3 billion on non-metro
projects over the five years (2013–17); it is mainly focusing on the modernisation and up
gradation of airports; New airports at Itanagar, Kohima and Gangtok are also planned
• The Government of Andhra Pradesh plans to develop greenfield airports in six cities
(Nizamabad, Nellore, Kurnool, Ramagundam, Tadepalligudem, and Kothagudem) under
Non-metro airports the PPP model
• Upfront subsidy has been proposed through which non-metro airports would be funded by
imposing 2 per cent levy on both domestic and international airfares
• Over 30 airport development projects are under progress across various regions in
Northeast India
• AAI plans to develop over 20 airports in tier II and III cities in next five years
Northeast India
• The AAI plans to develop Guwahati as an inter-regional hub & Agartala, Imphal &
Dibrugarh as intra-regional hubs
Recourse to the Public Private Partnership (PPP) model has boosted private sector investments in airports
PPP route for five international airports (Delhi, Mumbai, Cochin, Hyderabad, Bengaluru) most noteworthy
In December, 2014, Government of India decided to transfer 4 existing airports (Chennai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad & Jaipur) &
2 greenfield airport projects (at Navi Mumbai & Goa) into PPP model in order to attract investments from private players.
Bijapur Airport
Delhi PPP format likely to
(Modernisation, Terminal 3 continue
Terminal 3) construction in Shimoga Airport
Delhi completed in
Mumbai 2010 15 greenfield
(Modernisation) projects with Hassan Airport
Participation in private sector
international participation has
airport projects been approved
Terminal 3 - Total in May 2015 Gulbarga Airport
Hyderabad
cost
USD2.7 billion Mopa Airport, Navi
(including Terminal 3 Mumbai Airport, Shirdi
Bengaluru USD5.8 billion of and Sindhudurg
and 1- D) investments likely; Airports, Kannur and
Aranmula Airports,
Durgapur Airport,
USD6.1 million of
Dabra Airport,
investments has Pakyong Airport,
been approved for Karaikal Airport and
Shimoga Airport in Kushinagar Airport
July 2015
Presently India has five PPP airports each at Mumbai, Delhi, Cochin, Hyderabad and Bengaluru, which together handle over
55 per cent of country’s air traffic.
Government of India has approved 15 greenfield PPP projects which are expected to increase the air traffic in India. These
projects would be setup in Goa, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, Bijapur, Gulbarga, Karnataka, Kerala, West Bengal, Madhya
Pradesh, Sikkim, Puducherry and Uttar Pradesh.
Type of project/
Name of airport Operator Revenue sharing
PPP structure
Chhatrapati Shivaji Mumbai International Airport Ltd 38.7 per cent of gross revenue to be
Brownfield/BOOT
International Airport (MIAL) shared with AAI
Indira Gandhi Delhi International Airport Ltd 45.9 per cent of gross revenue to be
Brownfield/BOOT
International Airport (DIAL) shared with AAI
OPPORTUNITIES
AIRPORTS
OPPORTUNITIES
• The Indian Aviation sector likely to • The Indian Aviation Industry aims to • Airport developers can now
see investments totalling USD12.1 boost MRO business in India, which draw on wider revenue
billion during the Twelfth Five Year is worth US500 million as of FY2016 opportunities such as retail,
Plan and is estimated to grow over US1.5 advertising and vehicle
billion by 2020 parking
• Of the total investment, USD9.3
billion is expected to come from the • Indian airline companies spend over • Future operators will benefit
private sector 13–15 per cent of their revenues on from greater operational
maintenance, which is the second- efficiency due to satellite
• Success of PPP formats will raise highest cost component after fuel based navigation systems like
investment in existing and ‘Project Gagan’ which is in
greenfield airports • Inauguration of MRO facility at
development phase
Hyderabad in May 29, 2015 by Air
• Private sector participation in six India Engineering Services Limited
existing airports operated by AAI is (AIESL) which is a 100 per cent
likely to increase investment owned subsidiary of Air India
opportunities for airport sector
Notes: ‘Project Gagan’ is directed towards transitioning from a ground-based navigation system to a satellite-based one. AAI and ISRO are
jointly working on this. A Space Based Augmentation System (SABS) will be operational by 2013,
MRO – Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul
SUCCESS STORIES
AIRPORTS
IGI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, DELHI - A COMPELLING SUCCESS STORY
Awarded at the Skytrax World Airport Awards 2015 for the “Best Airport in Central Asia region” & for the “Best Airport Staff”.
Also, they were felicitated with the prestigious Golden Peacock National Quality Award’ 2015 for their continuous efforts in
building a culture across IGI Airport
Ranked 1st in the world at the ACI Annual Service Quality Awards in 2014 (category: handling 25-40 million passengers) up
from 2nd in 2012
Delhi International Airport Ltd became the 1st in the world to receive the ISO 22301:2012 certification for its robust business
continuity management system
Delhi International Airport Ltd is also India’s 1st airport to cross 5 crore passenger mark, in 2016.
Phase I Final
Facts and features
Passenger Traffic: 48.4 mn (FY16) Passenger handling 100 million (by 2020)
34 million
capacity per annum (60 million as on October
Aircraft movement: 0.34 mn (FY16) 2013)
Cargo: 0.79 mn tonnes (FY16) Area (acres) 1,907
5,106
Terminal 3
Retail space: 0.2 mn sq feet
Operational status Completed on Mar-2010
Ongoing 20-year project
Apron area: 6.7 mn sq feet
Multi level car park: 4,300 cars/day Phase 1 of modernisation of IGI International Airport (at a cost of INR86 billion) involved
(mn: million; sq: square) renovation of terminals 1A, 1B, 1C and Terminal 2. It also included construction of a
new domestic terminal along with an integrated passenger terminal (Terminal 3)
Source: Delhi International Airport Ltd, Association of Private Airport Operators,
Airports Authority of India, TechSci Research;
Note: ACI – Airports Council International , mn - Million
FEBRUARY 2017 For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org 39
AIRPORTS
CSI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, MUMBAI - HARNESSING THE POWER OF PPP
During the World Travel Awards, 2015, CSI International Airport, Mumbai’s GVK Lounge at Terminal 2 has been felicitated
with “Asia’s Leading Airport Lounge “ Award. Also, the Architizer A+ Award for the “Best Architectural Structures in the
World” was bagged by CSI International Airport in the Transportation-Airports category, 2015
Ranked fifth in the world at the ACI Annual Service Quality Awards in 2014 (category: handling 25-40 million passengers)
Plans to increase the handling capacity at the airport from 36 to 48 flights/hr and to increase the passenger capacity to 40
million annually
USEFUL INFORMATION
AIRPORTS
INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONS
Purchasing Power Parity (used in calculating per-capita GDP – slide 12, GROWTH DRIVERS)
Public Private Partnership (a type of joint venture between the public and private sectors)
Year INR equivalent of one USD Year INR equivalent of one USD
2004–05 44.81 2005 43.98
2005–06 44.14
2006 45.18
2006–07 45.14
2007 41.34
2007–08 40.27
2008 43.62
2008–09 46.14
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