Tutorial Number 2 (Introduction to Materials)

Structures, defects and planar densities

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rm-i1c7zr6Q
1-Determine Miller’s indices for the directions shown in the following figure

1. Determine the coordinates of two points that lie on the direction.

2. Subtract the coordinates of the “tail” point from the coordinates of the
“head” point to obtain the number of lattice parameters traveled in the
direction of each axis of the coordinate system.
3. Clear fractions and or reduce the results obtained from the subtraction to
lowest integers.
4. Enclose the numbers in square brackets [ ]. If a negative sign is produced,
represent the negative sign with a bar over the number.

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Direction A Direction B Direction c Direction D

H: 0, 0, 1 H: 1, 0, 1 H: 1, 0, 0 H: 0, 1, 1/2
T: 1, 0, 0 T: ½, 1, 0 T: 0, 3/4, 1 T: 1, 0, 0

Subtract Subtract Subtract Subtract

-1 0 1 ½ -1 1 1 -3/4 -1 -1 1 1/2

Clear fractions (*2) Clear fractions (*4) Clear fractions (*2)

1 -2 2 4 -3 -4 -2 2 1

Square brackets Square brackets Square brackets Square brackets

[ ̅ 0 1] [1 ̅ 2] [4 ̅ ̅ ] [ ̅ 2 1]

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2. Determine miller’s indices for the shown planes
1. Identify the points at which the plane intercepts the x, y, and z coordinates in
terms of the number of lattice parameters. If the plane passes through the
origin, the origin of the coordinate system must be moved to that of an
adjacent unit cell.
2. Take reciprocals of these intercepts.
3. Clear fractions but do not reduce to lowest integers.
4. Enclose the resulting numbers in parentheses (). Again, negative numbers
should be written with a bar over the number.

Plane 1

Intrecepts
111

Recepricols

111

Parentheses
(1 1 1)

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Plane 2

Intrecepts
½ 1

Recepricols

210

Parentheses
(2 1 0)

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Plane 3 passes through the origin
Shift the origin to 0 1 0
Intrecepts
-1 ½

Recepricols

0 -1 2

Parentheses
(0 ̅ 2)

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3- Determine the planar density for BCC lithium in the (100) and (110) planes with
a lattice parameter of 3.5089 angstroms.

Planner density =
Plane (100)

PD = ( )
= 0.0812*

Plane (110)

PD =
√ ( )

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4- Calculate the radius of a tantalum (Ta) atom, given that Ta has a BCC crystal
structure, a density of 16.6 g/cm3, and an atomic weight of 180.9 g/mol.

For BCC √ a = 4r

( )
√

R = 1.432* cm

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