PRESENTATION

ON THE
SEMINAR TOPIC

BIOCHIPS
AISWARYA.A
ASAOMCA001
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 INTRODUCTION

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 BIOCHIP=BIO+CHIP
•BIO stands for any biological entity
like protein,DNA etc
•CHIP stands for computer chip
It is a mate between biological
entity and computer chip

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It is a new type of computer
logic bio security device
implanting in our body that
can identify us uniquely and
can used to track our location

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It is the outcome of
the fields of
computer science,
electronics and
biology

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 DEFINITION

A biochip is a collection of miniaturized

test sites (microarrays) arranged on a
solid substrate that permits many test
to be performed at the same time.

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 A biochip like a computer chip can
perform millions of mathematical
operations and thousands of biological
reactions in few seconds.

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 .

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 BIOCHIP AND SYRINGE

Biochip is inserted in to the

body with a hypodermic syringe

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 Where it is inserted?

In pets it is injected behind the neck

In humans it is inserted in hands or in the

forehead

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 THE BIOCHIP TECHNOLOGY

The biochip uses radio frequency

identification (RFID)system that uses low
frequency radio signals to communicate
between a biochip and reader.

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 COMPONENTS OF BIOCHIP

A biochip implant system consists of

two components

1.The Transponder

2.The reader
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TRANSPONDER

The transponder consists of 4 parts:

1.computer microchip
2.Antenna coil
3.Tuning capacitor
4.Glass capsule

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 STRUCTURE

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 COMPUTER MICROCHIP

Stores a unique identification

number(UID)

The UID is Encoded via laser

Contains electronic circuitary to

transmits ID number to the reader
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 ANTENNA COIL

It is a coil of copper wire

around a iron core

This tiny radio antenna

receives and send signals
from the reader
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 TUNING CAPACITOR
Stores the electrical charge send by
the reader to activate the
transponder
The capacitor is tuned to the same
frequency of the radio wave send
from the reader

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 GLASS CAPSULE
Made up of soda lime glass. After
assembly the capsule is air tightly
scaled so no bodly fluids can enter
in to the circuit inside.

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 THE READER
Consists of an exciter coil which creates
an electromagnetic field to excite the
implanted biochip.
The reader carries a receiving coil that
receives the transmitted code or ID
number from the biochip.
Reader decode the received code and
display the result in the LCD display.
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 WORKING OF BIOCHIP
Reader generate a low power
electromagnetic field to activate the
implanted biochip
The biochip sends a unique id to the reader
The reader convert the ID in to digital
format, decodes and displays the ID
number on the LCD display
This number is then compared with a
Database listing of already registered
details
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 SELDI PROTEIN BIOCHIPS
Surface-enhanced laser
desorption/ionization
Analyse the protein map that
reveals early disease
recognition,progession etc.

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 Medicinal
Implementations
of Biochip

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 Biochip perform early detection
of diseases
The biochip surface contain hundreds of small dots or drops
of arrays

Each of these dots contains proteins, antibody or nucleic

acid that can attach to a particular DNA
The nucleic acid cause the dots to light up when scanned

The computer algorithm decode the dot pattern produced

These detect the differences in the antibodies of the

affected person and detect diseases like cancer, respiratory
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syndromes
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etc 25
 Biochip as a glucose detector

Biochip underneath the skin sense the glucose

level and sends the results back to the system
out by Radio frequency communication.

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 Biochip as a oxygen sensor

Biochip can be integrated with oxygen sensor.

The s4ms chip is used for sensing oxygen or
glucose in blood.

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 Biochip as an BP sensor

Integration of pressure detecting circuits with

biochip can make the chip continuously
monitor the blood flow rate .

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 APPLICATIONS

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Tracing of a person or animal
anywhere in the world is possible
Can store and update
financial,medical,demographic data
of a person
Biochip leads to a secured E-
commerce systems
Replacing passports,cash,medical
records.
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 ADVANTAGES
 To locate lost people and wandering Alzheimer’s
Patients.
 To identify person uniquely.
 They can perform thousands of biological
reactions operations in few seconds.
 In monitoring health condition of individuals in which
they are specifically employed.
 They can perform thousands of biochemical reactions.
Simultaneously.
 Perform early detection of diseases
 Can store and update financial, demographic
,medicinal data and so on
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 DISADVANTAGES
They raise critical issues of personal
privacy.
They mark the end of human freedom and
dignity.
There is a danger of turning every man
women, and Child into a controlled slave.
Through cybernetic biochip implants people
will think and act as exactly pre-
programmed.
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 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

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 CONCLUSION

The really fascinating idea is

under fast track research "but
we're close.” The day in which
we have chips embedded in our
skins is not too far from now.
"This is science fiction stuff."

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